• Perspektif normatif:
• Hukum internasional dapat di dijelaskan dengan
bermodalkan norma-norma yang menciptakan
hukum itu sendiri (Kelsen)
• Budaya (custom) penalaran merupakann bagian
utama dari hukum internasional (Brierly)
SHI dan Mahkamah Peradilan Internasional
• Berdirinya Mahkamah Peradilan Internasional (International
Court of Justice [ICJ]) mengukuhkan posisi otoritatif SHI yang
diakui secara formal dan dituangkan dalam Pasal 38 dari
Statuta Mahkamah Peradilan Internasional (ICJ Statute)
Article 38 of the Statute of
International Court of Justice
1. The Court, whose function is to decide in accordance with
international law such disputes as are submitted to it, shall apply:
a) international conventions, whether general or particular, establishing
rules expressly recognised by the contesting States;
b) international custom, as evidence of a general practice
accepted as law;
c) the general principles of law recognised by civilised nations;
d) subject to the provisions of Article 59, judicial decisions and
the teachings of the most highly qualified publicists of the
various nations, as a subsidiary means for the determination
of rules of law.
2. This provision shall not prejudice the power of the Court to decide
a case ex aequo et bono, if the parties agree thereto.
Sumber Hukum Internasional
berdasarkan Pasal 38 ICJ Statute
• Pengamatan sekilas
– Tidak mengatur hirarki
– Memperkenalkan konsep subsidiary
• Sumber-Sumber SHI
– Konvensi atau Perjanjian Internasional (International
convention)
– Kebiasaan Internasional (custom)
– Prinsip-Prinsip Hukum Umum (principles of Law)
– Putusan Pengadilan (Judicial Decision) dan Tulisan-tulisan
dari para ahli (writing of the publicist)
– Penalaran dalam Pengadilan
– Putusan Organisasi Internasional
Konvensi/ Perjanjian Internasional