Reverse Osmosis By :

Alibta Gisca
Zaharina
Devita Firsta
Dissaonie
Fajar Nuswantoro
Geta Rosyana Wasito
Norma Yulianawati
Pradana Rizal
Fathony
Rahma Widya
 Pengertian RO
Reverse Osmosis (Osmosis
terbalik) adalah suatu
metode penyaringan
yang dapat menyaring
berbagai molekul
besar dan ion-ion dari
suatu larutan dengan
cara memberi tekanan
pada larutan ketika
larutan itu berada di
salah satu sisi membran
seleksi(lapisan
penyaring).
Proses tersebut
menjadikan zat
 Teknologi
Reverse Osmosis
biasanya
digunakan sebagai
1.Air Minum
2.Pembuatan Es
3.Air Pengisi
Boiler
4.Pemurnian Air
Laut
5.Dll
 Pemurnian Air Minum

Teknologi Reverse
Osmosis ini sangat
baik digunakan
untuk pemurnian air
dari air ledeng
menjadi air siap
minum. Karena dapat
membuat air ledeng
yang banyak
 Pada gambar dibawah terlihat air
dari kotor hingga siap minum
dengan langkah langkah sebagai
berikut:
Pertama tama air masuk
(contaminatedd feed water)
Lalu di saring dengan carbon
filter. Oleh karena itu carbon
filter ini harus di ganti secara
berkala
Setelah inilah Air akan melalui
Membran Reverse Osmosis. Air yang
kotor(banyak zat terlarut)
dibuang, sedangkan air yang sudah
bersih lanjut dialirkan
Air bersih sudah siap diminum dan di
simpan dalam tangki penyimpanan
untuk di pakai jika perlu
 DESALINATION

Reverse osmosis is a
common method of
desalination
Sea water reverse
osmosis (SWRO) is a
reverse osmosis
desalination membrane
process that has been
commercially used
 SINGLE PASS SWRO
The typical single-pass
SWRO system consists of
the following components
:
Intake
Pretreatment
High pressure pump
Membrane assembly
Remineralisation and pH
adjustment
Disinfection
 PRETREATMENT

The material is engineered in such a fashion as

to allow only one-way flow through the
system.
The material are highly susceptible to fouling
(loss of production capacity).
Pretreatment in SWRO systems has four major
components
 Screening of solids
Solids within the
water must be
removed and the
water treated to
prevent fouling
of the membranes
by fine particle
or biological
growth, and
reduce the risk
of damage to
high-pressure
 Dosing
Oxidizing
biocides, such as
chlorine, are
added to kill
bacteria,
followed by
bisulfite dosing to
deactivate the
chlorine, which
can destroy a
thin-film
 Prefiltration pH adjustment
If the pH, hardness and the alkalinity
in the feedwater result in a scaling
tendency when they are
concentrated in the reject stream,
acid is dosed to maintain carbonates
in their soluble carbonic acid form.
CO32 + H3O+ = HCO3 + H2O
HCO3 + H3O+ = H2CO3 + H2O
 Prefiltration antiscalants
Scale inhibitors
(also known as
antiscalants) prevent
formation of all
scales compared to
acid, which can
only prevent
formation of
calcium carbonate
and calcium
phosphate scales
Antiscalants inhibit
sulfate and
fluoride scales,
 HIGH PRESSURE PUMP

The pump supplies the

pressure needed to
push water through
the membrane, even
as the membrane
rejects the passage
of salt through it
Typical pressures for
brackish water range
MEMBRANE ASSEMBLY

The membrane
assembly consists
of a pressure
vessel with a
membrane that
allows
feedwater to
be pressed
against it
RO membranes
are made in a
variety of
 REMINERALISATION AND PH
ADJUSTMENT

The desalinated water

is very corrosive and
is "stabilized" to
protect downstream
pipelines and
storages, usually by
adding lime or
caustic to prevent
corrosion of concrete
lined surfaces.
 DISINFECTION

Reverse osmosis is an
effective barrier to
pathogens, however
post-treatment
provides secondary
protection against
compromised membranes
and downstream
problems
Disinfection by means
 Unit RO secara
efektif mampu
menyingkirkan
semua jenis
bakteri dan
virus. Besarnya
pori dari
membran RO
mencapai 0.000
1
Mikron (ukuran
bakteria 0.2
Macam- Macam
Membranes :
Hollow Fine
Fiber
Membrane
Spiral Wound
Membrane
Cellulose
Acetate
Advantages:
Reverse osmosis systems have plenty of
advantages. They are friendly to the environment,
as they do not produce or use any harmful
chemicals during the process. These systems also
require a minimal amount of power. Reverse
osmosis systems work well in home filtration
systems because they are typically small in size.
Taste of the purified water is another distinct
advantage. Reverse osmosis removes dissolved
minerals and other contaminants that cause water
to smell unpleasant, taste poorly and take on
unusual colors.
Removal of dissolved minerals, metals and other
particles benefits plumbing systems. There is
nothing in the water to corrode pipes or collect as
sediment
Disadvantages:
Reverse osmosis treatments require an
enormous amount of water. Such systems
typically return as little as 5 to 15 percent of
the water pushed through the system, which
means it also takes a long time to properly
treat the water. What's left then exits the
system as waste water.
This amount of wastewater can burden home
septic systems. Water entering the reverse
osmosis system should also be free of
bacteria. While reverse osmosis systems do
remove nearly all microorganisms, the risk of
contamination through tiny leaks or
deteriorating parts prevents reverse osmosis
systems from being used to remove bacteria.