Overview Disentri Basiler
Overview Disentri Basiler
Basiler
Dimas Aqiel Baihaqi P
2108260175
01. 02.
Definition Etiologi
Disentri basiler merupakan penyakit infeksi usus yang diakibatkan oleh beberapa jenis basil gram
negatif dari Genus Shigella. Secara umum terdapat 4 spesies Shigella yang menyebabkan disentri basiler,
meliputi Shigella dysenteriae, Shigella flexneri, Shigella boydii, dan Shigella sonnei.
02.
Etiologi
Etiologi
Salah satu penyebab disentri yaitu infeksi bakteri yang menyerang sistem
pencernaan. Infeksi tersebut meliputi berbagai jenis bakteri, antara lain:
• Shigella,
• Campylobacter,
• E. coli, dan
• Salmonella.
Keempat jenis bakteri tersebut bisa dijumpai pada feses orang yang
terinfeksi dan menyebar melalui banyak cara, yaitu:
• tidak mencuci tangan sebelum makan.
• konsumsi makanan dan minuman yang terkontaminasi bakteri.
• memegang benda atau bagian tubuh yang terpapar bakteri.
• berenang di air yang terkontaminasi, baik danau maupun kolam renang.
• Selain secara fekal oral, Shigella dysenteriae juga dapat menular melalui
hubungan seksual seperti pada kasus homoseksual. Manusia merupakan
reservoir natural satu satunya bakteri Shigella dysenteriae.
Obat pertama :
-Trimetopin
- Sulfametoksazol(Bactrim) 2 x 2 tablet (960mg)/hari
selama 3-5 hari.
- Ciprofloxacin (quinolon) 2 x 500 mg/hari selama 3 hari.
Obat alternatif :
-Diet
Klasifikasi disentri
Joya shaloom razade
2108260103
Disentri amoeba (amoebiasis)
Penyebabnya adalah entamoeba
histolytica.
Disentri basiler
Penyebabnya adalah bakteri shigella,
eschericia coli enteroinvasif (EIEC),
salmonella, campylobacter jejuni.
Gejala
BAB dengan tinja BAB dengan tinja
01 berdarah 03 bercampur lendir
b. Biakan tinja :
Media : agar MacConkey, xylose-lysine deoxycholate (XLD).
d. Pemeriksaan endoskopi :
Mukosa hemorragik yang terlepas dan ulserasi, kadang tertutup eksudat.
Diagnosis
• Pemeriksaan khusus
a. PCR (polymerase chain reaction) spesifik dan sensitif
b. Enzim immunoassay mendeteksi toksin dalam tinja
c. Sigmoideskopi untuk pemeriksaan sitologi
Pencegahan
1. Selalu mencuci tangan dengan air dan sabun, terutama sebelum makan,
memasak, menyiapkan makanan, dan setelah buang air besar, serta
mengganti popok bayi.
2. Hindari kontak langsung dengan pengidap disentri.
3. Hindari penggunaan handuk yang sama dengan pengidap disentri.
4. Gunakan air panas untuk mencuci pakaian pengidap disentri.
5. Hindari tertelan air ketika berenang di fasilitas umum.
6. Selalu bersihkan toilet dengan desinfektan setiap selesai digunakan.
7. Hindari memakan buah-buahan yang dikupas oleh orang lain.
8. Selalu mengonsumsi air yang telah dimasak hingga mendidih dan air di
botol yang masih tertutup rapat.
9. Hindari es batu yang dijual sembarangan oleh karena kemungkinan
terkontaminasi kuman.
Kapan harus ke dokter?
1. Diare disertai darah atau diare yang cukup parah.
2. Sakit saat buang air besar.Muntah berulang-ulang.
3. Demam tinggi.
4. Penurunan berat badan secara drastis.
5. Memunculkan gejala dehidrasi, seperti merasa sangat kehausan,
pusing, jantung berdebar.
Edukasi
1. Perbanyak minum air putih
2. Hindari makanan manis dan pedas
3. Menjelaskan aturan minum tentang obat yang akan dikonsumsi
pasien
4. Memasak makanan sampai matang
5. Para ibu perlu diedukasi untuk memberikan air susu ibu pada bayi
baru lahir hingga berusia minimal 6 bulan, karena didalam air susu
ibu terdapat zat yang dapat meningkatkan kekebalan tubuh pada
anak.
