BAB V

KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN

V.1 Kesimpulan

Pemeriksaan CRP hanya bermakna pada kelompok umur 41-90 tahun,

terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara peningkatan CRP dengan laju
pernapasan pada pasien COVID-19, dan terdapat hubungan yang bermakna
antara peningkatan CRP dengan LED pada pasien COVID-19.

V.2 Saran

V.2.1 Bagi Tenaga Kesehatan dan Lembaga Kesehatan

Saat ini penyakit COVID-19 masih menjadi pandemi dan

merupakan penyakit yang cukup mengancam nyawa. Oleh sebab itu,
disarankan bagi para tenaga kesehatan untuk memberikan edukasi yang
baik dan cukup dimengerti kepada masyarakat tentang bagaimana cara
menghindari dan menanggulangi COVID-19 dengan benar dengan
harapan dapat mengurangi angka positif pasien COVID-19 di
kemudian harinya.

V.2.2 Bagi Pasien dan Keluarga Pasien

Penyakit COVID-19 merupakan penyakit yang cukup

berbahaya, dan merupakan penyakit dengan penularan melalui
droplet sehingga penyakit ini merupakan penyakit yang sangat
infeksius. Dihimbau untuk pasien COVID-19 agar melakukan isolasi
mandiri agar dapat menghindari transmisi penyakit lebih jauh. Selain
itu, disarankan juga untuk pasien untuk segera datang ke rumah sakit
dan melakukan pemeriksaan jika gejala pasien mengalami
perburukan.

V.2.3 Bagi Masyarakat

Penyakit COVID-19 merupakan penyakit yang sangat mudah

menular. Disarankan untuk masyarakat agar melakukan tindakan 5M
(Mencuci tangan, Memakai masker, Menjaga jarak, Menjauhi
kerumunan, Mengurangi mobilitas) dengan rutin untuk menghindari

55
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diri penyakit. Jika terdapat gejala infeksi saluran pernafasan,

diharapkan untuk segera melakukan pemeriksaan di rumah sakit atau
puskesmas terdekat untuk dapat menegakan diagnosis lebih cepat dan
menghindari komplikasi lanjutan.

V.2.3 Bagi Peneliti Selanjutnya

Peneliti selanjutnya dapat melakukan penelitian lebih lanjut

dalam aspek kuantitas maupun kualitas. Dalam aspek kuantitas
artinya penelitian dapat melibatkan jumlah sampel yang lebih besar
mengingat penyakit COVID-19 sampai saat ini masih mengalami
pertambahan kasus dalam setiap harinya. Secara kualitas, peneliti
dapat mendapatkan hasil penelitian yang lebih optimal. Hal itu dapat
dilakukan dengan cara meneliti kadar CRP dan LED secara berkala
untuk mengetahui progesivitas dari penyakit pasien dan mendapatkan
hubungan yang lebih spesifik terhadap hasil pemeriksaan CRP dan
LED terhadap keadaan klinis pasien, dan juga mendapatkan data
mengenai penyakit penyerta dan komorbiditas dari pasien untuk
mengurangi bias dari penelitian CRP dan LED yang merupakan
marker inflamasi non spesifik. Selain itu, sebaiknya dimasukan
kriteria eksklusi berupa faktor perancau yang dapat meningkatkan
konsentrasi CRP dan LED seperti kondisi autoimun, reaksi
hipersensitivitas, dan kondisi inflamasi kronis maupun akut.
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BIODATA MAHASISWA

BIMBINGAN SKRIPSI FK UKI TAHUN AKADEMIK 2019-2020

NAMA MAHASISWA : Sarah Amira Oktaria

NIM MAHASISWA : 1716050060

TEMPAT/TANGGAL LAHIR : Jakarta, 19 Oktober 1999

RIWAYAT PENDIDIKAN

1. SD : SD Negeri Cipinang Melayu 03 Pagi

2. SLTP : SMP Negeri 255 Jakarta

3. SLTA : SMA Negeri 81 Jakarta

4. UNIVERSITAS : Universitas Kristen Indonesia

JUDUL SKRIPSI:

KORELASI HASIL PEMERIKSAAN C-REACTIVE PROTEIN DAN LAJU

ENDAP DARAH PADA PASIEN POSITIF COVID-19

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Lampiran 1: Surat Kaji Etik

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Lampiran 2: Surat Izin Rumah Sakit

Lampiran 3

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Crosstabs dan diagram antara PCR dengan usia pada semua kelompok umur

Kelompok Umur * PCR Crosstabulation

PCR
Negatif Positif Total
Kelompok Umur 0-10 Count 1 0 1
% of Total 1.5% 0.0% 1.5%
11-20 Count 1 0 1
% of Total 1.5% 0.0% 1.5%
21-30 Count 2 3 5
% of Total 3.1% 4.6% 7.7%
31-40 Count 6 8 14
% of Total 9.2% 12.3% 21.5%
41-50 Count 9 11 20
% of Total 13.8% 16.9% 30.8%
51-60 Count 6 8 14
% of Total 9.2% 12.3% 21.5%
61-70 Count 1 6 7
% of Total 1.5% 9.2% 10.8%
71-80 Count 1 1 2
% of Total 1.5% 1.5% 3.1%
81-90 Count 1 0 1
% of Total 1.5% 0.0% 1.5%
Total Count 28 37 65
% of Total 43.1% 56.9% 100.0%

