3-1
Chapter 3
Penyesuaian Akun
The
TheAdjusted
AdjustedTrial
Trial
The
TheBasics
Basicsof
of
Timing
TimingIssues
Issues Balance
Balanceand
and
Adjusting
AdjustingEntries
Entries
Financial
FinancialStatements
Statements
Slide
3-4
Timing
Timing Issues
Issues
Akuntansi membagi umur ekonomis suatu perusahaan
menjadi periode-periode waktu yang sebenarnya dibuat-
buat (artificial)
.....
Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. Dec.
Slide
3-5 SO 1 Explain the time period assumption.
Timing
Timing Issues
Issues
Review
Asumsi periode waktu menyatakan bahwa:
a.
a. Pendapatan
revenue should (revenue) harus diakui
be recognized in thedalam periode
accounting
akuntansi diperolehnya/
period in which terjadinya pendapatan
it is earned.
tersebut.
b. expenses should be matched with revenues.
b. Biaya (expenses) harus dipertemukan dengan
c. the economicyang
pendapatan life of a business can be divided into
dihasilkan.
artificial time periods.
c. Umur ekonomis (economic life) suatu perusahaan
d. the
dapatfiscal year should menjadi
dipecah-pecah correspond with the calendar
periode-periode waktu
year.
artifisial.
d. Tahun fiskal harus sama dengan tahun kalender.
Slide Solution on
3-6 notes page SO 1 Explain the time period assumption.
Timing
Timing Issues
Issues
Slide
3-8 SO 2 Explain the accrual basis of accounting.
Timing
Timing Issues
Issues
Perusahaan mengakui
pendapatan pada saat
pendapatan itu dihimpun/
dihasilkan (earned)
Slide
3-9 SO 2 Explain the accrual basis of accounting.
Timing
Timing Issues
Issues
Mempertemukan biaya-biaya
dengan pendapatan dalam
periode ketika perusahaan
melakukan upaya untuk
menghasilkan pendapatan tsb.
Slide
3-10 SO 2 Explain the accrual basis of accounting.
Timing
Timing Issues
Issues
antara pengakuan
pendapatan (revenue) dan
biaya (expense).
Slide
3-11 SO 2 Explain the accrual basis of accounting.
Answer on
Slide
notes page SO 2
3-12
Timing
Timing Issues
Issues
Slide Solution on
3-13 notes page SO 2 Explain the accrual basis of accounting.
Timing
Timing Issues
Issues
Review
Manakah
One ofdari
thepernyataan-pernyataan
following statements about
berikut
theyang
accrual
salah
basis of
mengenai
accounting
akuntansi
is false.
basis
That
akrual.
statement
Pernyataan
is: tersebut adalah:
a. Kejadian-kejadian
a. Events that change
yang amengubah
company’s posisi
financial
keuangan
statements
perusahaan
are recorded
dicatat
in the
dalam
periods
periode
in which
terjadinya.
the events occur.
b. Pendapatan
b. Revenue(revenue)
is recognized
diakui
in dalam
the period
periode
in which
ketikait is
pendapatan
earned. itu dihimpun/ dihasilkan.
c. Akuntansi
c. The accrual
basisbasis
akrualofsesuai
accounting
dengan
is IFRS.
in accord with
generally(revenue)
accepteddicatat
accounting
d. Pendapatan pada principles.
saat kas diterima, dan
biaya
d. Revenue
(expenses)
is recorded
dicatat pada
only when
saat kas
cash
dibayarkan.
is received, and
expenses are recorded only when cash is paid.
Slide Solution on
3-14 notes page SO 2 Explain the accrual basis of accounting.
The
The Basics
Basics of
of Adjusting
Adjusting Entries
Entries
Slide
3-15 SO 3 Explain the reasons for adjusting entries.
The
The Basics
Basics of
of Adjusting
Adjusting Entries
Entries
Slide
3-16 SO 3 Explain the reasons for adjusting entries.
The
The Basics
Basics of
of Adjusting
Adjusting Entries
Entries
Review
Jurnal
Adjusting
penyesuaian
entries(adjusting
are made entries)
to ensure
dibuat
that:untuk
memastikan :
a. expenses are recognized in the period in
a. Biaya
which(expenses)
they are incurred.
diakui dalam periode
terjadinya.
b. revenues are recorded in the period in which
b. Pendapatan
they are earned.
