ADA 3
1. Baja karbon
2. Baja paduan rendah mutu
3. Baja paduan
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strain
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Fu (MPa)
minimum
Fy (MPa)
minimum
Peregangan
(%)
BJ 34
340
210
22
BJ 37
370
240
20
BJ 41
410
250
18
BJ 50
500
290
16
BJ 55
550
410
13
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NOTASI
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12
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13
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14
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15
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17
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19
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Kombinasi pembebanan
The required strength is defined in the AISC
LRFD Specification as the maximum (absolute
value) force obtained from the following load
combinations.
1.4D
1.2D + 1.6L + 0.5 (L, or S or R)
1.2D + 1.6 (L, or ,S or R) + (0.5L or 0.8142)
1.2D + 1.3W + 0.5L + 0.5 (L, or S or R)
1.2D + 1.5E + (0.5r or 0.2S)
0.9D * (I.3W or 1.5E)
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23
24
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Contoh (2)
Balok lantai W21x50, jarak antar balok 10 m
center-to-center, mendukung dead load
65 N/m2 and a live load of 40 N/m2. Tentukan
kombinasi beban yang menentukan kekuatan
perlu maksimum?
Total dead load D = 50N/m + 65 N/m2 x 10.0
m=700N/m
Total live load L = 40N/m2 x 10.0 m = 400 N/m
As in Prob. (1), Lr= S= R =W = E=0.
The two relevant load combinations are
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Contoh (3)
2.3. Roof design loads include a dead
load of 35 lb/ft2, a live (or snow) load of 21
lb/ft2, and a wind pressure of L 5 lb/ft2
(upward or downward). Determine the
governing loading.
The six load combinations are
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Load Combination
Factored Load, lb/ft2
(A.4-1) 1.4 x 35
= 49
(A.3-2) 1.2x35+0+0.5x25
= 55
(A.4-3) 1.2x35 + 1.6 x 25 + 0.8 x 15 = 94
(A.4-4) 1.2x35+1.3x 15 + 0 + 0.5 x 25 = 74
(A.4-5)
7.2x35+0+0.2x25
=47
(A.4-6)
0.9 x 35 - 1.3 x 15
=12
The third load combination governs; it has
2
a total factored load of 94 lb/ft. lb/ft
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Contoh (4)
The axial forces on a building column from
the code-specified loads have been
calculated as 200 kips of dead load, 150
kips (reduced) floor live load, 25 kips from
the roof (.r-., or S or R),100 kips from
wind, and 40 kips from earthquake.
Determine the required strength of the
column.
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Load Comb.
Factored Axial Forced (kN)
1.4x200 =280
1.2x200 + 1.6 x 150+0.5 x 25 =493
1.2x200 + 1.6 x 25 + 0.5 x 150 =355
I.2x200 +1.6x25+0.8x 100 =360
1.2x200 + 1.3 x 100 + 0.5 x 150 + 0.5 x 25 =458
1.2x200 + 1.5 x 40+ 0.5 x 150 =375
1.2x200 + 1.5 x 40+0.2x25 =305
0.9x200-1.3x100 =50
0.9 x 200 - 1.5 x 40 =120
The required strength for the column is 493 kN,
based on the second load combination.
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Allowable
Stress Design
(ASD)
Load and
Resistance
Factor Design
(LRFD)
Beban
Tegangan
Tiap strength or
resistance
faktornya
berbeda
Persyaratan
Actual stressallowable
stress
iQi Rn
Keadaan kekuatan batas
dan keadaan kemampuanlayan batas
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ASD
Actual stress = force/section area
= P/A
atau
Actual stress = moment/section modulus
= M/S
Allowable stress = yield stress/factor of
safety
= Fy/FS
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LRFD
KEADAAN KEKUATAN BATAS (STRENGTH
LIMIT STATES) harus dipenuhi ini tekait dengan
KAPASITAS BEBAN MAKSIMUM (seperti plastic
hinge dan buckling)persyaratan baca SNI 031729-2002pasal 6.3
Keadaan kemampuan-layan batas
(Serviceability limit states) harus dibatasi
lendutan dan getaran, persyaratan baca SNI 031729-2002pasal 6.4 khususnya tabel 6.4.1
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SNI 03-1729-2002
Standar Nasional Indonesia
TATA CARA PERENCANAAN STRUKTUR
BAJA UNTUK BANGUNAN GEDUNG
Ini wajib hukumnya bagi mahasiswa
untuk memiliki dan membacanya !!