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Lampiran 4
Crosstabs dan diagram antara PCR dengan usia pada semua kelompok usia
1-40 tahun

Umur * PCR Crosstabulation

PCR
Negatif Positif Total
Umur 1-10 Count 1 0 1
% of Total 4.8% 0.0% 4.8%
11-20 Count 1 0 1
% of Total 4.8% 0.0% 4.8%
21-30 Count 2 3 5
% of Total 9.5% 14.3% 23.8%
31-40 Count 6 8 14
% of Total 28.6% 38.1% 66.7%
Total Count 10 11 21
% of Total 47.6% 52.4% 100.0%

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Lampiran 5

Crosstabs dan diagram antara umur dengan hasil PCR pada kelompok umur 41-90
tahun

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Kelompok Umur * PCR Crosstabulation

PCR
Negatif Positif Total
Kelompok Umur 41-50 Count 9 11 20
% of Total 20.5% 25.0% 45.5%
51-60 Count 6 8 14
% of Total 13.6% 18.2% 31.8%
61-70 Count 1 6 7
% of Total 2.3% 13.6% 15.9%
71-80 Count 1 1 2
% of Total 2.3% 2.3% 4.5%
81-90 Count 1 0 1
% of Total 2.3% 0.0% 2.3%
Total Count 18 26 44
% of Total 40.9% 59.1% 100.0%

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Lampiran 6

Crosstabs dan diagram antara jenis kelamin dengan hasil PCR pada kelompok
umur 1-40 tahun

Jenis Kelamin * PCR Crosstabulation

PCR
Negatif Positif Total
Jenis Kelamin L Count 8 15 23
% of Total 18.2% 34.1% 52.3%
P Count 10 11 21
% of Total 22.7% 25.0% 47.7%
Total Count 18 26 44
% of Total 40.9% 59.1% 100.0%

Lampiran 7

Crosstabs, korelasi, dan diagram hasil pemeriksaan PCR dengan CRP pada
kelompok umur 1-40 tahun

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KelCRP * PCR Crosstabulation

PCR
Negatif Positif Total
KelCRP 1 Count 8 10 18
% of Total 38.1% 47.6% 85.7%
2 Count 2 1 3
% of Total 9.5% 4.8% 14.3%
Total Count 10 11 21
% of Total 47.6% 52.4% 100.0%

Correlations
CRP KodePCR
Spearman's rho CRP Correlation Coefficient 1.000 -.095
Sig. (2-tailed) . .682
N 21 21
KodePCR Correlation Coefficient -.095 1.000
Sig. (2-tailed) .682 .
N 21 21

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Lampiran 8

Crosstabs, korelasi, dan diagram hasil pemeriksaan PCR dengan CRP pada
kelompok umur 1-40 tahun

KelCRP * PCR Crosstabulation

PCR
Negatif Positif Total
KelCRP Normal Count 11 10 21
% of Total 25.0% 22.7% 47.7%
Tinggi Count 7 16 23
% of Total 15.9% 36.4% 52.3%
Total Count 18 26 44
% of Total 40.9% 59.1% 100.0%

Correlations
Kode PCR CRP
Spearman's rho Kode PCR Correlation Coefficient 1.000 .311*
Sig. (2-tailed) . .040
N 44 44
CRP Correlation Coefficient .311* 1.000
Sig. (2-tailed) .040 .
N 44 44
*. Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed).

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LED * PCR Crosstabulation

PCR
Negatif Positif Total
LED 1 Count 4 8 12
% of Total 19.0% 38.1% 57.1%
2 Count 6 3 9
% of Total 28.6% 14.3% 42.9%
Total Count 10 11 21
% of Total 47.6% 52.4% 100.0%

Lampiran 9

Hasil crosstabs, korelasi, dan diagram hasil pemeriksaan PCR dengan LED pada
kelompok umur 1-40 tahun.

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Correlations
KodePCR LED
Spearman's rho KodePCR Correlation Coefficient 1.000 -.277
Sig. (2-tailed) . .224
N 21 21
LED Correlation Coefficient -.277 1.000
Sig. (2-tailed) .224 .
N 21 21

Lampiran 10

Hasil crosstabs, korelasi, dan diagram hasil pemeriksaan PCR dengan LED pada
kelompok umur 41-90 tahun.

