TUGAS 1 KELAS A2
METODOLOGI PENELITIAN
➢ Dikerjakan oleh: Wulan Ropa (20011104046)
➢ Dosen Pengampu: Ns Suharno Usman M.Kep
● PENELITIAN KUANTITATIF
No Title,Author,Year Design/Method,
1 Judul : Pengaruh berpikir
kritis terhadap kemampuan
perawat pelaksana dalam
melakukan asuhan
keperawatan di rumah sakit
hermina bekasi tahun 2016
Penulis : Kiki Deniati, Ria
Anugrahwati, Tini
Suminarti
Tahun : 2018
Result Conclusion/recommendation
Sampling /limitation
Metode : Jenis penelitian Hasil : Hasil Kesimpulan : Perawat yang
ini adalah kuantitatif penelitian berfikir kritis berpeluang 2,403
dengan metode penelitian dinyatakan kali mampu melakukan asuhan
survey analitik dengan ada pengaruh keperawatan dengan baik jika
pendekatan Cross berfikir kritis dibandingkan dengan perawat
Sectional yaitu untuk terhadap yang kurang berfikir kritis.
mengetahui pengaruh kemampuan Diharapkan Rumah Sakit
berpikir kritis terhadap perawat mengembangkan program
kemampuan perawat pelaksana jurnal reading dan menjadikan
pelaksana dalam dalam budaya baca riset-riset
melakukan asuhan melakukan keperawatan baik nasional
keperawatan di Rumah asuhan maupun internasional sebagai
Sakit Hermina Bekasi. keperawatan penambahan ilmu pengetahuan
Sample : Populasi dalam (p=0,026). dan kebutuhan bagi perawat
penelitian ini adalah pelaksana serta selalu mengasah
seluruh perawat dan melatih kemampuan
pelaksana yang ada di berfikir kritis melalui
ruang rawat inap Rumah pelaksanaan ronde
Sakit Hermina Bekasi keperawatan.
sebanyak 104 responden
Diharapkan hasil penelitian ini
dengan tehnik
dapat dikembangkan oleh
pengambilan sampel
peneliti lain dengan
 menggunakan total menggunakan variabel-variabel
sampling. lain yang berpengaruh terhadap
kemampuan melakukan asuhan
keperawatan seperti uji
kompetensi dan pelatihan serta
lebih dikaji dari faktor-faktor
berpikir kritis.

2 Judul : Tingkat Metode : Penelitian Hasil : Hasil Kesimpulan : Dari hasil

Pengetahuan dan Perilaku dilakukan secara uji penelitian, berdasarkan hasil uji
Pencegahan Coronavirus kuantitatif menggunakan menunjukkan chi square didapatkan
Disease 2019 (COVID-19) desain penelitian cross nilai p=0,000 kesimpulan bahwa ada
Pada Masyarakat Sulawesi sectional. Penelitian < 0.05 yang hubungan antara tingkat
Utara dilakukan pada bulan artinya ada pendidikan dengan perilaku
Penulis : Lenny Gannika & Juli-Agustus 2020 di hubungan pencegahan COVID-19 pada
Erika Emnina Sembiring Provinsi Sulawesi Utara antara tingkat masyarakat Sulawesi Utara.
Tahun : 2020 sesuai dengan Surat pendidikan Untuk peneliti selanjutnya di
Pemberitahuan Penelitian dengan Sulawesi Utara diharapkan
oleh Kepala Badan perilaku pengambilan sampel
Kesatuan Bangsa dan pencegahan menggunakan cluster samping
Politik Daerah Sulawesi COVID-19 agar responden yang didapatkan
Utara (Kesbangpolda pada lebih merata di tiap
Sulut) No. masyarakat kota/kabupaten sehingga dapat
070/23/Kebangpolda/VII/ Sulawesi diketahui hal-hal yang perlu
2020. Utara. dilakukan untuk meningkatkan
Sample : Teknik Semakin kesadasarn masyarakat tentang
sampling untuk tinggi tingkat pencegahan COVID19 terutama
penelitian ini adalah pendidikan di masa adaptasi kebiasaan
dengan menggunakan seseorang, baru.
purposive sampling yang maka
memenuhi kriteria inklusi semakin baik

