Biomaterial
Biomaterial
Biomaterial
Bahan sintetik yang digunakan untuk alat
sebagai bagian dari sistem yang masih
hidup ,dan juga sebagai alat yang ketika
berfungsi akan kontak dengan jaringan
hidup
Park dan Bronzino (2004)
4 Grup Biomaterial
1. Logam (Ti and its alloys, Co-Cr alloys,
stainless steels, Au, Ag, Pt, etc)
2. Keramik (aluminum oxide, calcium
phosphates including hydroxyapatite,
carbon)
3. Polimer (nylon, silicone rubber, PMMA
polyester, polytetrafuoroethylen)
4. Komposit (fiber reinforced composite)
Biokompatibilitas
Kemampuan suatu bahan untuk tidak
menimbulkan respon biologis yang
merugikan jika bahan tersebut diletakkan
di dalam tubuh
Kemampuan suatu bahan untuk
menghasilkan sebuah kesesuaian
terhadap respon tubuh pada sebuah
aplikasi khusus yang menghasilkan
interakasi antara tubuh dengan bahan
(2)
Usage
Usage
Secondary
Primary
Primary
Secondary
In vivo test :
Advantages:
- allows complex systemic interaction
- response more comprehensive
- more relevant
Disadvantages:
- relevance to use of materials questionable
- time consuming
- legal / ethical concerns
- difficult to control
- difficult to interpret and quantity
Usage test
Advantages :
- relevance to use of material is assured
Disadvantages:
- very expensive
- very time consuming
- major legal/ethical issue
- can be difficult to control
- difficult to interpret and quantity
Initials Tests
Short term systemic toxicity test: Oral route
Acute systemic toxicity test: Intravenous route
Inhalation toxicity test
Hemolysis test
Ames mutagenicity test
Styles cell transformation test
Dominant lethal test (LD50)
In vitro cytotoxicity test (Cr release)
Cytotoxicity test (Millipore filter)
Tissue culture agar overlay test
Secondary Tests
- Subcutaneous implant test
- Bone Implant
- Sensitization test
- Oral mucous membrane irritation test
Usage Test
- Oral mucous membrane irritation test
- Pulp and dentin test
- Pulp capping and pulpotomy test
- Endodontic usage test
- Bone implant usage test
Referensi
Park J. B., dan Bronzino J.D., 2004, Biomaterials : principles and
applications.CRC Press
Annusavice, K.J., 2003. Philips Science of Dental Material, 11 ed. W.B.
Saunders Company
Craig R.G. Dan Powers J.M., 2004, Restorative Dental Materials 11 ed.
Mosby
McCabe J.B dan Walls W.G., 2008. Applied Dental Materials. 9 th. Ed.,
Blackwell Pub. Oxford.
Van Noort R., 2007, Introduction to Dental Material, 3 rd ed., Mosby
London.
Williams D.F., 2008, On the mechanisms of biocompatibility. J.
Biomaterials 29, hal.2941-2953.
Wataha J.C., 2001. Principles of Biocompatibility for Dental Practitioners.
The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry Vol. 86 No.2 (203-209)