3.1 Refrigerator
3.1.1 Flowchart Praktikum
Mulai
Pengecekan
komponen
Pengambilan data
NO
Pengecekan
ulang data
YES
Pengolahan data
A
A
Analisa
Hasil
pengamatan
Selesai
3.1.4 Perhitungan
Data Blade Kondensor
Db = 36 cm = 0.36 m
Dh = 10 cm = 0.1 m
𝐴𝑏 = 0,102 𝑚2
𝐴𝑖ℎ = 0.0079 𝑚2
1. Luas Penampang
Kondensor
𝐴𝑒 𝑘𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑜𝑟 = 𝐴𝑏 − 𝐴𝑖ℎ
= 0.102 𝑚2 − 0.079𝑚2
= 0.0941 𝑚2
Evaporator
𝐴𝑒 𝑒𝑣𝑎𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑟 = 𝑃 . 𝑙
= 0.0696 𝑚 . 0.055 𝑚
= 0.003828 𝑚2
𝑘𝑔⁄
𝑚𝑓 = 0.0331 𝑠
Evaporator
𝑚𝑓 . ℎ4 + 𝑚𝑣 . ℎ𝑖𝑛 = 𝑚𝑓 . ℎ1 + 𝑚𝑣 . ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑡
(𝑚𝑓 . ℎ4 ) − (𝑚𝑓 . ℎ1 ) = (𝑚𝑣 . ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑡 ) − (𝑚𝑣 . ℎ𝑖𝑛 )
𝑚𝑓 (ℎ4 − ℎ1 ) = 𝑚𝑣 (ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑡 − ℎ𝑖𝑛 )
𝑚𝑓 (211.66 − 217.18) = 0.00386(53.547 − 70.126)
𝑘𝑗
(−0.064) ⁄𝑠
𝑚𝑓 = 𝑘𝑗
(−5.52) ⁄𝑘𝑔
𝑘𝑔⁄
𝑚𝑓 = 0.0116 𝑠
𝑘𝑔⁄
= 0.0224 𝑠
6. Kerja Kompressor
𝑚𝑓 {(ℎ2 − ℎ3 ) − (ℎ1 − ℎ4 )}
𝑊 = ̅̅̅̅
𝑘𝑔⁄ {(348.97 𝑘𝑗
= 0.0224 𝑠 − 241.02) − (217.18 − 211.66)} ⁄𝑘𝑔
𝑘𝑗⁄ 𝑗
= 2.294 𝑠 = 2294 ⁄𝑠 = 2294 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑡
= 1.557
8. Coefficient of Performance (COP) Pendinginan
𝑚𝑓 (ℎ1 −ℎ4 )
𝐶𝑂𝑃(𝑝𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑛) = 𝑊
𝑘𝑔⁄ 𝑘𝑗
0.0116 𝑠 (217.18 −211.66) ⁄𝑘𝑔
= 𝑘𝑗
2.294 ⁄𝑘𝑔
= 0.0279
Mulai
Pengecekan
komponen
A
A
Pengambilan data
NO
Pengecekan
ulang data
YES
Pengolahan data
Analisa
Hasil
pengamatan
Selesai
4. Head (h)
𝑃
ℎ= 𝜌. 𝑔
200.000
= 995,7 . 9,814
= 20,467 𝑚
5. Daya Input
a. Daya Kinetik
1
𝐸𝑘 = . 𝑚̇ . 𝑣 2
2
1
= . 0,166 . (13,254)2
2
= 14,58 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑡
b. Daya Tekanan
𝑃𝑝 = 𝑄 . 𝑃
= 0,000167 . 200.000
= 33,4 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑡
c. Total
𝑃𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = 𝐸𝑘 + 𝑃𝑝
= 33,4 + 13,58
= 47,98 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑡
= 4,74 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑡
60o
2𝜋𝑛
𝐵𝐻𝑃 = 𝜏
60
2 . 3,14 . 797,1
= 0,0578
60
= 4,822 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑡
7. Efisiensi
90o
𝐵𝐻𝑃
