1

Remmi Adi Putra, S.Pd

Matematika SMK Kelas X

SISTEM PERSAMAAN
LINEAR DUA VARIAVEL

Hallo sahabat...
Pernahkah kamu ke toko buku untuk membeli
peralatan sekolah?
Jika kamu membeli 2 buku dan 4 pensil
dengan harga Rp. 10.000,00 dan adik kamu
membeli 3 buku dan 2 pensil dengan harga
Rp. 9000,00.
Dapatkah kamu menghitung harga 1 buku dan
1 pensil???
Dapatkah kita menyelesaikan masalah
tersebut dengan Sistem Persamaan Linear
Dua Variabel?. Mari kita pelajari !!!

Kompetensi Dasar
3.3. Menentukan nilai variabel pada sistem persamaan linear dua variabel dalam
masalah kontekstual.

Indikator Pencapaian Kompetensi

3.3.1 Mengidentifikasi nilai variabel pada system persamaan linear dua variabel
dalam masalah kontekstual
3.3.2 Menentukan nilai variabel pada system persamaan linear dua variabel
dalam masalah kontekstual
4.3.1 Menyelesaikan masalah sistem persamaan linier dua variabel dengan metode
substitusi dan gabungan.

SISTEM PERSAMAAN LINEAR DUA VARIABEL 1

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Remmi Adi Putra, S.Pd
Matematika SMK Kelas X

Tujuan Pembelajaran
1. Menyebutkan perbedaan persamaan linear dua variabel (PLDV) dan SPLDV
2. Mengenali SPLDV dalam berbagai bentuk dan variabel
3. Menentukan akar/penyelesaian SPLDV dengan substitusi, eliminasi,dan
gabungan

Petunjuk Belajar:
 Bacalah tujuan pembelajaran yang tertera pada LKPD
 Bacalah masalah yang disajikan pada LKPD dengan baik dan teliti
 Jawablah semua pertanyaan yang diajukan dengan baik dan benar
 Bila terdapat kesulitan tanyakanlah kepada Guru

LKPD
1 PERSAMAAN LINEAR DUA VARIBEL (PLDV)

Ayo mengingat !!!

Masih ingatkah kamu dengan pelajaran kelas VII “Persamaan Linear Satu
Variabel (PLSV)” ?
Berikan tiga contoh PLSV !
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Setelah kamu mengetahui PLSV, selanjutnya kamu akan diperkenalkan dengan

Persamaan Linear Dua Variabel.

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Remmi Adi Putra, S.Pd
Matematika SMK Kelas X

Kegiatan Peserta Didik 1

Ayo mengamati !

Amatilah persamaan-persamaan linear dua variabel berikut!

a. p - q = 2
b. 3x + y = 3
c. 4x -2y = 2
d. 4p – 2q = 4
e. p + 2q = 5

Ayo Mengumpulkan data !

Berdasarkan pengamatan kamu, lengkapilah tabel dibawah ini !

No. Persamaan Linear Jumlah Apa saja Pangkat masing-masing
Dua Variabel variabel variabelnya? variabel
1 p-q=2
2 3x + y = 3
3 4x -2y = 2
4 4p – 2q = 4
5 p + 2q = 9

Ayo Menyimpulkan !

Apa yang dapat kamu simpulkan dari persamaan linear dua variabel (PLDV) ?
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Remmi Adi Putra, S.Pd
Matematika SMK Kelas X

Berdasarkan Persamaan-persamaan linear dua variabel yang terdapat pada

kegiatan peserta didik1, dapatkah kamu menentukan penyelesaian PLDV
tersebut ?

Tujuan Pembelajaran:
Menentukan penyelesaian persamaan linear dua variabel

Kegiatan Peserta Didik 2

Amati persamaan linear dua variabel berikut !

x+y=7
dapatkah kamu menentukan penyelesaiannya ?

Untuk menentukan himpunan penyelesaian dari x + y = 7, maka kamu harus

mencari nilai x dan y yang memenuhi persamaan tersebut.
Lengkapilah tabel dibawah ini !
x 0 1 2 3 4 5
y
(x , y)

Jika salah satu nilai variabelnya diganti dengan bilangan lain, apakah kamu

dapat menentuka variabel lainnya?

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Berapa banyak penyelesaian suatu persamaan linear dua variabel?

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Remmi Adi Putra, S.Pd
Matematika SMK Kelas X

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Gambarlah grafik persamaan x + y =7 pada bidang cartesius dan hubungkan titik-

titk tersebut !

Sepanjang garis lurus itu adalah penyelesaian dari PLDV x + y = 7

Coba ambil sebuah pasangan bilangan yang terletak diluar garis lurus, dan
substitusikan ke persamaan x + y = 7 !
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Karena pasangan bilangan yang diambil tidak memenuhi persamaan x + y =7,

maka bilangan itu disebut bukan penyelesaian persamaan x + y = 7.

Ayo Menyimpulkan !