KelLED * PCR Crosstabulation

PCR
Negatif Positif Total
KelLED Normal Count 4 4 8
% of Total 9.1% 9.1% 18.2%
Tinggi Count 14 22 36
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% of Total 31.8% 50.0% 81.8%
Total Count 18 26 44
% of Total 40.9% 59.1% 100.0%
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Correlations
Kode PCR Kelompok LED
Kode PCR Pearson Correlation 1 .206
Sig. (2-tailed) .180
N 44 44
Kelompok LED Pearson Correlation .206 1
Sig. (2-tailed) .180
N 44 44

Lampiran 11

Hasil crosstabs, korelasi, dan diagram antara CRP dengan frekuensi pernapasan

KelRR * KelCRP Crosstabulation

KelCRP
Normal Tinggi Total
KelRR Normal Count 17 9 26

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% of Total 45.9% 24.3% 70.3%

Tinggi Count 3 8 11
% of Total 8.1% 21.6% 29.7%
Total Count 20 17 37
% of Total 54.1% 45.9% 100.0%

Correlations
CRP KelRR
Spearman's rho CRP Correlation Coefficient 1.000 .366*
Sig. (2-tailed) . .026
N 37 37
*
KelRR Correlation Coefficient .366 1.000
Sig. (2-tailed) .026 .
N 37 37
*. Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed).

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Lampiran 12

Hasil crosstabs, korelasi, dan diagram antara LED dengan frekuensi pernapasan

KelRR * KelLED Crosstabulation

KelLED
Normal Tinggi Total
KelRR Normal Count 8 18 26
% of Total 21.6% 48.6% 70.3%
Tinggi Count 4 7 11
% of Total 10.8% 18.9% 29.7%
Total Count 12 25 37
% of Total 32.4% 67.6% 100.0%

Correlations
Kelompok LED KelRR
Spearman's rho Kelompok LED Correlation Coefficient 1.000 .055
Sig. (2-tailed) . .744
N 37 37
KelRR Correlation Coefficient .055 1.000
Sig. (2-tailed) .744 .
N 37 37

Lampiran 13

Hasil crosstabs, korelasi, dan diagram antara CRP dengan suhu tubuh

Suhu * CRP Crosstabulation

Count
CRP
Normal Tinggi Total
Suhu Normal 9 13 22
Tinggi 5 10 15

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Total 14 23 37

Correlations
CRP HR
CRP Pearson Correlation 1 -.061
Sig. (2-tailed) .721
N 37 37
HR Pearson Correlation -.061 1
Sig. (2-tailed) .721
N 37 37

Lampiran 14

Hasil crosstabs, korelasi, dan diagram LED dengan suhu tubuh

KelSuhu * KelLED Crosstabulation

KelLED
Normal Tinggi Total
KelSuhu Normal Count 7 15 22
% of Total 18.9% 40.5% 59.5%
Tinggi Count 5 10 15
% of Total 13.5% 27.0% 40.5%
Total Count 12 25 37

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% of Total 32.4% 67.6% 100.0%

Correlations
Kelompok LED Suhu
Kelompok LED Pearson Correlation 1 -.354*
Sig. (2-tailed) .032
N 37 37
*
Suhu Pearson Correlation -.354 1
Sig. (2-tailed) .032
N 37 37
*. Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed).

Lampiran 15

Hasil crosstabs, korelasi, dan diagram CRP dengan frekuensi nadi

KelHR * KelLED Crosstabulation

KelLED
Normal Tinggi Total
KelHR Normal Count 8 16 24
% of Total 21.6% 43.2% 64.9%
Takikardia Count 4 9 13
% of Total 10.8% 24.3% 35.1%
Total Count 12 25 37
% of Total 32.4% 67.6% 100.0%

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Correlations
CRP HR
CRP Pearson Correlation 1 -.061
Sig. (2-tailed) .721
N 37 37
HR Pearson Correlation -.061 1
Sig. (2-tailed) .721
N 37 37

Lampiran 16

Hasil crosstabs, korelasi, dan diagram LED dengan frekuensi nadi

KelHR * KelLED Crosstabulation

KelLED
Normal Tinggi Total
KelHR Normal Count 8 16 24
% of Total 21.6% 43.2% 64.9%
Takikardia Count 4 9 13
% of Total 10.8% 24.3% 35.1%
Total Count 12 25 37
% of Total 32.4% 67.6% Universitas
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Correlations
Kelompok LED KelHR
Spearman's rho Kelompok LED Correlation Coefficient 1.000 -.098
Sig. (2-tailed) . .563
N 37 37
KelHR Correlation Coefficient -.098 1.000
Sig. (2-tailed) .563 .
N 37 37

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Lampiran 17

Hasil crosstabs, korelasi, dan diagram antara CRP dan LED.

LED * CRP Crosstabulation

CRP
Normal Tinggi Total
LED Normal Count 8 4 12
% of Total 21.6% 10.8% 32.4%
Tinggi Count 6 19 25
% of Total 16.2% 51.4% 67.6%
Total Count 14 23 37
% of Total 37.8% 62.2% 100.0%

Correlations
Kelompok LED CRP
Spearman's rho Kelompok LED Correlation Coefficient 1.000 .557**
Sig. (2-tailed) . .000
N 37 37
**
CRP Correlation Coefficient .557 1.000
Sig. (2-tailed) .000 .
N 37 37
**. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).

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Lampiran 18

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