η= 𝐷𝑎𝑦𝑎 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙
× 100%
4,74
= × 100% = 9,879 %
47,98
60o
𝐵𝐻𝑃
η= 𝐷𝑎𝑦𝑎 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙
× 100%
4,822
= × 100% = 10,05 %
47,98
3.2.5 Hasil Perhitungan
Berdasarkan perhitungan yang sudah dilakukan, didapatkan data dalam
bentuk tabel dan grafik dibawah ini:
100
50
0
1 2 3
Mulai
Pengecekan
komponen
Pengambilan data
NO
Pengecekan
ulang data
YES
Pengolahan data
A
A
Analisa
Hasil
pengamatan
Selesai
Pompa 1 Pompa 2
𝑃𝑠1 = 12 𝐶𝑚𝐻𝑔 Ps2 = - 13 CmHg
Pd1 = 0,2 kg/cm2 Pd2 = 0,55 kg/cm2
Q1 = 32 LPM Q2 = 32 LPM
A1 = 0,8 A A2 = 0,85 A
1. Tekanan Hisap
Ps (Pa) = Ps(CmHg). 133,2 Ps(Pa) = Ps (CmHg). 133,2
Ps = (-12) . 1333,2 Ps = -13 . 133,2
Ps = -15998,7 Pa Ps = -17.331,9 Pa
2. Tekanan Buang
Pd (Pa) = Pd (kg/cm2). 98.066,5 Pd(Pa) = Pd (kg/cm2). 98.066,5
Pd = 0,2 . 98.066,5 Pd = 0,55 . 98.066,5
Pd = 19.613,3 Pa Pd = 53.936,58 Pa
3. Debit
Q1(m3/s)=Q(LPM). 0.167.10-4 Q2 (m3/s) = Q(LPM). 0.167.10-4
Q1 = 32 . 0,0000167 Q2 = 32 . 0,0000167
Q1 = 0,000533 m3/s Q2 = 0,000533 m3/s
Qtotal: (SERI)
Qtot = Q2
Qtot = 0,000533 m3/s
4. Head
Pompa 1
𝑃𝑑 −𝑃𝑠 Pompa 2
𝐻1 = 𝜌 ×𝑔
𝑃𝑑 − 𝑃𝑠
19.613,3−(−15.998,7) 𝐻2 =
= 𝜌 ×𝑔
995,7 . 9,814
53.936,58−(−17.331,9)
= 3,644 𝑚 = 995,7 . 9,814
= 7,293 𝑚
6. Daya input
Pompa 1 Pompa 2
P1 = v . I P2 = v . I
P1 = 220 . 0,8 P2 = 220 . 0,85
P1 = 176 watt P2 = 187 watt
Total Seri
Pin = P1 + P2
Pin = 176 + 187 = 363 watt
7. Efisiensi
Efisiensi
𝑊𝐻𝑃
η= × 100%
𝑃𝑡𝑜𝑡
56,964
η= × 100%
363
η = 15,693 %
NO POMPA 1 POMPA 2
Debit Suction Discharge Tegangan Kuat Arus Debit Suction Discharge Tegangan Kuat Arus
(m3/s) (Pa) (Pa) (volt) (Ampere) (m3/s) (Pa) (Pa) (volt) (Ampere)
1. 0.00053 -15998.7 19613.3 220 0.8 0.000533 -17331.9 53936.575 220 0.85
2. 0.0005 -13332.2 29420 220 0.82 0.0005 -14665.5 78453.2 220 0.87
3. 0.00047 -12665.6 34323.28 220 0.83 0.000467 -13332.2 117679.8 220 0.89
4. 0.00043 -10665.8 39226.6 220 0.85 0.000433 -12665.6 152003.075 220 0.91
5. 0.0004 -10065.8 44129.93 220 0.86 0.0004 -11999 186326.35 220 0.93
6. 0.00037 -9999.18 4903.3 220 0.88 0.000367 -11332.4 215746.3 220 0.95
7. 0.00033 -9332.57 53936.58 220 0.89 0.000333 -10665.8 245166.25 220 0.97
