Kesejahteraan Sosial Dan Pekerjaan Sosial

Kesejahteraan Sosial dan
Pekerjaan Sosial
In Social work, empowering
people is process of helping
individuals, families, groups,
organizations, and communities
increase their personal,
interpersonal, socioeconomic,
and political strength and
influence through improving
their circumstances. (Zastrow,
2010)
11/11/2020 santosotriraharjo@unpad.ac.id 2
Social workers seek to
develop the capacity of
clients to understand their
environment, make
choices, take responsibility
for their choices, and
influence their life
situations through
organization and advocacy.
Social workers also seek to gain a
more equitable distribution of
resources and power among
different groups in society.
This focus on equity and social justice
has been a hallmark of the social work
profession (Zastrow, 2010)
Ini adalah ‘bisnis’ kesejahteraan sosial
• Menyediakan rumah bagi anak terlantar
• Merehabilitasi orang yang ketergantungan narkotika
• Mengatasi kesulitan-kesulitan emosional
• Membuat hidup lebih bermakna bagi lansia
• Menyediakan pelayanan rehabilitasi vokasional bagi
tuna fisik dan mental
• Mempertemukan kebutuhan finasial masyarakat
miskin
• Merehabilitasi anak-anak nakal dan orang-orang yang
berurusan dengan tindakan kriminal
• Mengakhiri seua jenis diskriminasi dan tekanan.
• Menyediakan pelayanan anak-anak bagi orang tua
yang bekerja di luar rumah
• Mencegah timbulnya kekerasan keluarga, kekerasan
terhadap anak, dan kekerasan oleh pasangan
• Memenuhi kebutuhan kesehatan dan hak hukum
bagi mereka yang kesulitan keuangan
• Membimbing individu-individu dan kelompok yang
mengalami beragam kesulitan personal dan sosial
• Menyediakan pelayanan bagi orang dengan AIDS
dan keluarganya dan teman-temannya
• Meyediakan pelayanan rekreasional dan leisure-time
bagi semua kelompok umur
• Mendidik dan menyediakan pengalaman sosialisasi
bagi anak-anak yang keterbatasan mental atau
gangguan emosional
• Menyediakan pelayanan bagi keluarga korban
bencana
• Menyediakan perumahan yang layak bagi tuna
wisma
• Menyediakan program-program yang mendukung
dan meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan
normal semua anak-anak dan orang dewasa
• Menyediakan pelatihan vokasional dan
peluang pekerjaan bagi tenaga kerja kurang
terlatih dan pengangguran
• Mempertemukan kebutuhan khusus bagi
pekerja migran dan kelompok minoritas
• Memberdayakan individu-individu, keluarga-
keluarga, organisasi, dan komunitas untuk
memperbaiki lingkungan sekitarnya
Social Welfare as an Institution
A nation’s system of programs, benefits, and

services that helps people those social,
economic, educational, and health needs that
are fundamental to the maintenance of society
(Barker, 2003)
Social Welfare as a Discipline
“the study of agencies, programs,

personel, and policies which focus
on the delivery of social services
to individuals, groups, and
communities”
(The American Heritage Dictionary, 2003)
Fokus Ilmu Social Welfare dengan Disiplin
Akademik Lainnya
Sociology: kajian tentang perilaku sosial manusia, khususnya asal
mula, organisasi, lembaga, dan perkembangan masyarakat
manusia.
Psychology: kajian tentang proses-proses mental dan perilakunya
Psychiatry: mengkaji diagnosa, treatment, dan pencegahan
penyakit mental
Political science: mengkaji proses, prinsip-prinsip dan struktur
pemerintahan dan kelembagaan politik.
Economic: kajian tentang produksi, distribusi, konsumsi
komoditas
Cultural anthropology: mengkaji budaya manusia berdasarkan
arkeologis, etnografis, bahasa, sosial dan data psikologis dan
metode analisis.
Fokus Ilmu Social Welfare
“...when the theories and research
have direct application to the goal
of enhancing the social
functioning of people, such
knowledge can also be considered
part of the knowledge base of
social welfare” (Zastrow,p.4,
2010)
Overlap of knowledge Base of Social Welfare with
Other Discipline
Psychology
Sociology Political
Science
Social
Welfare
Psychiatry Economics
Cultural
Anthropology
Zastrow,
11/11/2020 2010 santosotriraharjo@unpad.ac.id 13
Examples of Professional Group within the Field of
Social Welfare
Social workers
Psychiatrists Psychologists
Urban
Planners
Social Nurses
Welfare
Physicians Attorneys
Recreational
Teachers therapists
Zastrow,
11/11/2020 2010 santosotriraharjo@unpad.ac.id 14
Social Work is ...
Social work is the professional activity of

helping individuals, groups, or communities to
enhance or restore their capacity for social
functioning and to create societal conditons
favorable to their goals (NASW)
Social Work Practice...
Social work practice consist of the professional
application of social work values, principles,
and techniques to one or more of the
following ends: helping people obtain tangible
services; providing counseling and
psychotherapy for individuals, families, and
groups; helping communities or groups provide
or improve social and health services; and
participating in relevant legislative processes
The Practice of Social Work requires...
The Practice of Social work

requires knowledge of
human development and
behavior; of social
economic, and cultural
institutions; and of the
interaction of all these
factors
Social Worker as...
Graduates of school of social work (with either bachelor’s or
master degrees), who use their knowledge and skills to
provide social services for clients (who may be individuals,
families, groups, communities, organizations, or society in
general).
Social workers help people increase their capacities for
problem solving and coping and help them obtain needed
resources, fascilitate interactions between individuals and
between individuals and between people and their
environments, make organizations responsible to people,
and social policies
Hubungan Social Welfare dgn
Human Services
Alfred Khan membagi pelayanan manusia ke

dalam 4 kategori:
A. Personal services
B. Protection services
C. Information/advising services
D. Maitenance services
Social Welfare vs Human Services
Social welfare is limited Human services is
term because it broader term because
focuses on it includes services
conceptualizing and that usually non
resolving social considered social
programs welafar services
Pandangan residual vs intitusional tentang
Social Welfare
Residual: Institutional:
Pelayanan Program2 kesejahteraan
kesejahteraan sosial sosial harus
hanya diberikan ketika ada/diterima, sebagai
institusi fungsi legitimate dari
kemasyarakatan masyarakat industri
(keluarga dan ekonomi modern dalam
pasar) gagal memenuhi membantu individu
kebutuhan memenuhi
kebutuhannya

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Kesejahteraan Sosial Dan Pekerjaan Sosial

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Kesejahteraan Sosial dan

A nation’s system of programs, benefits, and

“the study of agencies, programs,

Social work is the professional activity of

The Practice of Social work

Alfred Khan membagi pelayanan manusia ke

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