3 Judul : The effect of foot
massage in lowering
intradialytic blood pressure
at Hemodialysis Unit in
Indonesian Hospital
Penulis : Hayyu Sitoresmia, patients randomly
Andi Masyitha Irwana, Elly allocated into two
Lilianty Sjattara, Suharno
Usman
Tahun : 2020
sebagai berikut penduduk pula perilaku
berdomisili di wilayah pencegahan
Sulawesi Utara , berusia COVID-19.
17 tahun ke atas,
memiliki
handphone/komputer
yang dapat mengakses
googleform dan bersedia
mengisi kuesioner online
serta memenuhi kriteria
ekslusif yaitu mengisi
kuesioner secara lengkap.
Metode/Sample : This Hasil : There Kesimpulan : The foot massage
study is a randomized is a different is beneficial in controlling
controlled trial (RCT). effect of foot intradialytic hypertension and
Subjects were 32 massage on can be applied in the
hemodialyses (HD) systolic and management of hemodialysis
diastole blood patients by nurses.
pressure
FM is an efficient, easy,
groups: the control group between the
inexpensive, no-risk, simple but
and the intervention control group
proven intervention for its
group. Foot massage was and
benefits in controlling IDH.
performed three times in intervention
Controlling IDH also means
intradialytic phase for group with p
that the risk of complications
5–10 min in the first, < 0.05. The
during HD can be suppressed.
second, and third HD difference in
But the majority of respondents
hours. Measurement of median value
in this study were female so
blood pressure (BP) used for systolic
their effects could not be
portable blood
generalized for men, and blood
sphygmomanometer. The pressure
pressure measurements were
between the

4 Judul : Attitudes of nursing
students towards the
legalization of euthanasia,
end-of-life planning and the study. Settings and
spiritual dimension: A
quantitative study
Penulis : Angela ´ María
Ortega-Galan, et al
Tahun : 2023
measurement was two groups carried out without similiar on
conducted every hour. was 25 just one leg.
mmHg, and
diastole was
10 mmHg.
Metode/Sample : A Hasil : 285 Kesimpulan : Students have a
cross-sectional Nursing positive vision of euthanasia
descriptive quantitative students with while admitting anxiety about
an average death. They emphasize advance
participants: Study age of 23.58 planning and greater religious
carried out with students years (SD = practice as supports for
of the Nursing Degree at 8.19) euthanasia. The need for
the Universities of participated. curricular training related to
Huelva and Almería in The scores on moral deliberation and values
Spain from April to July the attitude that support euthanasia is clear.
2021. towards
This work has a number of
euthanasia
limitations. It is a
were higher
cross-sectional descriptive
than the
study, and therefore causal
mean. While
relationships between the
70.5 % of the
variables cannot be established.
students were
Most of the students are
aware about
women, which may influence
advanced
attitudes towards euthanasia,
planning,
however, the nursing profession
only 2.5 % of
contains a majority of women.
them had
In a self-administered
made
questionnaire, a social
advanced
desirability bias may appear.
plans. In
Despite these limitations, this
religious study has allowed us to obtain
practice and an approximation of the
the spiritual position that nursing students
dimension, have regarding euthanasia.
the average
score was
high as they
considered
these
elements to
be of great
support at the
end of life. In
terms of
anxiety about
death, the
average score
was
significantly
higher in
women. Age,
spiritual
accompanime
nt and help,
and the
frequency
with which
spiritual
beliefs are
practiced are
predictive

