RADIOAKTIVITA

SKelompok 4 :
1. Intan Purnamasari S
2. Lutfi Putri Annisa
3. M Saeful Anwar
4. M Azmi Sucindi
01

PENGERTIAN
Radioaktivitas adalah fenomena
alam yang melibatkan peluruhan
inti atom dan pelepasan radiasi.
Fenomena ini memiliki dampak
dalam bidang kesehatan,
lingkungan, dan industri.
02

DASAR TEORI
 Konsep dasar radioaktivitas
 Interaksi radiasi dengan materi
Konsep dasar radioaktivitas
Radioaktivitas terjadi ketika inti atom
tidak stabil dan mengalami peluruhan
untuk mencapai kestabilan. Peluruhan ini
dapat menghasilkan berbagai jenis
radiasi, termasuk alfa, beta, dan gamma.
Interaksi radiasi dengan materi
Radiasi yang dihasilkan dari peluruhan inti
atom dapat berinteraksi dengan materi,
menyebabkan efek ionisasi dan efek radiasi
pada materi tersebut.
METODE
PENGUKURAN
RADIOAKTIVITAS
• Alat pengukur
• Prosedur pengukuran

03
Alat pengukur
Terdapat bebrapa alat pengukur yang umum digunakan, antara lain :
1. Geiger-Muller counter
2. Scintillation counter
3. Detektor ionisasi
4. Spektrometri gamma
Prosedur pengukuran
Proses pengukuran melibatkan langkah – langkah seperti :
1. Kalibrasi instrumen
2. Penempatan instrumen di tempat yang sesuai
3. Pengukuran sampel radiasi
 Proses Peluruhan Radioaktif
Kestabilan inti Peluruhan Sinar Beta
Netron dalam inti berfungsi menjaga gaya tolak-
Salah satu bentuk peluruhan sinar beta adalah
menolak antar proton. Oleh karena itu kestabilan
peluruhan neutron
inti ditentukan oleh perbandingan banyaknya
proton dengan netron.

Peluruhan Sinar Alfa Peluruhan Sinar Gamma

Suatu inti yang tidak stabil dapat meluruh Suatu inti atom yang berada dalam keadaan
menjadi inti yang lebih ringan dengan tereksitasi dapat kembali ke keadaan dasar
memancarkan partikel alfa. Pada peluruhan (ground state) yang lebih stabil dengan
alfa terjadi pembebasan energi. memancarkan sinar gamma.
APLIKASI PENGUKURAN
RADIOAKTIVITAS

04
 APLIKASI PENGUKURAN
RADIOAKTIVITAS DI BERBAGAI
BIDANG

KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN INDUSTRI

Pengukuran dosis radiasi Pemantauan radioaktivitas Pengukuran radiaktivitas
dalam pelayanan medis dan di air, udara, dan tanah serta dalam limbah industri,
deteksi radionuklida dalam dampaknya pada ekosistem. kontrol kualitas, dan
diagnosis medis. keamanan proses industri
yang melibatkan bahan
radioaktif.
 05

TANTANGAN DAN INOVASI TERKINI

 Tantangan Dalam Pengukuran Radioaktivitas
 Inovasi Teknologi

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Tantangan Dalam Pengukuran
Radioaktivitas Inovasi Teknologi

Sensitivitas instrumen dan Pengembangan instrumen baru dan

interpretasi data yang kompleks penerapan kecerdasan buatan dalam
merupakan beberapa tantangan analisis data menjadi tren terkini
utama yang dihadapi dalam dalam pengukuran radioaktivitas.
pengukuran radioaktivitas.
 1.Jenis radiasi
Radiasi eksterna Radiasi interna
merupakan radiasi yang berasal Radiasi interna, adalah masuknya
dari luar tubuh manusia yang radionuklida pada tubuh
dapat memberikan radiasi manusia melalui saluran
total pada tubuh atau pernapasan, saluran
partial/sebagian. pencernaan, dan luka pada
kulit.
2. Lamanya penyinaran.
3. Jarak sumber dengan tubuh.
4. Ada tidaknya penghalang antara sumber
dengan tubuh.
Beberapa efek biologi pada manusia
1.Efek genetik
Efek biologi dari radiasi ionisasi pada generasi yang belum lahir disebut
efek genetik. Efek ini timbul karena kerusakan molekul DNA pada
sperma atau ovarium akibat radiasi. Atau, bila radiasi berinteraksi
dengan makro molekul DNA, dapat memodifikasi struktur molekul
ini dengan cara memecah kromosom atau mengubah jumlah DNA
yang terdapat dalam sel melalui perubahan informasi genetik sel
 2. Efek somatik
Bila organisme (seperti manusia) yang terkena radiasi mengalami kerusakan
biologi sebagai akibat penyinaran, efek penyinaran tersebut
diklasifikasikan sebagai efek somatik. Efek ini tergantung pada lamanya
terkena radiasi sampai pertama timbulnya gejala kerusakan radiasi.
Selanjutnya diklasifikasikan sebagai efek somatik jangka pendek atau
jangka panjang.
 Klasifikasi efek somasi :
3. Efek somatik jangka pendek
Efek ini timbul dalam waktu beberapa menit, jam, atau minggu sejak
penyinaran radiasi.beberapa efek somatik jangaka pendek:

