PERENCANAAN KUDA-KUDA
3.1 Perencanaan Penampang Batang
Perencanaan Rafter
Profil double siku (2L 100.100.13)
Properties Penampang siku
h := 100 mm Mutu Baja = BJ55
b := 100 mm kg
Fu := 5500
2
t := 13 mm cm
T := 9 mm kg
2 Fy := 4100
A := 48.62 cm 2
cm
4
Ix := 440 cm
4 kg
Iy := 998.75 cm E := 2000000
2
cm
rx := 3.01 cm
ry := 4.53 cm kg
G := 77.2 104
3 2
Sx := 62.32 cm cm
3
Sy := 95.57 cm
tp := 1 cm (Tebal Pelat Penyambung)
m := 2
cx := 2.94 cm
cy := 2.94 cm
b E
Rasio := λr := 0.65 (SNI 1729:2020 hal 16,
t Fy tabel B4.1a, poin 1)
karena 7.692 < 14.356 maka sayap profil termasuk elemen non langsing
- Untuk Badan
b E
Rasio := λr := 0.45 (SNI 1729:2020 hal 16,
t Fy tabel B4.1a, poin 3)
karena 7.692 < 9.939 maka badan profil termasuk elemen non langsing
ϕt := 0.9 ( DFBT )
ϕPn := ϕt Fy Ag
ϕt := 0.75 ( DFBT )
Jadi,
ϕPn > Pu
ϕPn = ϕ x Fcr x Ag
ϕ := 0.9 ( DFBT )
Lc E Fy/Fe
· Bila 4.71 maka, Fcr = (0.658 ) Fy
r Fy
( Persamaan E3-2
Lc E dan E3-3,
· Bila > 4.71 maka, Fcr = 0.877 Fe SNI 1729:2020
r Fy Halaman 34 )
1 2
Ix IyG := 2Iy + A cx + tp
rxG := 2
Ag
4
IyG = 3.148 103 cm
rxG = 2.127 cm
IyG
ryG :=
Ag
ryG = 5.69 cm
Untuk nilai Fe :
2
π E
Fe := Fe = 4.583 103 MPa
2
Lc
r
Sehingga :
Lc E
= 65.627 dan 4.71 = 104.026
r Fy
Lc E
Jika < 4.71
r Fy
maka komponen struktur mengalami tekuk tidak elastis
Fy
Fe
Fcr := 0.658 Fy
ϕPn := ϕ Fcr Ag
Jadi,
ϕPn > Pu
Lc E Fy/Fe
· Bila 4.71 maka, Fcr = (0.658 ) Fy
r Fy
( Persamaan E3-2
dan E3-3,
Lc E
· Bila > 4.71 maka, Fcr = 0.877 Fe SNI 1729:2020
r Fy Halaman 34 )
2
IyG := 2Iy + A cx + tp
1
Ix
rxG := 2
Ag
4
IyG = 3.148 103 cm
rxG = 2.127 cm
IyG
ryG :=
Ag
ryG = 5.69 cm
Untuk nilai Fe :
2
π E
Fe := Fe = 4.583 103 MPa
2
Lc
r
Sehingga :
Lc E
= 65.627 dan 4.71 = 104.026
r Fy
Lc E
Jika < 4.71
r Fy
maka komponen struktur mengalami tekuk tidak elastis
Sehingga :
h' := 9.35 cm
h0 := 8.7 cm
b := 15.0 cm
kg
G := 77.2 104
2
Lcz := K L cm Lcz = 139.6
2
Iy h'
Cw := Cw = 2.183 104
4
( ) ( )
J :=
1
( 2 t3 b) + ( t3 h0) J = 2.834 104
3
π2 E Cw 1
Fe := + G J Fe = 1.522 107
Ix + Iy
2
Lcz cm
Untuk nilai Fcr :
6
cm
Fy
Fe 4
Fcr := 0.658 Fy cm
ϕPn := ϕ Fcr Ag
Jadi,
ϕPn > Pu
kg
qco := qc z = 6.981
m
Berat penyambung
Bp := 5% (PPIUG 1983 Bab 3 Pasal 3.4 Hal 19)
lk := 1.5 m
π
α := 10
180
Mox := 1 P cos ( α) lk
4 Mox = 36.93 kg m
Moy := 1 P sin ( α) lk
4 Moy = 6.512 kg m
α := 10
c1 := ( 0.02α - 0.4) (PPIUG Bab 4 pasal 4.3 ayat 1b Hal 23)
c1 = -0.2
Tekanan Angin (Pa)
kg
qa1 := c1 Pa = -1.468
2
m
kg
qa1 = 7.34
2
m
Angin Hisap
Tekanan Angin (Pa)
c2 := 0.4 (PPIUG Bab 4 pasal 4.3 ayat 1b Hal 23)
kg
Pa = 7.34
2
m
qa2 := c2 Pa
kg
qa2 = 2.936
2
m
Diambil nilai Tekanan Angin Max
kg
qa := 7.34
2
m
qw := qa z
kg
qw = 5.124
m
π
α := 10
180
Berdasarkan PPIUG bab 3 pasal 3.2 ayat 2a nilai beban tidak perlu
