Program study Teknik Lingkungan, Departemen Teknik Sipil, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI
Depok 16424, Indonesia
2022
CAPAIAN PEMBELAJARAN
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PENDAHULUAN
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TERMINOLOGI
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KENAPA LUMPUR PERLU DIOLAH??
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TUJUAN PENGOLAHAN LUMPUR
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REVIEW PROPERTY LUMPUR
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KLASIFIKASI, SUMBER DAN KARAKTERISTIK
LUMPUR
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KLASIFIKASI
Berdasarkan Sumber Instalasi Pengolahan
https://en.tempo.co/read/893526/info-tempo-indonesia-the-potential-market-of-water-treatment 9
https://www.dutchwatersector.com/news/go-ahead-for-conversion-first-two-dutch-wastewater-treatment-plants-to-revolutionary-modular
KLASIFIKASI
Berdasarkan Tipe Pengolahan
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KLASIFIKASI
Berdasarkan Tingkat Pengolahan
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KLASIFIKASI
Berdasarkan Unit Operasi dan Proses Penghasil Lumpur
IPA IPAL
• Pre-sedimentation sludge • Grit chamber residue
• Iron / manganese precipitates • Primary sludge (PS)
• Alum sludge • Waste activated sludge (WAS)
• Iron sludge • Trickling filter sludge
• Lime (softening) sludge • RBC sludge
• Polymeric sludge • Mixed sludge
• Diatomaceous earth sludge • Thickened sludge
• Spent filter backwash water • Digested sludge
• Membrane concentrate • Dewatered sludge
• Ion exchange brine
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SUMBER RESIDU / LUMPUR
Coarse / fine screen (IPA/IPAL)
Grafik hubungan
antara volume
material yang
tertahan di
saringan
terhadap jarak
bukaan antar bar
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Davis (2010)
SUMBER RESIDU / LUMPUR
Grit Chamber IPAL
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Davis (2010)
SUMBER RESIDU / LUMPUR
Primary clarifier IPAL
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Davis (2010)
SUMBER RESIDU / LUMPUR
(Coagulation-Flocculation) sedimentation basin (IPA)
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Davis (2010)
KARAKTERISTIK RESIDU / LUMPUR IPA
(Coagulation-Flocculation) sedimentation basin
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Crittended et al (2017)
SUMBER RESIDU / LUMPUR
Spent filter backwash water
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KARAKTERISTIK RESIDU / LUMPUR IPA
Spent filter backwash water
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Crittended et al (2017)
SUMBER RESIDU / LUMPUR
Secondary clarifier IPAL
Davis (2010)
https://www.suezwaterhandbook.com/processes-and-technologies/biological-processes/suspended- 20
growth-cultures/activated-sludge-reactor-type-and-configurations
KARAKTERISTIK LUMPUR IPAL
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Qasim and Zhu (2017)
KARAKTERISTIK LUMPUR IPAL
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UNIT OPERASI DAN PROSES DALAM SISTEM PENGOLAHAN
LUMPUR
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TIPIKAL TAHAPAN PROSES PENGOLAHAN LUMPUR
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PRELIMINARY SLUDGE TREATMENTS
✓ Tujuan:
o Mengurangi volume lumpur (sampai 50%) dengan menyisihkan
kadar air
o Mereduksi volume unit – unit pengolahan lumpur selanjutnya
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SLUDGE THICKENING
Gravity Thickening
Prinsip:
❑ Sedimentasi tipe III (zone settling): interparticle
force hinder the settling of neighbouring particle →
mass of particles settle as a zone
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SLUDGE THICKENING
Batch Settling Test
Menentukan limiting flux (solids loading) dari eksperimen batch settling test
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SLUDGE THICKENING
Kriteria desain Gravity ThickeninThickener IPA
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Davis (2010)
SLUDGE THICKENING
Kriteria desain Gravity Thickener IPAL