5 Judul : Effects of Child Life Metode/Sample : : In a
intervention on the
symptom cluster of
pain–anxiety–fatigue–sleep
disturbance in children with trial, 96 children with
acute leukemia undergoing
chemotherapy
Penulis : Rongrong Li et al
Tahun : 2023
factors for the
attitude
towards
euthanasia.
Hasil : All of Kesimpulan : Child Life
single-blinded, the intervention can effectively
parallel-group participants improve pain, anxiety, fatigue,
randomized controlled completed the and sleep disturbance in
study. children with acute leukemia
acute leukemia were Compared undergoing chemotherapy. The
randomized to either the with the results suggest that symptom
intervention group, which control group, cluster management
received Child Life the intervention based on Child
intervention twice a week intervention Life provided a promising
for 8 weeks, or the group showed approach for simultaneously
control group, which a significant treating multiple symptoms
received routine care. reduction in within a cluster.
Outcomes were evaluated pain, anxiety,
The limitations of this study
at baseline and day 3 fatigue, and
should be noted. First, sample
postintervention sleep
selection and intervention were
disturbance
conducted in a hospital, limiting
(P < 0.001).
the extensibility of intervention
However, no
in other backward areas to a
significant
certain extent. Second, the
differences
research object only involved
were
children aged 8 to 14 with AL.
observed in
Previous studies on young
the disorders
children were limited. Finally,
of excessive
this protocol's applicability to
somnolence.
other symptom clusters in
children with AL was not
discussed.
 ● PENELITIAN KUALITATIF
No Title,Author,Year Design/Method, Result Conclusion/recommendation
Sampling /limitation

1 Judul : Stigma Terhadap Desain/Metode : Hasil : Kesimpulan : Kesimpulan dari

Orang Dengan Gangguan Pendekatan Menggambarka penelitian ini terbagi menjadi
Jiwa Di Bali kualitatif-grounded n bahwa stigma beberapa hal, yaitu yang
Penulis : Yohanes Kartika theory dengan yang diterima pertama adalah penyebab
Herdiyanto, David Hizkia menggunakan teknik oleh ODGJ dan munculnya stigma, kedua
Tobing, Naomi Vembriati pengumpulan data anggota adalah bentuk dari stigma,
Tahun : 2017 in-depth interview semi keluarganya ketiga adalah dampak dari
terstruktur, observasi mempengaruhi stigma, dan yang terakhir
non-partisipan dan pengobatan adalah relasi antara
dokumen pendukung medis yang pengetahuan dengan stigma
terhadap anggota dilakukan dalam memprediksi jangka
keluarga (n= 20) dan untuk waktu kedatangan keluarga
ODGJ (n=12) serta memulihkan ODGJ ke tenaga
masyarakat (n=35) yang kondisi ODGJ. profesional kesehatan
memiliki variasi Semakin jiwa.
jenis kelamin, sedikit
Saran bagi penelitian
pendidikan, pekerjaan, stigma yang
selanjutnya, perlu adanya
dan domisili diterima,
pembuktian kuantitatif terkait
digunakan untuk semakin
dengan relasi variabel stigma,
mendapatkan data cepat dan
pengetahuan, dan jangka
penelitian ini. Data berkelanjutan
waktu kedatangan keluarga
tersebut selanjutnya pengobatan
ke profesional kesehatan jiwa.
dianalisis menggunakan medis yang
Dengan adanya penelitian
teknik theoretical dilakukan.
tersebut, maka didapatkan
coding dan disajikan
bukti kuat terkait dengan
menjadi tema-tema kunci
pentingnya mempromosikan
yang diharapkan mampu
kesehatan jiwa kepada
 menjawab pertanyaan masyarakat untuk memastikan
penelitian. pemulihan ODGJ di
Indonesia. Selain itu juga
perlu adanya
penelitian-penelitian kualitatif
untuk menggali jenis-jenis
pengetahuan yang dibutuhkan
untuk memastikan kecepatan
kunjungan keluarga ke tenaga
profesional kesehatan jiwa.