6. Masyarakat juga perlu diedukasi untuk segera memeriksakan diri ke
fasilitas kesehatan jika mengalami diare berdarah.
Referensi
1. Williams PCM, Berkley JA. Guidelines for the treatment of dysentery (shigellosis): a systematic
review of the evidence. Paediatrics and International Child Health. 2018;38(sup1):S50–S65.
Available at: https://doi.org/10.1080/20469047.2017.1409454
3. Willliams P, Berkley JA. Dysentry (Shigellosis) Current WHO Guidelines and The WHO Essential
Medicine List for Children. 2016. Available at:
https://www.who.int/selection_medicines/committees/expert/21/applications/
s6_paed_antibiotics_appendix5_dysentery.pdf
Physical examination
Windpipe Liver
Jupiter is the biggest Earth is the planet
planet of them all where we all live
Stomach Intestine
Saturn is a gas giant Despite being red, Mars
and has several rings is a cold place
To reinforce the
concept, try using an
image
Images reveal large amounts of data, so
remember: use an image instead of a long
text. Your audience will appreciate it
Discussion
“Neptune is the farthest planet from the Sun
and the fourth-largest in our Solar System!”
—John James
“Mars is a cold place. It’s full of iron oxide dust,
which gives the planet its reddish cast”
—Laura Patterson
“Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun and
also the smallest one in our Solar System”
—Monique Nelson
Discussion summary
● They’re simple
● You can organize your ideas clearly
● You’ll never forget to buy milk!
Surgery Medication
Mercury is the closest planet to Venus has a beautiful name
the Sun and the smallest one in and is the second planet from
the Solar System—it’s only a bit the Sun. It’s hot and has a
larger than the Moon poisonous atmosphere
Patient monitoring
10% 15%
Week 1 Week 2
Mars is actually a very Mercury is the closest
cold place planet to the Sun
50% 25%
Week 4 Week 3
Jupiter is the biggest Venus is the second
planet of them all planet from the Sun
Don't & Do
Contraindications Indications
● Describe the reasons to stop the ● Describe the reasons to start the
treatment here treatment here
● Describe the reasons to stop the ● Describe the reasons to start the
treatment here treatment here
● Describe the reasons to stop the ● Describe the reasons to start the
treatment here treatment here
● Describe the reasons to stop the ● Describe the reasons to start the
treatment here treatment here
“This is a quote, words full of wisdom
that someone important said and can
make the reader get inspired.”
—Someone Famous
Post-prevention
Checkups Medicines
Venus is the second Jupiter is the biggest
planet from the Sun planet of them all
Examinations Contact
Saturn is a gas giant and Neptune is the farthest
has several rings planet from the Sun
Case timeline
Venus is the second Mars is actually a very
planet from the Sun cold place
Venus Mars
01 02 03 04 05
Saturn
Saturn is a gas giant and
has several rings
Neptune
Neptune is the farthest
planet from the Sun
Findings
10% 15%
X-ray Gastroscopy
Venus is the second Mars is actually a very
planet from the Sun cold place
25% 50%
Colonoscopy Endoscopy Follow the link in the graph to
modify its data and then paste
Jupiter is the biggest Venus is the second the new one here.
planet of them all planet from the Sun For more info, click here
150,000
Big numbers catch your audience’s attention
9h 55m 23s
Jupiter's rotation period
333,000
The Sun’s mass compared to Earth’s
386,000 km
Distance between Earth and the Moon
Conclusions
● Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun and
the smallest one in the Solar System
● Despite being red, Mars is a very cold planet
full of iron oxide dust. This is what gives the
planet its color
● Venus has a beautiful name and is the
second planet from the Sun. It’s terribly hot,
even hotter than Mercury, and its
atmosphere is extremely poisonous
References
● AUTHOR (YEAR). Title of publication. Publisher
● AUTHOR (YEAR). Title of publication. Publisher
● AUTHOR (YEAR). Title of publication. Publisher
● AUTHOR (YEAR). Title of publication. Publisher
● AUTHOR (YEAR). Title of publication. Publisher
● AUTHOR (YEAR). Title of publication. Publisher
● AUTHOR (YEAR). Title of publication. Publisher
● AUTHOR (YEAR). Title of publication. Publisher
Desktop
software
You can replace the image on
the screen with your own
work. Just right-click on it and
select “Replace image”
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