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Ketentuan SNI
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Menghitung Luas
Ketentuan SNI
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Contoh 2
Disambung 2 baut
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Contoh 3
Baut 3
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Contoh 4
Profil WF
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lanjutan
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50
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lanjutan
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Batas Kelangsingan
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LOCAL BUCKLING
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Contoh 1
Batang tekan rangka kuda2, panjang 173
cm, mutu baja BJ37, Nu= 5801 kg, profil
siku ganda 40.40.5. Apakah profil ini
aman?
Penyelesaian :
Dari SNI diperoleh Fy=2400 kg/cm2,
Fu=3700 kg/cm2.
Data profil siku 40.40.5 sbb:
Ix=Iy= 5.42 cm4, A=3.755 cm2,
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Hitung Nn
=1.25(1.59)^2=3.16
0.85(Nn)=0.85(7.51.(2400/3.16))=4848.228 kg
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Contoh 2
Pilihlah penampang WF untuk batang tekan
berujung sendi-sendi, panjang 16 ft untuk
memikul beban aksial tekan sebesar 95 kips
beban mati dan 100 kips beban hidup.
Penyelesaian :
a) hitung beban terfaktor yeng maksimum
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Kuat Nominal Nn
= (16.12.2,54/6.29.3,14).(400/2000000)^0.5=0.855<1.2
W=1.39
Fcr=2400/1.39=1729.51 kg/cm2
Nn= Ag. Fcr = 92.18.1729.51 = 159426.3 kg
0.85.(159426.3)=135512.3 kg
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Contoh 3
Pilihlahlah penampang WF yang ringan
dari baja BJ 37 yang akan berfungsi
sebagai batang utama sepanjang 22 ft
untuk memikul beban aksial tekan
sebesar 100 kips beban mati dan 200 kips
beban hidup. Batang tersebut betumpuan
sendi pada ujung atas dan jepit pada
ujung bawah.
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Solusi
1. Hitung beban terfaktor Nu maksimum
Nu = 1.2 D + 1.6 L = 1.2 (100) + 1.6 (200)
= 440 kips = 1957.12 kN
K.L = 0.7 (22.1.2,54) =0.7.(670.56 cm)=
459.392 cm (ingat jepit-sendi, k=0.7)
Kl/r < 200, coba kl/r = 150 , maka r =
459.392/150 = 3.128 cm
Coba profil WF 250x250, A=92.18 cm2,
ry= 6.29 cm rx=10.8 cm.
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Cek kelangsingan
Cek perbandingan b/t=125/14=8.92<370/(FyFr)^0.5=28.377 OK!
=
Kl/r =459.392/6.29=74.6 < 200
Ag = 92.18 cm2,
=0.823>0.25, maka w=1.3637
Fcr=Fy/w=240/1.3637=175.9871 MPa=1759.871
kg/cm2
Nn=Ag.Fcr=92.18.(1759.871)=16224.9 kg
0.85 Nn= 137891.2 kg=1378.912 kN<Nu=
1957.12 kN not ok, profil perbesar
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Coba WF 300x300
A=119.80 cm2, tf=15 mm, tw=10 mm,
rx=13.1 cm, ry=7.51 cm.
Cek b/t = 150/15= 10 < 370/(fyfr)^0.5=28.377 OK
Cek kelangsingan kL/r=459.39/7.51=61.17
< 200 OK
=0.675
Parameter kelangsingan
w=1.25 , maka Fcr=191.618 MPa, 0.85.Fcr=162.875 MPa=1628.75 kg/cm2
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Cek Nu=195712 kg
0.85 . Nn = 0.85 Ag.Fcr=119.80 .( 1628.75)
= 195124.3 kg < Nu not ok!
Coba WF 350x350 , A=173.9 cm2, ry=8.84
cm, tf= 19 mm.
Cek b/t = 175/19 =9.21 < 28.377 ok
kL/r = 459.39/8.84 = 51.96 < 200
Parameter kelangsingan = 0.573
W=1.173, maka Fcr=204.02 MPa
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Cek Nu=195712 kg
0.85. Nn = 0.85.Ag.Fcr=173.9 .
(1734.19)=301575.6 kg > Nu OK!
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BJ 37
16.10
12.88
21.52
42.88
74
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Penampang KOMPAK
Syaratnya
Lihat Tabel 7.5.1
Menghitung kuat lentur nominal Mn
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