8. 0.0003 -8665.96 73549.88 220 0.91 0.0003 -9999.18 274586.2 220 0.99
9. 0.00027 -8665.96 78453.2 220 0.92 0.000267 -9332.57 304006.15 220 1.01
10. 0.00023 -7999.34 96105.17 220 0.94 0.000233 -8665.96 333426.1 220 1.03
NO Debit Head(m) Daya Input (Watt) Daya Output (Watt) Efisiensi
Total Pompa 1 Pompa 2 Total Pompa 1 Pompa 2 Input Pompa 1 Pompa2 Output SERI
(m3/s) SERI Total Total (η)
1 0.000533 176 187 363 18.981 56.967 15.693%
3.644 7.293 10.938 37.986
2 0.0005 180.4 191.4 371.8 21.376 67.935 18.272%
4.375 9.529 13.904 46.559
3 0.000467 182.6 195.8 378.4 21.944 83.126 21.968%
4.809 13.407 18.216 61.183
4 0.000433 187 200.2 387.2 21.603 92.905 23.994%
5.106 16.851 21.957 71.302
5 0.0004 189.2 204.6 393.8 21.678 101.008 25.650%
5.546 20.296 25.842 79.330
6 0.000367 193.6 209 402.6 5.469 88.807 22.058%
1.525 23.238 24.763 83.338
7 0.000333 195.8 213.4 409.2 21.069 106.261 25.968%
6.475 26.181 32.655 85.192
8 0.0003 200.2 217.8 418 24.665 110.040 26.325%
8.414 29.123 37.537 85.376
9 0.000267 202.4 222.2 424.6 23.261 106.922 25.182%
8.915 32.066 40.981 83.661
10 0.000233 206.8 226.6 433.4 24.256 103.964 23.988%
10.654 35.008 45.662 79.707
B. Grafik
Efisiensi Seri
30.000%
25.000%
20.000%
Efisiensi
15.000%
10.000%
5.000%
0.000%
32 30 28 26 24 22 20 18 16 14
Debit (Lpm)
Mulai
Pengecekan
komponen
Pengambilan data
NO
Pengecekan
ulang data
YES
Pengolahan data
A
A
Analisa
Hasil
pengamatan
Selesai
𝜏 = 21,37 𝑁𝑚
𝑃1 𝜏 = 𝐹 . 𝐿
𝜏 = 𝑚 .𝑔 .𝐿
𝜏 = 9,607 𝑘𝑔 . 9.814 𝑚⁄𝑠 2 . 0,375 𝑚
𝜏 = 35,36 𝑁𝑚
Persamaan Garis
𝑦 = 𝑇𝑒𝑎𝑘𝑎𝑛𝑎𝑛 Masukkan Nilai m ke Pers 2
𝑥 = 𝑇𝑜𝑟𝑠𝑖 𝑦1 = 𝑚 . 𝑥1 + 𝐶
𝑦1 = 𝑚 𝑥1 + 𝐶 𝐶 = 𝑦1 − (𝑚 𝑥1 )
𝐶 = 12,4 − (0,89 . 21,37)
𝑦2 = 𝑚 𝑥2+𝐶 𝐶 = −6,61
𝑦1 − 𝑦2 = 𝑚 (𝑥1 − 𝑥2 )
Rumus Umum
𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝐶
𝑦1 − 𝑦2
𝑚= 𝑦2 = 𝑚𝑥1 + 𝐶
𝑥1 − 𝑥2
𝑦2 + 𝐶
𝑥1 =
𝑚
12,5 − 25
𝑚= 11 + 6,61
21 ,375 − 35,356 𝑥1 =
0,89
− 12,5
𝑚= 𝑥1 = 19,7
− 13,981
𝑥1 = 𝜏
𝑚 = 0,89
𝜏 = 19,7 𝑁𝑚
2. BHP (Break Horse Power)
(2 . 𝜋 . 𝑛. 𝜏)⁄
𝐵𝐻𝑃 = 60
2. 3,14 . 323.0,7
𝐵𝐻𝑃 = 60
5. Efisiensi Thermal
1
η= . 100%
𝑆𝐹𝐶 .𝑄𝐻𝑉
1
= 100%
0,0000313 . 29400
= 0,742
3.4.5 Hasil Perhitungan
Berdasarkan perhitungan yang sudah dilakukan, didapatkan data dalam
bentuk tabel di bawah ini: