EXAMPLE 6.

9
Estimate V, U, H and S for 1-butane vapor at 200°C and 70 bar
if H and S are et equal to zero for saturated liquid at 0°C
Assume that the only data available are :
Tc = 420 K
TR = 266.9 K (normal boiling point)
Pc = 40.43 bar
ꞷ= 0.191
C(ig,P)/R = 1.967 + 31.630x10^-3 T - 9.837x10^-6 T^2 (T/K)
T= 200 °C 473.15 K
P= 70 bar

SOLUTION
Volume uap 1-butane pada 200°C dan 70 bar dihitung secara langsung
dari persamaan V = ZRT/P, dimana Z diberikan oleh Eq. (3.57) dengan
nilai Z^0 dan Z^1 diinterpolasi dari Tabel E.3 dan E.4.
Tr = T/Tc = (200+273.15)/420.0 = 1.127
Pr = P/Pc = 70/40,43 = 1.731
Z= Z^0 + ꞷZ^1 = 0.485 + (0.191)(0.142) = 0.512
V= ZRT/P = (0.512 x 83.14 x 473.15)/70 = 287.8 cm^3 mol^-1
Tahapan pengerjaan :
(a) Vaporisasi pada T1 dan P1=Psat
(b) Transisi ke kondisi gas ideal pada (T1, P1)
(c) Berubah menjadi (T2, P2) dalam kondisi gas ideal
(d) Transisi ke kondisi aktual akhir pada (T2, P2)
Tahapan (a)
Normal boiling point : Critical point :
Psatn = 1.00133 bar Psatc = 40.43 bar
Tn = 266.9 K Tc = 420.0 K
Mencari A dan B : (dengan memasukkan nilai P dan T pada saat normal boiling point dan critical point)
ln P^sat = A-(B/T)
Didapat 2 persamaan dan disubstitusi dan diperoleh :
A= 10.1260
B= 2,699.11
Mencari Panas Laten :
Trn = Tn/Tc
ΔH(lv,n)/RTn= (1.092(ln Pc - 1.013))/(0.930 - Trn)
ΔH(lv,n) = 9.979 x RTn
Trn Ln Pc Ln Pc - 1.013 1.092*(Ln Pc - 1.013) 0.930 - Trn ΔH(lv,n)/RTn
0.635 3.700 2.687 2.933737 0.294 9.979
Panas Laten pada : T = 273.15 K
Tr = 0.650
ΔH(lv) = ΔH(lv,n)*((1-Tr)/(1-Trn)^0.38)
ΔS(lv) = ΔH(lv)/T
ΔH(lv,n) 1-Tr 1-Trn (1-Tr)/(1-Trn) (1-Tr)/(1-Trn)^0.38 ΔH(lv) ΔS(lv)
22,143 0.350 0.365 0.95918 0.98429 21,795 79.791

Tahapan (b)
H(R,1) = HRB x R x Tc
S(R,1) = SRB x R
 HRB SRB R Tc H(R,1) S(R,1)
-0.0985 -0.1063 8.314 420 -344 -0.884

Tahapan (c)
T1 = 273.15 K T2 = 473.15 K
P1 = 1.2771 bar P2 = 70 bar
ΔH(ig) = R x ICPH
ΔS(ig) = (R x ICPS) - (R x ln(P2/P1))
R ICPH ICPS R x ICPH R x ICPS ln (P2/P1) R x ln (P2/P1) ΔH(ig) ΔS(ig)
8.314 2,473.420 6.67236 20,564.01 55.474 4.00390 33.28845 20,564 22.186

Tahapan (d)
H(R,2)/RTc = -2.294 + ꞷ(-0,713)
S(R,2)/R = -1.566 + ꞷ(-0.726)
H(R,2) = H(R,2)/RTc x RTc
S(R,2)= S(R,2)/R x R
ꞷ H(R,2)/RTc S(R,2)/R R Tc H(R,2) S(R,2)
0.191 -2.430 -1.705 8.314 420 -8,486 -14.173

H = ΔH
H1 H2 H3 H4 H = ΔH
21,795 -344 20,564 -8,486 33,529

S = ΔS
S1 S2 S3 S4 S = ΔS
79.791 -0.884 22.186 -14.173 86.920

U = H - PV
H P V PV U = H - PV
33,529 70 287.8 2014.6 31,514

Hotmauli Krisnovita Aruan|170405121|Kelas B

ΔH(lv,n)
22,143