PENATALAKSANAAN

TERAPI KERACUNAN
BAHAN KIMIA
RUMAH TANGGA

Di Susun Oleh :
Mira Sylvia 1905055
 PENDAHULUAN
Berhati-hatilah menggunakan produk-produk rumah tangga

Pasalnya, penggunaan barang-barang tersebut sebagian besar mengan-

dung zat - zat yang berpotensi beracun, seperti detergen, pemutih pakaian,
dan
pencair cat.
Tak hanya itu, lemari obat pun memungkinkan simpanan kandungan obat
bebas dan obat resep yang beracun bila diminum dalam dosis berlebi-
han. Belum lagi ancaman kehadiran tumbuhan beracun di halaman
rumah.
Lebih dari 90% kejadian keracunan bahan kimia berlaku di rumah. Se-
tiap tahun, kasus ini banyak dialami oleh anak-anak dengan tidak sen-
gaja.

Di kalangan anak-anak yang berumur 5 tahun ke bawah, sebanyak 57 %

keracunan yang melibatkan produk-produk bukan farmaseutikal seperti alat
kosmetik, bahan pencuci, tumbuh-tumbuhan, racun perusak dan alat
melukis.

Selebihnya yang 43 % lagi melibatkan keracunan terhadap obat - obatan

 DEFINISI KERACUNAN

Keracunan adalah masuknya Keracunan adalah reaksi kimia

suatu zat dalam tubuh dalam yang merusak jaringan tubuh
jumlah tertentu dapat atau mengganggu fungsi tubuh
menyebabkan reaksi tubuh
yang tidak diinginkan bahkan
dapat menimbulkan kematian
Racun Dapat Masuk
Ke Dalam Tubuh Melalui :
01 Mulut ( Alat Pencernaan, Oral )

02 Pernafasan ( Inhalasi)

03 Kontak

04 Penyerapan (Kulit, Sentuhan/Gigitan)

05 Anus atau Vagina

 Keracunan dapat diklasifikasikan
berdasarkan lima bahan penyebabnya yaitu :
1. Makan dan Minuman 2. Bahan Kimia
Makanan dan Minuman yang Toksikan = bahan racun berupa padat
sudah tercemar racun cair gas baik yang mudah menguap
atau tidak menguap.
Toksikan ini dapat menimbulkan
penyakit pada kulit, mata, organ
dalam, dan saluran pencernaan.
terbagi menjadi :
 Kimia industri : timbal, bahan ko-
rosif, hidrokarbon, alkohol dan
glikol,
logam, gas beracun, asam dan
basa kuat
 Rumah tangga contoh : detergen,
sabun cuci, dan parfum, insektisida
desinfekta
3. Pestisida
Terbagi menjadi :
 Pestisida pertanian contoh :
racun serangga, racun tikus,
racun rumput / gulma, racun
nematoda, racun fungi / jamur
racun untuk keong / siput
racun larva, racun untuk rayap
 Pestisida rumah tangga
contoh : racun serangga,
racun tikus, obat nyamuk
 Keracunan dapat diklasifikasikan
berdasarkan lima bahan penyebabnya yaitu :

4. Alam 5. Obat-Obatan

Terbagi menjadi : Terbagi menjadi :

 Tanaman & tanaman beracun contoh tanaman
yang mengandung tetradotoksin, asam jengko-
lat,
singkong beracun, jamur, opium, ganja, kokain
 Pencemar contoh bahan polutan (timbal), korosif
 Obat – obatan contoh analgetik ( parasetamol,
aspirin, dan lain – lain ), antibiotic, sedative,
anti depresan
 napza ( narkotika, psikotropika, dan zat adiktif )
 Obat tradisional

 Lingkungan contoh pencemaran lingkungan baik

tanah, air, udara yang disebabkan oleh
bermacam-macam polutan seperti hidrokarbon,
cemaran mikroba, karbon monoksida
 Hewan berbisa, contoh bisa ular
1. Bekerja secara local atau setempat, contoh :
Zat – zat korosif : lisol, asam dan basa kuat
Yang bersifat iritan : arsen, HgCl2
Yang bersifat anestetik : kokain, asam karbol

2. Bekerja secara sistemik, contoh :

Narkotika, barbiturate, dan alcohol terutama berpengaruh
terhadap susunan saraf pusat
Asam oksalat, terutama berpengaruh terhadap jantung
Sianida, berpengaruh terhadap system enzim pernafasan d
sel Insert the title of your subtitle Here
Insektisida dan golongan fosfor organic, berpengaruh terhad
hati
HgCl2, berpengaruh terhadap ginjal

3. Bekerja secara local dan sistemik, contoh :

Asam oksalat, Asam karbol, Arsen, Garam timbal ( Pb )
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