(revenues) dicatat dalam periode
dihimpun/ dihasilkan.
c. statement of financial position and income
c. Ketepatan
statementsaldo
accounts
akun-akun
have correct
Laporan
balances
Posisi at
Keuangan
the dan
end Laporan
of an accounting
Laba-Rugi
period.
pada akhir periode
akutansi.
d. all of the above.
d. Semua jawaban benar.
Slide Solution on
3-17 notes page SO 3 Explain the reasons for adjusting entries.
Types
Types of
of Adjusting
Adjusting Entries
Entries
Slide
3-19
Types
Types of
of Adjusting
Adjusting Entries
Entries
Illustration 3-3
Trial Balance –
Illustrations are
based on the
October 31, trial
balance of
Pioneer
Advertising
Agency Inc.
Slide
3-20 SO 4 Identify the major types of adjusting entries.
Types
Types of
of Adjusting
Adjusting Entries
Entries
OR
Slide
3-21 SO 5 Prepare adjusting entries for deferrals.
Adjusting
Adjusting Entries
Entries for
for “Prepaid
“Prepaid Expenses”
Expenses”
Slide
3-22 SO 5 Prepare adjusting entries for deferrals.
Adjusting
Adjusting Entries
Entries for
for “Prepaid
“Prepaid Expenses”
Expenses”
Slide
3-23 SO 5 Prepare adjusting entries for deferrals.
Adjusting
Adjusting Entries
Entries for
for “Prepaid
“Prepaid Expenses”
Expenses”
Slide
3-24 SO 5 Prepare adjusting entries for deferrals.
Adjusting
Adjusting Entries
Entries for
for “Prepaid
“Prepaid Expenses”
Expenses”
Illustration: Pioneer Advertising Agency membeli bahan habis
pakai (supplies) dengan kos $2,500 tangal 5 Oktober. Pioneer
mencatat pembayarannya dengan menambah (mendebit) akun aset
Advertising Supplies. Akun tersebut bersaldo $2,500 dalam daftar
saldo tanggal 31 Oktober. Perhitungan persediaan (inventory)
barang habis pakai saat tutup buku tanggal 31 Oktober
menunjukkan bahwa $1,000 barang habis pakai itu masih tersisa.
Slide
3-25 SO 5 Prepare adjusting entries for deferrals.
Adjusting
Adjusting Entries
Entries for
for “Prepaid
“Prepaid Expenses”
Expenses”
Illustration: Pada tanggal 4 Oktober, Pioneer Advertising Agency
membayar polis asuransi kebakaran untuk 1 tahun sebesar $600.
Cakupannya terhitung sejak tanggal 1 Oktober. Pioneer mencatat
pembayaran tersebut dengan menambah (mendebit) akun Prepaid
Insurance. Akun itu bersaldo $600 dalam daftar saldo tanggal 31
Oktober. Asuransi sebesar $50 ($600 / 12) expire tiap bulan.
Slide
3-26 SO 5 Prepare adjusting entries for deferrals.
Adjusting
Adjusting Entries
Entries for
for “Prepaid
“Prepaid Expenses”
Expenses”
Depresiasi
Bangunan, peralatan, dan kendaraan (aset jangka
panjang) dicatat sgb aset, bukan sbg biaya, pada
tahun pemerolehannya
Slide
3-27 SO 5 Prepare adjusting entries for deferrals.
Adjusting
Adjusting Entries
Entries for
for “Prepaid
“Prepaid Expenses”
Expenses”
Illustration: Pioneer Advertising mengestimasi depresiasi
peralatan kantor (office equipment) sebesar $480 per tahun, atau
$40 per bulan.
Illustration 3-7
Slide
3-28 SO 5 Prepare adjusting entries for deferrals.
Adjusting
Adjusting Entries
Entries for
for “Prepaid
“Prepaid Expenses”
Expenses”
Slide
3-29 SO 5 Prepare adjusting entries for deferrals.
Adjusting
Adjusting Entries
Entries for
for “Prepaid
“Prepaid Expenses”
Expenses”
Slide
3-30 SO 5 Prepare adjusting entries for deferrals.
Adjusting
Adjusting Entries
Entries for
for “Pendapatan
“Pendapatan Diterima
Diterima
Dimuka
Dimuka (Unearned
(Unearned Revenues)”
Revenues)”
Penerimaan kas (cash) yang dicatat sebagai kewajiban
(liability) karena pendapatan (revenue) belum
dilaksanakan.
Slide
3-31 SO 5 Prepare adjusting entries for deferrals.