2 Judul : ‘Undergraduate Metode/Sample : This Hasil : Kesimpulan : Students

students’ perceptions of descriptive study used a Responses of recognize the plurality of
learning nursing theories: A qualitative approach with 163 theories and the Person
descriptive qualitative five questions survey and participants holistically. Teaching nursing
approach group narratives. showed no theory in the undergraduate
Penulis : Nancy Helou, et al 163 first-year nursing theory to be program should support the
Tahun : 2022 students (female= 85%) predominant. use of theoretical knowledge
participated in the study. Narratives’ relevant to practice and
Participants chose the analysis promote its direct application
best-fit theory to answer revealed four during clinical training.
individually questions on themes:
The study was conducted at
the contribution of six Pluralism in
one school of nursing, thus
learnt theories (McGill the view of
limiting generalization. The
Model of Nursing, nursing
data collection used narratives
SelfCare Deficit Nursing theories,
of groups discussions. These
Theory, Theory of Dualism in the
narratives were written by
Humanbecoming, Theory view of nursing
students summarizing their
of Interpersonal practice,
discussions. This could be a
Relations, Adaptation Monism in the
limitation because the
Model of Nursing and view of the
narratives did not transcribe
Theory of Human person and all the details of the
Caring) to their clinical Learning based discussions that took place.
practice. They discussed on personal Students’ discussions were not
their answers in groups values and audiotaped. Audiotaped focus
and provided group social context. group interviews with a
narratives. smaller sample size could
have yielded an in-depth
analysis. However, we
intended to collect
comprehensive data from a
large number of participants,
to inform curriculum changes.
In addition, the study included
only the first-year
undergraduate students’
perspectives. It would have
been helpful to explore the
perception of second- and
third-year students who would
have developed more skills
and competencies and who
studied middle-range theories.
The perception of students on
middle-range theories could
have yielded different results
because these theories are
easier to apply in practice for
students. The generalizability
of our findings to other
curricula using only
 middle-range theories are
limited.

3 Judul : Depression and Metode/Sample : We Hasil : Twitter Kesimpulan : Our study

Anxiety on Twitter During collected 18 million depression and shows the feasibility of using
the COVID-19 Tweets from January to anxiety scores Twitter to capture trends of
Stay-At-Home Period in 7 September 2019 were depression and anxiety during
Major U.S. Cities (baseline) and 2020 from consistently the COVID-19 public health
Penulis : Danielle Levanti, 7 U.S. cities with large elevated above crisis and suggests that social
et al populations and varied their 2019 media data can supplement
Tahun : 2022 COVID-19 response baselines survey data to monitor
protocols: Atlanta, across all the 7 long-term mental health
Chicago, Houston, Los locations. trends.
Angeles, Miami, New Twitter
A limitation of the study is the
York, and Phoenix. We depression
observational nature of our
applied machine scores
work as well as the inability to
learning‒based language increased
distinguish between the
prediction models for during the
impact of policy and the
depression and anxiety early phase of
impact of the pandemic. We
validated in previous the pandemic,
do not have the ability to
work with Twitter data. with a peak in
control for individual-level
As an alternative public early summer
confounders, and we lack
big data source, we and a
knowledge of the
explored Google Trends subsequent
demographics of participants.
data using search query decline in late
Race, ethnicity, SES, age, and
frequencies. A qualitative summer. The
a multitude of other factors
evaluation of trends is pattern of
may contribute to individuals’
presented. This study depression
responses to the pandemic.
employed a qualitative trends was
We also acknowledge that the
comparison of mental aligned with
protests and social unrest in
health trends over the national
June 2020 could influence
 pandemic on the basis of COVID-19 feelings of depression and/or
Twitter posts and Google case trends anxiety, and that is not
search queries. rather than considered in this study. We
with trends in also cannot distinguish
individual between mental health issues
states. Anxiety because of pandemic stressors
was (e.g., fear of illness, fear of
consistently losing loved ones, and so on)
and steadily and mental health issues
elevated resulting from isolation and
throughout the social distancing policies. It is
pandemic. likely that both policy and
Google search pandemic have contributed to
trends data overall mental health, and our
showed noisy work is not equipped to
and distinguish the two, if
inconsistent separable.
results.