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Qasim and Zhu (2017)
SLUDGE THICKENING
Gambar Layout Gravity Thickener
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Qasim and Zhu (2017)
SLUDGE THICKENING
Gambar Potongan Gravity Thickener
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Qasim and Zhu (2017)
SLUDGE THICKENING
Contoh Gravity Thickener
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Dokumentasi Ekskursi TLUI di IPAL Suwung (2019)
SLUDGE STABILIZATION
✓ Tujuan:
o Mereduksi konsentrasi patogen dan senyawa organik
o Dapat dilakukan dengan proses biologis atau kimiawi
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Qasim and Zhu (2017)
SLUDGE STABILIZATION
Anaerobic digestion
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Qasim and Zhu (2017)
SLUDGE STABILIZATION
Prinsip Anaerobic digestion
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Qasim and Zhu (2017)
SLUDGE STABILIZATION
Kriteria desain Anaerobic digestion
Digester Volume
Bedasarkan SRT
V = SRT x Q
SRT: Sludge retention time (d)
Q: Sludge flow (m3/d)
Berdasarkan VSL
V = VSSIN / VSL
VSSIN: VSS loading (kg VSS/d)
VSL: Volatile Solid loading (kg VSS/m3.d)
Berdasarkan PCCR
V = Population x PCCR
Populasi: persons
PCCR: per capita capacity requirement
(m3/capita)
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SLUDGE STABILIZATION
Contoh reaktor Anaerobic digester
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SLUDGE CONDITIONING
✓ Tujuan:
o Meningkatkan efisiensi proses sludge dewatering
o Mereduksi patogen dan bau
o Dapat dilakukan dengan proses kimia atau fisik
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SLUDGE CONDITIONING
Contoh reaktor
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Dokumentasi Ekskursi TLUI di IPAL Suwung (2019)
SLUDGE DEWATERING
Tujuan
✓ Memisahkan lumpur menjadi fase cair (liquid stream) dan fase padat
(cake) sehingga mempermudah penanganan, transport dan
pemrosesan / pembuangan akhir
o Liquid stream jika tidak memenuhi baku mutu dapat
diresirkulasi kembali ke dalam proses pengolahan air atau
diolah secara terpisah
o Cake dapat diproses kembali (e.g. dibuat kompos), dibuang ke
landfill atau pengelola limbah B3 tergantung karakteristiknya
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SLUDGE DEWATERING
Alternatif metode dewatering
✓ Natural methods
o Sludge drying lagoons
o Sludge drying beds
✓ Mechanical methods
o Centrifugation
o Belt filter press
o Frame / plate filter press
o Rotary press
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SLUDGE DEWATERING
Sludge Drying Beds
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Dokumentasi Ekskursi TLUI di IPAL Suwung, Bali (2019)
SLUDGE DEWATERING
Sludge Drying Beds
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Dokumentasi Ekskursi TLUI di IPA Petanu, Bali (2019)
SLUDGE DEWATERING
Belt Filter Press
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SLUDGE DEWATERING
Kriteria desain Belt Filter Press
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SLUDGE DEWATERING
Belt Filter Press
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FINAL PROCESSING
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DISPOSAL
✓ Agricultural application
✓ Non-agricultural land application: reklamasi lahan, landscaping,
municipal solid waste landfill, dedicated sludge / biosolids landfill
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https://feeco.com/processing-sludges-for-acceptance-in-the-fertilizer-industry/
DIAGRAM ALIR SISTEM PENGOLAHAN LUMPUR
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CONTOH DIAGRAM ALIR PENGOLAHAN LUMPUR IPA
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CONTOH DIAGRAM ALIR PENGOLAHAN LUMPUR IPA
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CONTOH DIAGRAM ALIR PENGOLAHAN LUMPUR IPAL
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CONTOH DIAGRAM ALIR PENGOLAHAN LUMPUR IPAL
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REFERENSI UTAMA
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TERIMA KASIH ATAS PERHATIAN ANDA
Komentar??, pertanyaan??
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