1.indrom radiasi akut

2.Sindrom hemapotoetik(Sindrom tulang)
3.Sindrom gastrointestinal
4.Sindrom sistem saraf pusat
 KESIMPULAN
“Hasil penelitian dan temuan
terkait metode, instrumen, dan
aplikasi pengukuran
radioaktivitas.”
— Kelompok 4
 SEKIAN
&
TERIMAKASIH
 Some biochemistry facts

Fact no.1 Fact no.2 Fact no.3

Mercury is the closest Venus has a beautiful name, Despite being red, Mars is a
planet to the Sun but it’s hot cold place

Fact no.4 Fact no.5 Fact no.6

Jupiter is the biggest planet Saturn is a gas giant and the Neptune is the farthest
in the System only planet with rings planet from the Sun
A picture is
worth a
thousand
words
 150,000
Big numbers catch your audience’s
attention
 386,000 333,000
Despite being red, Mars Saturn is a gas giant with
is a cold place rings

150,000
Venus has a very
beautiful name
 Percentage comparisons

35% 75%

Saturn Venus
Saturn is the planet and the only Venus has a beautiful name but
planet with rings is very hot
 This is a map

Saturn
Saturn is the planet
with a ring around it

Venus
Venus has a beautiful
name but is very hot
 Learning plan

Mars Mercury Saturn Venus

01 02 03 04

Despite being red, Mercury is the Saturn is a gas giant Venus has a
Mars is a very cold closest planet to the and the only planet beautiful name, but
place full of iron Sun with rings it’s hot
 Data visualization

Mercury
Mercury is the closest
planet to Sun

Venus
It has a beautiful name,
but it’s very hot

Follow the link in the graph to modify its data and then paste the new
one here. For more info, click here
 How popular is biochemistry?

20/100
Neptune
Neptune is the farthest
planet from the Sun

80/100
Mercury
Mercury is the closest
planet to the Sun Follow the link in the graph to modify its data and then paste
the new one here. For more info, click here
 Molecular structures

Mars 75%
Despite being red, Mars
is a very cold planet

Saturn
● Saturn is a gas giant
and has several rings
Mercury ● Its atmosphere
Mercury is the closest composed mostly of
planet to the Sun hydrogen and helium
 Here’s a table

Molecule 1 Molecule 2 Molecule 3

Mercury 235 128 327

Mars 0.11 0.53 0.38

Saturn 12 32 11
 More percentages

60% 30% 80%

Mercury Venus Mars

Mercury is the closest planet Venus has a beautiful name Despite being red, Mars is a
to the Sun but it’s very hot very cold place
 Mercury
1,500 Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun and the
smallest one in the Solar System—it’s only a
bit larger than the Moon

Venus
2,700 Venus has a beautiful name and is the second
planet from the Sun. It’s hot and has a
poisonous atmosphere

Saturn
3,000 Saturn is a gas giant and has several rings. It's
composed mostly of hydrogen and helium. It
was named after a Roman god
 Exercise
Mercury is the closest planet to the
Sun and the smallest one in the Solar
System—it’s only a little bit larger
than our satellite, Moon
 Question 1
Which molecules can break
Disaccharidases enzymes?

A Fructose C Starch

B Sucrose D Your own answer

 Question 2

A 1000-2000

How many
glucose units B 2000-3000
are in starch?

C 3000 or more
 Question 3

Aerobic respiration is one of the example

of oxygen dependent metabolism that
breaks down organic compounds and
produces ATP

True False
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