Analisis terjemahan kata-kata bijak dalam terjemahan buku The 48 Laws OF Power karya Robert Greene Endry Purwaningsih

h Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan mendeskripsikan teknik-teknik penerjemahan, keakuratan terjemahan, kealamiahan terjemahan, serta bentuk-bentuk terjemahan kata-kata bijak dalam buku teks The 48 Laws of Power karya Robert Greene dan terjemahannya 48 Hukum Kekuasaan oleh Amelia Listiani. Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik purposive sampling. Sumber data meliputi dokumen dan informan. Data penelitian berupa teks-teks singkat yang berisi kata-kata bijak dalam buku teks The 48 Laws of Power dan terjemahannya 48 Hukum Kekuasaan. Metode analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan model analisis etnografi. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan analisis bentuk kata-kata bijak bahasa sumber dan terjemahannya menunjukkan, bahwa mayoritas data kata-kata bijak 89 butir (95,70%) memiliki bentuk yang sama di Bsu dan di Bsa, sedangkan 4 butir data (4,30%)memiliki perbedaan bentuk di Bsu dan di Bsa. Bentuk-bentuk kata-kata bijak tsb. sbb.: maxim 47 (50.54%), saying 10 (10,75%), aphorism 11 (11,83%), epigram 6 (6,45%), motto 7 (7,53%), proverb 2 (2,15%), adage 1 (1,07%), kata-kata bijak kontraversial 5 (5,38%), serta kata-kata bijak yang berubah di Bsa 4 (4,30%). 93 data terjemahan kata-kata bijak menggunakan 326 kali penggunaan teknik penerjemahan dalam 13 macam teknik penerjemahan. Berikut ini deskripsi frekuensi penggunaan teknik penerjemahan: harfiah 77 (23,55%), penambahan 49 (14,98%), transposisi 32 (9,79%), amplifikasi 31 (9,48%), generalisasi 31 (9,48%), penghilangan 30 (9,17%), modulasi 21 (6,89%), kompensasi 20 (6,12%), peminjaman alamiah 16 (4,89%), peminjaman murni 7 (2,14%), partikularisasi 7 (2,14%), inversi 4 (1,22%), dan reduksi 2 (0,61%). Temuan lain terkait dengan penelitian ini, yakni terjemahan dilakukan dengan teknik tunggal 2 ragam, teknik doublet 6 ragam, teknik triplet 27 ragam, teknik quartet 23 ragam, teknik quintet 10 ragam, teknik sextet 5 ragam , dan teknik septet 1 ragam. Berdasarkan keakuratan terjemahan, 75 data (80,65%) terjemahan akurat, 16 data (17,20%) terjemahan kurang akurat, dan 2 data (2,15%) terjemahan tidak akurat. Kealamiaham terjemahan, 42 data (45,16%) terjemahan alamiah, 36 data (38,71%) terjemahan kurang alamiah, dan 15 data (16,13%) terjemahan tidak alamiah. Sedangkan keterbacaan terjemahan diketahui 59 data (63,44%) memiliki keterbacaan tinggi, 22 data (23,66%). Keterbacaan sedang, dan 12 data (12,90%) keterbacaan rendah. Hasil kajian menunjukkan tingkat keterbacaan belum tinggi, karena penerjemah mengedepankan keakuratan terjemahan. Penerjemahan kata-kata bijak melibatkan transfer nilai-nilai falsafah. Oleh sebab itu, penerjemah seharusnya setelah menganalisis kata-kata bijak akan dapat menerjemahkannya dengan lebih baik, sehingga dalam persepsi budaya yang berbeda, terjemahan tsb. memiliki tidak hanya kedekatan makna, tetapi juga kedekatan bentuk untuk dapat dipahami oleh pembaca sasarannya. This research aimed at analyzing and describing techniques, accuracy, naturalness, and forms of the translation of wisdom words in The 48 Laws of Power by Robert Greene and its translation, 48 Hukum Kekuasaan, by Amelia Listiani. This research was a descriptive-qualitative method by a purposive-sampling technique. The data sources included the document and informants. The data are short texts containing wisdom words in the text book, The 48 laws of Power, and its translation, 48 Hukum Kekuasaan. The method of the data analysis was an ethnographic analysis model. The result of the research based on the analysis of the wisdom-word forms of the source language as well as the target language shows that the majority of wisdom-word data 89 (95,70%) has similar forms within source language as well as target language, while the minority of them 4 (4,30%) has different forms of wisdom words between source language and target language. The forms of the wisdom words, i.e. maxim 47 (50.54%), saying 10 (10,75%), aphorism 11 (11,83%), epigram 6 (6,45%), motto 7 (7,53%), proverb 2 (2,15%), adage 1 (1,07%), the forms of controversial wisdom words 5 (5,38%), and the forms of wisdom words which have different forms within target language 4 (4,30%). The total usage of translation techniques of the 93 data of wisdom words is 326 within 13 kinds of translation technique. The description of translation-technique employing frequency is literal 77 (23,55%), addition 49 (14,98%), transposition 32 (9,79%), amplification 31 (9,48%), generalization 31 (9,48%), omission 30 (9,17%), modulation 21 (6,89%), compensation 20 (6,12%), naturalized borrowing 16 (4,89%), pure borrowing 7 (2,14%), particularization 7 (2,14%), inversion 4 (1,22%), and reduction 2 (0,61%). There are another findings related to the research, i.e. translation of 2 styles of single technique, 6 styles of doublet, 27 styles of triplet, 23 styles of quartet, 10 styles of quintet, 5 styles of sextet, and a style of septet. Based on the accuracy of a

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translation, there are 75 data (80,65%) of accurate translations, 16 data (17,20%) of less-accurate translations, and 2 data (2,15%) of the least-accurate translations. The naturalness of a translation, 42 data (45,16%) of natural translations, 36 data (38,71%) of less-natural translations, and 15 data (16,13%) of least-natural translations. While, readability of translation is shown by 59 data (63,44%) of high readability, 22 data (23,66%) of less readability, and 12 data (12,90%) of least readability. The result of the analysis shows that the readability-rating hasnt been significant yet, for the translator emphasized the accuracy of a translation. The translation of wisdom words involves a transfer of philosophical values. A translator should be able to translate them better after analyzing. So, within different cultural-perception, the translation of wisdom words has not only a close meaning, but also a close form in order to be understood by its target readers.

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