Adjusting
Adjusting Entries
Entries for
for “Unearned
“Unearned Revenues”
Revenues”
Slide
3-32 SO 5 Prepare adjusting entries for deferrals.
Adjusting
Adjusting Entries
Entries for
for “Unearned
“Unearned Revenues”
Revenues”
Jurnal Penyesuaian untuk Pendapatan Diterima
Dimuka
Illustration 3-10
Slide
3-34 SO 5 Prepare adjusting entries for deferrals.
Adjusting
Adjusting Entries
Entries for
for “Unearned
“Unearned Revenues”
Revenues”
Summary
Illustration 3-12
Slide
3-35 SO 5 Prepare adjusting entries for deferrals.
Answer on
Slide
notes page SO 5
3-36
Types
Types of
of Adjusting
Adjusting Entries
Entries
OR
Slide
3-37 SO 6 Prepare adjusting entries for accruals.
Adjusting
Adjusting Entries
Entries for
for “Accrued
“Accrued Revenues”
Revenues”
Pendapatan yang sudah diperoleh (revenues earned) tapi
belum diterima pembayaran tunainya atau belum dicatat.
Slide
3-38 SO 6 Prepare adjusting entries for accruals.
Adjusting
Adjusting Entries
Entries for
for “Accrued
“Accrued Revenues”
Revenues”
Pendapatan Akrual
Penyesuaian pendapatan akrual dimaksudkan untuk:
Slide
3-39 SO 6 Prepare adjusting entries for accruals.
Adjusting
Adjusting Entries
Entries for
for “Accrued
“Accrued Revenues”
Revenues”
Jurnal Penyesuaian untuk Pendapatan Akrual
Illustration 3-13
Slide
3-40 SO 6 Prepare adjusting entries for accruals.
Adjusting
Adjusting Entries
Entries for
for “Accrued
“Accrued Revenues”
Revenues”
Illustration: Pada bulan Oktober Pioneer Advertising
Agency menghasilkan pendapatan iklan advertising
services $200 yang belum dicatat.
Illustration 3-14
Slide
3-41 SO 6 Prepare adjusting entries for accruals.
Adjusting
Adjusting Entries
Entries for
for “Accrued
“Accrued Revenues”
Revenues”
Summary
Illustration 3-15
Slide
3-42 SO 6 Prepare adjusting entries for accruals.
Adjusting
Adjusting Entries
Entries for
for “Accrued
“Accrued Expenses”
Expenses”
Biaya yang sudah terjadi (expenses incurred) tapi belum
dibayar atau belum dicatat.
Slide
3-43 SO 6 Prepare adjusting entries for accruals.
Adjusting
Adjusting Entries
Entries for
for “Accrued
“Accrued Expenses”
Expenses”
Biaya Akrual
Jurnal penyesuaian untuk biaya akrual dimaksudkan
untuk:
(1) Mencatat kewajiban yang timbul, dan
Slide
3-44 SO 6 Prepare adjusting entries for accruals.
Adjusting
Adjusting Entries
Entries for
for “Accrued
“Accrued Expenses”
Expenses”
Jurnal Penyesuaian untuk Biaya Akrual
Illustration 3-16
Slide
3-46 SO 6 Prepare adjusting entries for accruals.
Adjusting
Adjusting Entries
Entries for
for “Accrued
“Accrued Expenses”
Expenses”
Illustration: Pioneer Advertising Agency terakhir membayar gaji
(salary) pada tanggal 26 Oktober; pembayaran gaji berikutnya akan
dilakukan tanggal 9 November. Karyawan biasanya menerima gaji
sejumlah $2,000 selama seminggu dengan lima hari kerja, atau
$400 per hari. Oleh karena itu, gaji akrual (accrued salaries) pada
tanggal 31 Oktober sejumlah $1,200 ($400 x 3 days). Illustration 3-19
Slide
3-47 SO 6 Prepare adjusting entries for accruals.
Adjusting
Adjusting Entries
Entries for
for “Accrued
“Accrued Expenses”
Expenses”
Illustration: Pioneer Advertising Agency terakhir membayar gaji
(salary) pada tanggal 26 Oktober; pembayaran gaji berikutnya akan
dilakukan tanggal 9 November. Karyawan biasanya menerima gaji
sejumlah $2,000 selama seminggu dengan lima hari kerja, atau
$400 per hari. Oleh karena itu, gaji akrual (accrued salaries) pada
tanggal 31 Oktober sejumlah $1,200 ($400 x 3 days).
