Menghitung neraca panas heat exchanger sebelum memasuki dryer

tank pada industri minyak kelapa sawit dengan feed Crude Palm Oil yang
masuk sebesar 10000 kg dan tidak terjadi perubahan suhu pada steam.

Steam

200
10000 Kg

CPO CPO

46 110

Steam

200

Gambar Skema Alat Heat Exchanger

Tabel Komponen feed
Kandungan Komposisi
CPO 70%
Air 30%

Tabel Komponen CPO

Kandungan Mr Komposisi
Asam Miristat 228 1,40%
Asam Palmiat 256 44%
Asam Stearat 284 3,60%
Asam Oleat 282 42%
Asam Linoleat 280 9%
Total 100,00%
 Perhitungan Massa pada Feed
CPO = 70 % × Feed
= 70 % × 10000 kg/jam
= 7000 kg/jam
Air = 30 % × Feed
= 30 % × 10000 kg/jam
= 3000 kg/jam
 Perhitung Massa Komponen CPO
Asam Miristat = 1,40 % × Massa CPO
= 1,40 % × 7000 kg/jam
= 98 kg/jam
Asam Palmitat = 44 % × Massa CPO
= 44 % × 7000 kg/jam
= 3080 kg/jam
Asam Stearat = 3,60 % × Massa CPO
= 3,60 % × 7000 kg/jam
= 252 kg/jam
Asam Oleat = 42 % × Massa CPO
= 42 % × 7000 kg/jam
= 2940 kg/jam
Asam Linoleat = 9 % × Massa CPO
= 9 % × 7000 kg/jam
= 630 kg/jam
Tabel Hasil perhitungan massa komponen CPO
Kandungan Komposisi Massa (Kg/jam)
Asam Miristat 1,40% 98
Asam Palmiat 44% 3080
Asam Stearat 3,60% 252
Asam Oleat 42% 2940
Asam Linoleat 9% 630
Total 100,00% 7000
  Perhitungan Heat Capaciy (cp) komponen CPO
Berdasarkan Chemical Properties Handbook by Carl L. Yaws
Tabel Heat Capacity pada suhu 319,15 K
Kandungan (g) A B B D Cp (J/mol K) J/g.K
Asam Miristat 80,266 2,8162 -0,00601 5,1299E-06 533,6579264 2,340604941
Asam Palmiat 86,29 3,57237 -0,0073217 6,1001E-06 678,9469663 2,652136587
Asam Stearat 99,012 3,5874 -0,0072484 5,9035E-06 697,5408998 2,456129929
Asam Oleat 278,686 2,5434 -0,0054355 0,000004924 696,8371842 2,471053845
Asam Linoleat 241,348 2,3065 -0,0050663 4,7468E-06 615,7377092 2,199063247
Air 92,1 -0,04 -0,000211 0,000000535 75,2337831 4,179654617
Cp feed : 16,2986 KJ/Kg.K
Tabel Heat Capacity pada suhu 383,15 K
Kandungan (g) A B B D E Cp (J/mol K) J/g.K
Asam Miristat 80,266 2,8162 -0,00601 5,1299E-06 - 565,5476755 2,480472
Asam Palmiat 86,29 3,57237 -0,0073217 6,1001E-06 - 678,9469663 2,652137
Asam Stearat 99,012 3,5874 -0,0072484 5,9035E-06 - 697,5408998 2,45613
Asam Oleat 278,686 2,5434 -0,0054355 0,000004924 - 696,8371842 2,471054
Asam Linoleat 241,348 2,3065 -0,0050663 4,7468E-06 - 615,7377092 2,199063
- 3,69E-
Air 32,83051924
33,933 0,00842 0,000029906 -1,7825E-08 12 1,823918
Cp produk : 14,028 KJ/Kg.K
 Perhitungan kalor dan massa steam
λ = 2793,2 – 852,45 KJ/Kg Cp steam = 1,93202
λ = 1940,75 KJ/Kg
Qsupply = msteam . λ
Qsupply = 1940,75x msteam.
Asume : Qloss = 5% Qsupply
Qloss = 5% . Qsupply
= 5% x 1940,75 msteam
= 97,0375 msteam.
 Menghitung ΔHin dan Δhout
Treference = 25℃
ΔHin = m x Cp x ΔT
= 10000 x 16,2986 x (319,15-298,15)
= 3422715,06 KJ
ΔHout = m x Cp x ΔT
= 10000 x 14,028 x (383,15-298,15)
= 11970358 KJ
Neraca Panas Overall :
Akumulasi = ΔHin + Qsupply - ΔHout – Qloss + ΔHreaksi
Asumsi,
 Steady state maka akumulasi = 0 ;
 Tidak terjadi reaksi, ΔHreaksi = 0
Sehingga neraca panas overall menjadi,
Akumulasi = ΔHin + Qsupply - ΔHout – Qloss + ΔHreaksi
0 = ΔHin + Qsupply - ΔHout – Qloss + 0
ΔHin + Qsupply = ΔHout + Qloss
3422715,06 + 1940,75 Ms = 11970358 + 97,0375 Ms
Ms = 4636,103 Kg
Maka,
Qsupply = 1940,75 x msteam. Qloss = 97,0375 msteam.
Qsupply = 8997518,42 KJ Qloss = 449875,92 KJ

Tabel Neraca Panas Overall dari Heat Exchanger

Neraca panas total

ΔHin (KJ) ΔHout (KJ)

ΔH 3422715,06 ΔH 11970358

Qsupply 8997518,42 Qloss 449875,92

Total 12420233,5 Total 12420233