diambil lebih besar dari 20 kg/m2, maka
kg π
qh := 20 α := 10
2 180
m
qr := qh z
kg
qr = 13.962
2
m
lk := 1.5 m
4.1.5 Kombinasi Pembebanan (Pasal 2 ayat 2.3.1 SNI 1727:2020 halaman 13)
Arah Xmati + (Beban orang atau Hujan) + Beban Angin
Beban
Mux1 := 1.4 Mdx Mux1 = 4.825 kg m
Mux2 := 1.2 Mdx + 1.6 Mox + 0.5 Mrx Mux2 = 65.158 kg m
Mux3 := 1.2 Mdx + 1.6 Mrx + 0.5Mwx Mux3 = 11.033 kg m
Mux4 := 1.2Mdx + 1.0 Mwx + 1.0Mox + 0.5Mrx Mux4 = 44.419 kg m
Mux5 := 0.9Mdx + 1.0Mwx Mux5 = 4.521 kg m
Mux := Mux2 Mux = 65.158 kg m
Arah Y
Muy1 := 1.4 Mdy Muy1 = 0.851 kg m
Muy2 := 1.2Mdy + 1.6Moy + 0.5Mry Muy2 = 11.489 kg m
Muy3 := 1.2Mdy + 1.6Mry + 0.5Mwy Muy3 = 1.82 kg m
Muy4 := 1.2Mdy + 1.0Mwy + 1.0Moy + 0.5Mry Muy4 = 7.582 kg m
Muy5 := 0.9Mdy + 1.0Mwy Muy5 = 0.547 kg m
Muy := Muy2 Muy = 11.489 kg m
h := 100 mm
Mutu Baja = BJ55
b := 50 mm
kg
c := 20 mm Fu := 5500
2
cm
t := 2.3 mm
2
A := 5.17 cm kg
Fy := 4100
4 2
Ix := 81 cm cm
4
Iy := 19 cm kg
3 E := 2000000
Zx := 16.1 cm 2
cm
3
Zy := 6 cm
kg
rx := 3.95 cm G := 77.2 104
2
cm
ry := 1.92 cm
Cx := 0 cm
Cy := 1.86 cm
Sx := 4.46 cm
Sy := 0 cm
1. Kondisi Leleh
3
Zx = 16.1 cm
3
Zy = 6 cm
kg
Fy = 4100
2
cm
Mnx := Fy Zx
Mny := Fy Zy
h t
h0 := -2 = 9.54 cm
10 10
E
Lp := 1.76 ry Lp = 74.634 cm
Fy
2
Iy h' 6
Cw := Cw = 453.401 cm
4
h0 Iy
C := C = 0.976 (Pasal F2 ayat 2 SNI
2 Cw 1729:2020 Halaman 47)
Iy Cw 2
rts := rts = 4.562 cm
Sx
1 t b t 3
3
J := 2 + h0 = 4
0.079 cm
3 10 10 10
2 2
E J C + 6.67 0.7 Fy
+
J C
Lr := 1.95 rts
0.7 Fy Sx h0 Sx h0 E
Lr = 478.048 cm (Pasal F2 ayat 2 SNI 1729:2020 Halaman 47)
Mn := Cb Mp - ( Mp - 0.7 Fy S)
Lb - Lp Mp
Lr - Lp
12.5 Mmaks
Cb := (Pasal F1 SNI
2.5Mmaks + 3MA + 4MB + 3MC 1729:2020
Halaman 45)
· Jika Lb > Lr
,
Mn := Fcr Sx Mp
2 2
Cb π E Lb
J c
Fcr := 1 + 0.078
Lb
2 Sx ho rts
rts
J :=
1
( 2 t3 b) + ( t3 h0)
3
Jadi,
Lb = 1.5 cm
Lp = 74.634 cm
Lr = 478.048 cm
Lb Lb Lr sehingga :
Faktor Tekuk Torsi Lateral (Cb)
12.5 Mmaks
Cb :=
2.5Mmaks + 3MA + 4MB + 3MC
1
12.5 w I
2
Cb :=
8
1 1 2
+ 3 w I + 4 w I + 3 w I
3 3
2.5 w I
2 2 2
8 32 8 32
Cb Cb Cb := 1.136
cek :
ϕ := 0.9 ( DFBT )
Mnx := ϕ Mnx
Mny := ϕ Mny
Mny = 2.734 104
Muy := 11.489 100
Pemeriksaan Kekuatan
Mux + Muy =
0.162
ϕ Mpx ϕ Mpy
Mux + Muy
1
ϕ Mpx ϕ Mpy
0.162 1 ....OK
π
α := 10 L := 1.5
180
kg
qd = 12.444 E := 2 1010
m
kg
qr = 13.962
m Ix := 8.1 10- 7
kg
qw = 5.124 Iy := 1.9 10- 7
m
q := qd + qr + qw
kg
q = 31.53
m m
P = 100 kg kg
2
m
Lendutan yang terjadi di sumbu X
4
m
4 3
0.05 q L cos ( α) P L cos ( α)
δx := + 4
348 E Ix 192 E Ix m
δx = 1.083 10- 4 m
4 3
0.05 q L sin ( α) P L sin ( α)
δy := +
348 E Iy 384 E Iy
δy = 4.121 10- 5 m
2 2
δ := δx + δy
δ = 1.158 10- 4 m
Lendutan Izin
L = 1.5 m
L
δ :=
300
δ = 5 10- 3
δδ
1.158 10
- 4 5 10- 3 OK