Suroto
Bag/KSM Neurologi
FK UNS/RS Dr Moewardi
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2013 ESH/ESC Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension
Hipertensi:
TD Sistolik >140 mmHg dan/atau TD Diastolik >90 mmHg
• The blood pressure (BP) category is defined by the highest level of BP, whether systolic or diastolic.
The Task Force for the management of arterial hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) - J Hypertension 2013;31:1281-1357
• Isolated systolic hypertension should be graded 1, 2, or 3 according to systolic BP values in the ranges indicated.
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(Stroke. 2014;45:3754-3832.)
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TD – Prevensi Stroke Primer
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TD – Prevensi Stroke Primer
3. Pendrt hipertensi harus diberi obat antihipertensi dg target
TD <140/90 mm Hg
(Class I; Level of Evidence A)
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Stroke Iskemik Akut
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Stroke. 2018;49:eXXX–eXXX. DOI: 10.1161/STR.0000000000000158
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Hipotension pd SIA
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Hipertensi pd SIA
1. Pd pendrt dgn SIA, terapi dini HT diindikasikan bila diperlukan
krn adanya kondisi komorbid (mis disertai: peny koroner akut,
gagal jantung akut, aortic dissection, ICH pasca trombolisis, atau
preeklampsia/ekampsia). Penurunan TD dimulai dg 15 %
umumnya aman.
I C-EO
New recommendation
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2. Pd pendrt dg TD <220/120 mm Hg yg tdk mendptkan
alteplase iv atau EVT dan tdk memp kondisi komorbid yg
memerlukan tx antihipertensi akut, pemberian Tx HT dlm 48-72
jam pertama setlh SIA, adalah tidak efektif utk mencegah
kematian atau kecacatan.
III: No Benefit A
Recommendation revised from 2013 AIS Guidelines
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3. Pd pendrt dg TD ≥220/120 mm Hg yg tidak mendapatkan
alteplase iv atau EVT, dan tdk memp kondisi komorbid yg
memerlukan tx antihipertensi akut, adalah cukup beralasan utk
menurunkan TD sebanyak 15% dlm 24 jam pertama setlh onset
stroke.
IIb C-EO
New recommendation.
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Stroke. 2015;46:2032-2060
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TD – Perdrhan Intraserebral
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Stroke. 2012;43:1711-1737
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BP - SAH
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TD – Prevensi Stroke Sekunder
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TD – Prevensi Stroke Sekunder
Pendrt stroke atau TIA yg seblmnya minum obat antihipertensi
hrs mulai lagi memakai antihipertensi stlh bbrp hr pertama
serangan stroke utk menurunkan risiko stroke ulang atau
vascular event lain. (COR I, LOE A)
Pendrt stroke atau TIA yg seblmnya tidak minum obat
antihipertensi, dan memp TD 140/90 mm Hg atau lebih, harus
diberikan antihipertensi stlh bbrp hr pertama serangan stroke
utk menurunkan risiko stroke ulang atau vascular event lain..
(COR I, LOE A)
Pendrt stroke iskemik atau TIA yg seblmnya tidak minum obat
antihipertensi, dan memp TDS < 140/90 mm Hg dan TDP < 90
mm Hg, manfaat pemberian antihipertensi blm established.
(COR IIb, LOE C-LD)
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TD – Prevensi Stroke Sekunder
(lanjutan)
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Kaskade Renin Angiotensin
Angiotensinogen
Renin
Angiotensinogen I Bradikinin
ACE
Angiotensinogen II Inactive
Peptides
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Tujuan ACCESS study
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Kriteria Inklusi
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Study design
Candesartan*
Cerebral ischaemia
hypertension Candesartan*
for hypertensive
Placebo
No antihypertensive
treatment in normotensive
Hospitalised Outpatient
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Cumulative event rate in patients receiving
candesartan or placebo following an acute stroke
0.3
Placebo (n = 166)
Cumulative event rate
0.2
Log rank test p = 0.0261
Candesartan (n = 173)
0.1
0
0 100 200 300 400
Time under observation (days)
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Cumulative 12-month mortality
and vascular events
Candesartan Placebo
(n = 173) (n = 166)
Cumulative 12-month mortality 5 (2.9%) 12 (7.2%)
Vascular events* 17 (9.8%)* 31 (18.7%)*
Cardiovascular events
(fatal and nonfatal) 2 10
Cerebrovascular events
(fatal and nonfatal) 13 19
Noncardiovascular mortality 1 1
Pulmonary embolism 1 1
*p = 0.026
Schrader et al. Stroke 2003; 34: 1699–703
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Konklusi ACCESS study
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2013 ESH/ESC Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension
The Task Force for the management of arterial hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) - J Hypertension 2013;31:1281-1357
Medical Education & Information – for all Media, all Disciplines, from all over the World
Powered by
Tujuan:
Membuktikan bahwa angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker
(ARB) candesartan dpt menurunkan risiko stroke pd pendrt
dg isolated systolic hypertension (ISH).
Latar belkang:
Isolated systolic hypertension adalah bentuk HT yg banyak
didapati pd usia lanjut, dan stroke mrpk komplikasi
kardiovaskulern yg paling sering.
1-3 months
Placebo
ISH 1518: Placebo
754 candesartan
764 control Other antihypertensive
drugs(s)
Control arm
0 1 3 6 12 Every 6th month 60
months
Step 1: candesartan 8mg or placebo
Step 2: if SBP > 160mmHg or DBP>85mmHg double dose
Step 3: if SBP remains ≧160mmHg or DBP remains ≧90mmHg add other antihypertensive drug
(ARB or ACE-I not allowed)
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19th ISH (June 27, 2002 Prague)
Hasil pd ISH
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Konklusi ttg ISH pd SCOPE study
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19th ISH (June 27, 2002 Prague)
Ringkasan
Penanganan hipertensi sangat penting baik pd pencegahan
stroke primer maupun pencegahan stroke sekunder.
Untuk pencegahan stroke primer, pendrt HT harus diobati
dgn target TD <140/90 mm Hg
Pd stroke akut, TD yg terlalu tinggi maupun terlalu rendah,
berhubungan dgn outcome yg buruk.
Pemilihan obat antihipertensi spesifik haruslah individual,
berdasarkan karakteristik pendrt dan toleransi terhadap obat.
Candesartan mempunyai efek yg menguntungkan baik pd
pencegahan stroke primer maupun sekunder.
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