Pengenalan dunia tambang

Eksplorasi dan Penambangan Nikel laterit

Program studi Teknik Pertambangan
Fakultas Teknologi Lingkungan dan Mineral
Universitas Teknologi Sumbawa

Masyyuddin
Exploration Lab Operational Geologist

Operation Planing and Geotechnic Departement

 Agenda:

1. Pengenalan nikel laterit

2. Metode dan tahapan Eksplorasi
3. Geo evaluasi
4. Geo modelling
5. Metode tambang terbuka

1
Negara penghasil Nikel Laterite
Penggunaan dan konsumen Nikel
 • Nikel Laterit : adalah tanah sisa yang telah berkembang di
1. Pengenalan nikel atas batuan ultrabasa melalui proses pelapukan kimia dan
pengayaan supergen. Nikel laterit secara umum berkembang
laterit pada daerah yang dimana yang menjadi batual asalnya adalah
batuan beku ultrabasa.
Profil laterit

PTVI Profile laterite

Faktor yang mempengaruhi pembentukan Nikel laterite:

1. Batuan asal
2. Topografi
3. Waktu
4. Temperature
5. Curah hujan
2. Metode dan tahapan eksplorasi
• Pemetaan Geologi
• Pemboran sistem coring
 Data Storage/
DataXplore*
PTVI Ni Laterite Exploration Methods
and General Process
Database Review
Previous Report, Literature

Remote Sensing & GIS Analysis

Aerial Photo, Landsat, Aster*

Geological Mapping
Landform Mapping, Structure, Lithology,
Mineralization, Surface sampling, Niton analyzer*

Geophysical Survey
-GPR/ UltraGPR*
-Electric Resistivity Tomography*

Surveying Core Drilling

Total Station, DGPS, LiDAR, - HQ3, Large Diameter Test Pit/ Bulk Sampling
UAV/Drone* - Logging by CoreLog*

Sample House Laboratory Analyses

Sample Preparation, Acquire Assay Data, - PTI ProcTech Lab (Fuse bead coin, 9 element assay)*
QAQC*, ISO 9001:2008 certified* - External Lab

Validation & Geo-Evaluation

Data Compilation & Validation, Statistical Analysis,
Defining Ore Type, Datamine Geological Domaining* *Red Marked: Advanced methods developed since 2002

Resource Modelling & Estimation

3D Block Modelling, Ordinary Kriging, Resource & Ore Assessment Mining Engineering
Individual Hill Variography, Estimation, Reconciliation Peer Review*, Studies Pit design & Mine Planning
Peer review*, Long and Short Term Model*

Reporting
Integrated Project Reports, Technical Reports, PEA
Mineral Resources & Mineral Reserves Reports, RKAB, RKTTL
• Pemetaan Geologi
Topographi and Soil Condition

Gentle slope

Steep slope

Swamp (Upland Area)

 LITHOLOGY AND SOIL CONDITION

Chert Soil

Conglomerate Soil

Alluvial
• Pemboran sistim coring

Sampel pemboran harus terjaga dari:

• Kontaminasi dengan benda asing

• Susunan sampel pemboran harus sesuai
• Tidak kontak langsung dengan sinar matahari
• Sampel tumpah
• Pengiriman sampel ke sample house paling
lambat 2*24 jam
3. Geo Evaluasi
 Re_Class to Sap due too
enrichment at material -1.
4. Geo Modelling
5. Metode tambang terbuka
 Mine and Exploration Work Flow

OREBODY VEGETATION
EXPLORATION
MODELING MINE PLANNING CLEARING
CORE DRILLING
BLOCK MODEL

MINING OVERBURDEN
(ORE DIGGING) STRIPPING

ROM STOCKPILING
OVERBURDEN
DUMPING AT TOP SOIL
DISPOSAL (BACKFILL) CONSERVATION

SSP HAULING TO
ROM SCREENING
WET ORE STOCKPILE
MINE RECLAMATION/
REHABILITATION
Nickel Laterite Mine Work Flow
Open Cast Mining Method
Disposal

Truck dump Over Burden near the

dozer

Dozer push all the Overburden material to

particular direction
Ore Screening Process
Settling Pond Facilities
✓ Site Drainage : cross slope, contour
drains, rock-line steeper channels
etc
✓ Pocket Pond
✓ Chanel
✓ Check Dam
✓ Road Drainage
✓ Infiltration Pond
✓ Sediment Ponds/Dams

There are 84 facilities of sediment

control at Sorowako and Petea with
capacity 1.000 m3 to -13.000.000 m3
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Rehabilitation Process
Rehabilitated Area