W4 Heat Treatment of Steel
W4 Heat Treatment of Steel
LECTURE 3-4
Pendahuluan
Heat Treatment
Hardenability
Tempering
Age Hardening
Dosen:
Fahmi Mubarok, ST., MSc,PhD
Metallurgy Laboratory
Mechanical Engineering
ITS- Surabaya
2020 http://www.its.ac.id/personal/material.php?id=fahmi
Pendahuluan Fahmi Mubarok
Heat treatment
• Spheroidizing
– Process perlakuan panas untuk menghasilkan struktur carbida berbentuk
bulat (spheroid) pada matriks ferrite
– Akan memeperbaiki kemampuan di machining pada baja paduan %C
tinggi
– Methods:
• 24 - 36 hours below A1 line
• Heating and cooling alternately between A1 line
• Heating above A1 line
• Process Annealing
– Proses perlakuan panas untuk melunakkan dan menaikkan kembali
keuletan benda kerja agar dapat dideformasi lebih lanjut.
– Low %C steel 1 hr @ 600-650°C (no austenizing)
– Recrystallizes cold worked ferrite
– Y.S and UTS drastically reduced
• Stress relief Annealing
– Proses perlakuan panas untuk menghilangkan tegangan sisa atau
tegangan dalam akibat proses sebelumnya.
–Lab.
Metallurgy LowMech.%C Structural
Eng. Dept. ITS Surabaya xi 6
Normalizing and Full Annealing Fahmi Mubarok
Spheroidizing microstructure
Metallurgy Lab. Mech. Eng. Dept. ITS Surabaya xi 8
Process Anneal Fahmi Mubarok
• 1 hr @ 600-650oC
• Recrystallizes cold worked ferrite
• Yield Strength and UTS drastically reduced
• Sometimes used to selectively treat localized cold worked areas
• Used in production of steel wire, nails etc.
Stress relief
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Hardening/ Pengerasan
• Proses pelakuan panas untuk meningkatkan kekerasan, ketahanan
aus atau ketangguhan dengan kombinasi kekerasan
• Kekerasan sangat tergantung dari:
– Temperatur pemanasan (Austenitizing Temperature)
– Lama pada temperatur tersebut (Holding Time)
– Laju pendinginan (Cooling Rate)
– Komposisi kimia (%C and Alloying)
– Kondisi Permukaan (Surface Condition)
– Ukuran dan berat benda kerja (Size and Mass)
• Kekerasan maksimum didapatkan dari pembentukan fase
martensite atau atau fase karbida pada struktur mikro baja
Harga Di dapat di bandingkan antara satu baja dengan baja yang lainnya, harga
ini menyatakan hardenability suatu baja dengan komposisi kimia tertentu
Metallurgy Lab. Mech. Eng. Dept. ITS Surabaya xi 28
Grossman Test Fahmi Mubarok
• Hasil quench hardening -> menghasilkan produk yang keras tetapi getas
• Menghasilkan tegangan sisa
• Keuletan dan ketangguhan turun
Martempering (Marquenching)
1. Austenitize the steel at the appropriate
temperature
2. Quench to a temperature just above the Ms
(usually, into an oil or molten salt bath)
3. Hold in the quenchant to obtain uniform
temperature throughout the steel
4. Cool at a moderate rate through the
martensite transformation region.
Mechanical properties of 1095 steel heat-treated by
martempering and conventional quenching
Microstrukture Transformation
Induction Hardening
Dosen:
Fahmi Mubarok, ST., MSc,PhD
Metallurgy Laboratory
Mechanical Engineering
ITS- Surabaya
2020