Kinema Tika
Kinema Tika
Gerak benda
Besaran-besaran kinematika
Posisi (r)
Perpindahan (
r)
Kecepatan rata-rata
(<v>)
Kecepatan sesaat (v)
Percepatan rata-rata
(<a>)
Percepatan sesaat (a)
Jarak (d)
Panjang lintasan (s)
Laju rata-rata (<v>)
Laju (v)
Perlajuan rata-rata
(<a>)
Perlajuan (a)
skalar
vektor
Vektor posisi
r = 3i + 2 j + 5k m
v= v
v v 2 v1
=
a =
t
t
v dv
a = lim a = lim
=
t 0
t 0 t
dt
Interpretasi grafis
avr
avr
to
v(t ) = at + v o
t
Jika r(to) = ro
to
1 2
r(t ) = at + v ot + ro
2
a, v dan r
Syarat awal
v (t ) = adt = g jdt = gt j + C
voy
v(0) = v ox i + v oy j
vox
Kecepatan benda
v(t ) = v ox i + (gt + v oy ) j
vdt = (v
= v oxt i + (
ox i
gt 2
2
+ ( gt + v oy ) j dt
+ v oyt ) j + C '
Gerak parabola
g (0) 2
+ v oy (0)) j + C '
gt 2
2
+ v oyt ) j
y(t)
Gerak parabola
x (t ) = v oxt t =
x
v ox
y (t ) =
gt 2
2
+ v oyt
g x
y (x ) =
2 v ox
g
=
2v 2
ox
x
+ v oy
ox
2 v oy
x +
v
ox
Gerak parabola
Gerak parabola
2 v oy
x +
v
ox
2v oxv oy
x x 1 = 0; x 2 =
2v oxv oy
Gerak parabola
t x max
x max 2v oxv oy 2v oy
=
=
=
v ox
gv ox
g
t y max
v oy
=
g
y max
y (t ) =
v oy
g
g
=
2
gt 2
2
t y max
+ v oyt
+ v v oy
oy
g
v oy
=
2g
v oy
=
g
Gerak parabola
Gerak parabola
Gerak parabola
Gerak parabola
Gerak parabola
Gerak parabola
(c)
Dapat dinyatakan
s = r
r konstan
ds
d
v=
=r
= r
dt
dt
d 2s
d 2
a = 2 = r 2 = r
dt
dt
Gerak lingkar
dr
dr
d
r d
dr
v =
=
r+r
=
r + r
dt
dt
dt dt
dt
2
dv
d r
dr
2
a=
= 2 r
r + 2 + r
dt dt
dt
Gerak lingkar
v = r
a a c = r
r
percepatan sentripetal,
arahnya radial
Gerak lingkar
Gerak lingkar
P
C
Gerak lingkar
v = v x i + v y j = ( v sin )i + (v cos )j
yp
xp
sin =
; cos =
r
r
yp xp
d
v v dy p v dx p
i + v
j maka a =
i +
j
v = v
=
r
r
dt
r
dt
r
dt
dy p
= v y = v cos
dt
dx p
= v x = v sin
dt
v2
d v v 2
=
cos i +
sin j
a=
r
r
dt
a = a = ax 2 + ay 2
v2
v2
2
2
=
cos + sin =
r
r
ay
sin
tan =
=
= tan
a x cos
=
Arah percepatan
menuju titik
pusat
Gerak relatif
Gerak relatif