STABILITAS LEMPUNG DITINJAU DARI NILAI CBR DAN KUAT TEKAN BEBAS (UNCONFINED
COMPRESSION TEST)
ABSTRAK
Stabilisasi merupakan salah satu usaha dalam memperbaiki kondisi tanah yang memiliki indeks
properties yang kurang baik. Salah satu stabilisasi tanah yang biasa dilakukan yaitu dengan menambahkan
bahan kimia pada tanah. Bahan kimia yang biasa digunakan berupa semen, kapur, bitumen. Dalam penelitian ini
stabilisasi tanah lempung dilakukan dengan penambahan gipsum dan abu gunung vulkanik. Tujuan penelitian
ini adalah untuk mengetahui nilai index properties akibat penambahan 2% gipsum dan abu gunung vulkanik
pada tanah lempung, kemudian untuk mengetahui nilai kuat tekan maksimum akibat adanya penambahan variasi
bahan stabilisasi dengan pengujian Unconfined Compression Test (UCT) dan pengujian California Bearing
Ratio (CBR) laboratorium. Batas cair 46,82% dan indeks plastisitas 29,40%. Klasifikasi tanah asli menurut
USCS tergolong Clay – Low Plasticity (CL) dan menurut AASHTO tergolong A-7-6 (10). Nilai UCT tanah asli
dan tanah asli ditambah 2% gipsum adalah 1,40 kg/cm2 dan 1,66 kg/cm2. Nilai CBR laboratorium terendam
(soaked) dan tidak terendam (unsoaked) untuk tanah asli adalah 4,44% dan 6,28%. Sedangkan nilai CBR
laboratorium terendam (soaked) dan tidak terendam (unsoaked) untuk tanah asli ditambah 2% gipsum adalah
6,74% dan 8,02%. Hasil yang paling efektif diperoleh dari campuran 2% gipsum dan 10% abu gunung vulkanik
yaitu dengan nilai UCT 2,79 kg/cm2. Untuk pengujian CBR laboratorium campuran paling efektif pada variasi
campuran 2% gipsum dan 9% abu gunung vulkanik dengan nilai CBR laboratorium terendam (soaked) dan
tidak terendam (unsoaked) sebesar 9,07% dan 10,29%.Tanah yang telah dicampur material stabilisator yang
paling efektif yaitu 2% gipsum dan 9% abu gunung vulkanik termasuk dalam jenis CL berdasarkan klasifikasi
USCS dan tergolong A-6 (4) berdasarkan klasifikasi AASHTO.
Kata Kunci : Lempung, Gipsum, Abu gunung vulkanik, Kuat tekan bebas, California bearing ratio
ABSTRACT
The soil stabilization is an effort in improving soil conditions that have a bad index properties. One of
the usual soil stabilization is adding chemicals to the soil. Chemicals commonly used in the form of cement,
lime, bitumen. In this research the stabilization of clay is done by adding of gypsum and volcanic ash. The
purpose of this reseach was to find out the value of index properties due to the addition of 2% gypsum and
volcanic ash on clay. Then to get information the value of maximum compressive strength by using Unconfined
Compression Test (UCT) and CBR laboratory due to the addition of variation of stabilization material. The
original soil had liquid limit of 46.82%; and plasticity index of 29.40%. The soil are classified as Clay – Low
Plasticity (CL) based on USCS and was classified as A-7-6 (10) based on AASHTO classification system. The
value of UCT of original soil and of original soil plus 2% gypsum were 1.40 kg/cm 2 and 1.66 kg/cm2
respectively. The CBR soaked and unsoaked values of original soil were 4.44% and 6.28% correspondingly.
Meanwhile, CBR soaked and CBR unsoaked values of original soil plus 2% gypsum were 6.74% and 8.02%
respectively. The UCT result from the stabilized soil by 2% gypsum and 10% volcanic ash gave value of 2.79
kg/cm2 (increase 99.28% from original soil). For CBR test, the most effective mixture is in variation of 2%
gypsum and 9% volcanic ash with gave value of 9.07% (increase 104.27% from original soil) for CBR soaked
and 10.29% (increase 63.85% from original soil) for CBR unsoaked. The stabilized soil with 2% gypsum and
9% volcanic ash was classified as CL based on USCS and classified as A-6 (4) based on AASHTO classification
system.