4 Judul : The implementation Metode/Sample : Hasil : In total, Kesimpulan : Factors that

of nUrsiNg DEliRium Semi-structured focus 22 ICU nurses, hindered program application
preventive INterventions in group interviews were 3 ICU may explain why the
the Intensive Care Unit conducted in all physicians, 5 UNDERPIN-ICU program did
(UNDERPIN-ICU): A participating centers local delirium not have positive effects on
qualitative evaluation between April and June group members delirium outcomes. Factors
Penulis : Bram Tilburgs, et of 2019. Directed content and one that facilitated application
al and thematic analyses research should be strengthened in
Tahun : 2022 were applied. Interviews manager future nonpharmacological
were coded. Codes were participated in nursing interventions to
grouped into categories 10 focus group prevent or reduce delirium in
based on factors that interviews. We intensive care.
hindered or facilitated found 41 This study has several
program application. factors that strengths: analysis, coding and
hindered or grouping were conducted
facilitated independently by three
program researchers, all experienced in
application, qualitative research. In
grouped into addition, the categories used
five categories: were scientifically based
interventions; determinants that facilitate or
individual hinder improvements in
healthcare professional healthcare
professional; practice (Flottorp et al., 2013).
patient; Also, data was collected from
implementation a variety of health
process; professionals from all
capacity for participating medicals centers
change, until saturation was reached.
incentives and Some limitations need to be
resources. addressed. First, several focus
Among the groups consisted of only two
factors participants and overall only
identified in three physicians participated.
this study, the These limited numbers may
facilitating have limited the exploration
factors and enrichment of opinions
included and ideas using group
standardized interaction and thereby data
interventions, a saturation (Kitzinger, 1995).
structured Also, interviewing patients or
implementation family members may have
, interactive provided additional insights.
educational Second, transcripts were not
meetings and, returned to the participants
feedback and after the focus group
support. The interviews. As a result
hindering participants were not able to
factors provide clarifications or
included comments which may have
doubts about limited the validity of our
usefulness, study. However, we did
feasibility, the summarize and check our
extensive interpretation at the end of
number of each focus group interview to
program check group consensus. Third,
components, most interviews were
limited conducted by one researcher
knowledge (PR), who was the primary
about the researcher and was familiar
program and a with most participants. This
focus on may have limited the
physical care. exchange of critique on the
implementation of the
UNDERPIN-ICU program.
However, familiarity may also
have resulted in an
environment where
participants felt relaxed and
were encouraged to engage
and exchange feelings, views
and ideas (Rabiee, 2004).
Presence of a second
researcher, serving as
 note-taker and observer of
non-verbal communication,
may have been favorable.
Such a person was not present
which may have limited an
in-depth interpretation of the
study results (Rabiee, 2004).

5 Judul : The nursing Metode : The present Hasil : The Kesimpulan : The results
process: A supportive study uses a qualitative results revealed revealed that when theory and
model for nursing students’ descriptive design with that the nursing practice were aligned, the
learning during clinical an abductive approach process nursing process became a
education - A qualitative based on individual supported meaningful structure to
study semi-structured learning when develop a sustainable, safe
Penulis : Ulrika Lofgren, et interviews. The data are theory and way of thinking for one’s
al analysed using practice ‘spoke future professional role. It is
Tahun : 2022 qualitative content the same important to use supportive
analysis in accordance language’. This pedagogical models for
with Graneheim et al. allows for the students and supervisors that
(2017) and Graneheim opportunity to facilitate the integration of
and Lundman (2004). perform in a concepts of the nursing
Qualitative content consistent way process in practice.
analysis allows the with the theory,
The study was conducted with
researchers to identify a while obtaining
a relatively small sample size,
variety of patterns and awareness of
which could be seen as a
contents in data through an invisible
limitation; however, the
the manifest and latent process.
sample size was appropriate to
content obtained in the Furthermore,
the study aim. The interviews
analysis (Graneheim et the nursing
provided rich descriptions and
al., 2017; Lindgren et al., process
data saturation gradually
2020). Thus giving both supported
emerged, indicating an
depth and meaning to the learning by optimal sample size (cf. Elo
participants’ descriptions. incorporating a and Kyngas, ¨ 2008;
Sample : Twelve nursing thought Graneheim et al., 2017).
students from six structure for
universities in different the student´s
parts of Sweden professional
participated in this study. role through
A purposive sampling developing
approach was used to independence
select participants who to conduct a
could provide rich holistic
information in response assessment and
to the research questions increasing an
(Sandelowski, 2000). understanding
of the nurse´s
area of
responsibility.