Slide
3-48 SO 6 Prepare adjusting entries for accruals.
Adjusting
Adjusting Entries
Entries for
for “Accrued
“Accrued Expenses”
Expenses”
Summary
Illustration 3-21
Slide
3-49 SO 6 Prepare adjusting entries for accruals.
The
The Adjusted
Adjusted Trial
Trial Balance
Balance
Slide
3-50 SO 7 Describe the nature and purpose of an adjusted trial balance.
The
The Adjusted
Adjusted Trial
Trial Balance
Balance
Illustration 3-24
Adjusted trial balance
Slide
3-51 SO 7
The
The Adjusted
Adjusted Trial
Trial Balance
Balance
Review Question
Manakah dari pernyataan-pernyataan berikut yang TIDAK
TEPAT mengenai
Which daftar saldo
of the following sesuaian?
statements is incorrect concerning
a. the adjusted
Daftar saldo trial balance?
sesuaian memeriksa kesamaan saldo debit
toal dengan
a. An saldotrial
adjusted kredit total proves
balance akun-akunthe buku besar
equality of the
setelah
totalsemua penyesuaian
debit balances and dilakukan.
the total credit balances in
b. Dafatrthesaldo
ledger after allmenjadi
sesuaian adjustments
basisare made.
utama untuk
menyusun Laporan
b. The adjusted Keuangan.
trial balance provides the primary basis
c. Daftarforsaldo
the preparation of financial
sesuaian mendaftar statements.
saldoo akun-akun yang
dikategorikan
c. The adjusted menjadi aset danlists
trial balance kewajiban.
the account balances
d. Daftarsegregated by assets
saldo sesuaian and liabilities.
disusun setelah penyesuaian
dijurnal
d. The dan dipindahbukukan.
adjusted trial balance is prepared after the
adjusting entries have been journalized and posted.
Slide
3-52 SO 7 Describe the nature and purpose of an adjusted trial balance.
Preparing
Preparing Financial
Financial Statements
Statements
Laporan
Laporan Keuangan
Keuangan(Financial
(FinancialStatement)
Statement)dapat
dapat disusun
disusun
secara
secaralangsung
langsungdari
dariDaftar
Daftar Saldo
SaldoSesuaian
Sesuaian(Adjusted
(Adjusted
Trial
TrialBalance).
Balance).
Laporan Laporan
Posisi Laporan Laba
Keuangan Laba-Rugi Ditahan
(Statement of (Income (Retained
Financial Statement) Earnings
Position) Statement)
Slide
3-53 SO 7 Describe the nature and purpose of an adjusted trial balance.
Preparing
Preparing Financial
Financial Statements
Statements
Illustration
3-25
Menyiapkan
Laporan
Laba-Rugi
dan Laporan
Laba
Ditahan dari
Daftar Saldo
Sesuaian
(adjusted
trial balance)
Slide
3-54 SO 7
Preparing
Preparing Financial
Financial Statements
Statements
Illustration 3-26
Slide
3-55 SO 7
Understanding
Understanding U.S.
U.S. GAAP
GAAP
Slide
3-56
Understanding
Understanding U.S.
U.S. GAAP
GAAP
Slide
3-57
Understanding
Understanding U.S.
U.S. GAAP
GAAP
Slide
3-58
Understanding
Understanding U.S.
U.S. GAAP
GAAP
Illustration 3A-1
Slide
3-61 SO 8 Prepare adjusting entries for the alternative treatment of deferrals.
Alternative
Alternative Treatment
Treatment for
for “Prepaid
“Prepaid Expenses”
Expenses”
Slide
3-62 SO 8 Prepare adjusting entries for the alternative treatment of deferrals.
Alternative
Alternative Treatment
Treatment for
for “Unearned
“Unearned Revenues”
Revenues”
Slide
3-63 SO 8 Prepare adjusting entries for the alternative treatment of deferrals.
Alternative
Alternative Treatment
Treatment for
for “Unearned
“Unearned Revenues”
Revenues”
Slide
3-64 SO 8 Prepare adjusting entries for the alternative treatment of deferrals.
Summary
Summary of
of Additional
Additional Adjustment
Adjustment Relationships
Relationships
Illustration 3A-7
Slide
3-65 SO 8 Prepare adjusting entries for the alternative treatment of deferrals.
Copyright
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Slide
3-66