Apa yang dapat kamu simpulkan dari penyelesaian persamaan linear dua variabel
(PLDV) ?
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Remmi Adi Putra, S.Pd
Matematika SMK Kelas X

LKPD
SISTEM PERSAMAA LINEAR DUA VARIABEL
2
(SPLDV)

Tujuan Pembelajaran:
 Mendefinisikan pengertian dan konsep dasar sistem persamaan linear dua variabel
 Menyebutkan perbedaan PLDV dan SPLDV

Kegiatan Peserta Didik

Ayo mengamati !

Lengkapi dan amati tabel persamaan-persamaan linear dua variabel dibawah ini !
No. Persamaan
Linear Dua Variabel Nilai Variabel
Variabel
x 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
1 3x + y = 3
y … … … … … … ...
x 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
2 x-y=2
y … … … … … … ...
x 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
3 4x – 2y = 2
y … … … … … … ...

Apakah kamu menemukan pasangan nilai variabel yang sama dari PLDV tersebut ?

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Jika ada, sebutkan persamaan linear dua variabel yang memiliki pasangan nilai
variabel yang sama !
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Remmi Adi Putra, S.Pd
Matematika SMK Kelas X

Pasangan persamaan linear dua variabel yang Kamu temukan, disebut dengan
Sistem Persamaan Linear Dua Variabel (SPLDV)
Pasangan nilai yang sama adalah penyelesaian dari SPLDV

Ayo Menyimpulkan !

Apa yang dapat kamu simpulkan dari sistem persamaan linear dua variabel
(SPLDV) ?
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Apa perbedaan PLDV dan SPLDV ?
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Latihan

1. Yang manakah merupakan PLSV dan PLDV dari persamaan linear berikut:
a. 4m + 10 n = 21 d. 6p + 10 = 2q
b. 3a2 – b = 10 e. 8w = 16
c. 7 x – 6 = 8 f. r + s + 3t = 12

2. Tentukan penyelesaian dari setiap persamaan linear berikut:

a. 5x + y = 15 c. 3x + 5 = 14
b. 2x + 4y = 8 d. Y + 3 = 4y
(Minimal 3 penyelesaian)

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Remmi Adi Putra, S.Pd
Matematika SMK Kelas X

Latihan

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Remmi Adi Putra, S.Pd
Matematika SMK Kelas X

LKPD
MENYELESAIKAN SISTEM PERSAMAAN
2
LINEAR DUA VARIABEL

Jika diberikan sebuah sistem persamaan linear x + y = 6 dan 2x – y = 0.

Bagaimana menentukan penyelesaiannya ?

Tujuan Pembelajaran:
Menentukan penyelesaian SPLDV dengan metode grafik, substitusi, dan eliminasi

Untuk menentukan penyelesaian dari sistem persaam linear dua variabel dapat
ditentukan dengan 3 cara, yaitu:
a. metode grafik
b. metode substitusi
c. metode eliminasi

Kegiatan Peserta Didik 1

Menentukan penyelesaian SPLDV dengan metode grafik

Gambarkan grafik masing-masing persamaan linear dua variabel tersebut pada

bidang koordinat yang sama?
x+y=6 2x – y = 0
x 0 ... x 0 ...
y ... 0 y ... 0
(x , y) ... ... (x , y) ... ...

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Remmi Adi Putra, S.Pd
Matematika SMK Kelas X

Apa yang terjadi jika masing-masing PLDV pada sistem persamaan diatas dibuat
grafik pada bidang koordinat yang sama?
Apakah kedua grafik berpotongan ? di titik koordinat berapa kadua grafik
berpotongan?
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Ganti setiap PLDV dengan nilai dari titik potong!

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Apakah hasil yang Kamu peroleh?
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Ayo Menyimpulkan !

Apa yang dapat disimpulkan dari penyelesaian SPLDV dengan metode grafik?
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Sebutkan langkah-langkah menentukan penyelesaian SPLDV dengan metode
grafik !
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Remmi Adi Putra, S.Pd
Matematika SMK Kelas X

Kegiatan Peserta Didik 2

Menentukan penyelesaian SPLDV dengan
metode substitusi (mengganti)

Perhatikan persamaan x + y = 6 dan 2x – y = 0

Misalkan Persamaan 1: ..............................

Persamaan 2: ...............................

Nyatakan salah satu persamaan diatas dengan nilai y dalam x !

Misalnya persamaan 1 yang akan dinyatakan, dan hasilnya merupakan persamaan 3
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Substitusikan persamaan 3 pada persamaan 2, sehingga kamu menemukan nilai x!

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Substitusi nilai x yang didapat pada persamaan 1 atau persamaa 2, sehingga
diperoleh nilai y !
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Ganti setiap PLDV dengan nilai x dan y yang telah ditemukan!

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Remmi Adi Putra, S.Pd
Matematika SMK Kelas X

Dari hasil kegiatan yang telah kamu peroleh, maka diperoleh penyelesaian SPLDV
x + y = 6 dan 2x – y = 0 adalah x = .............. dan y = ..............

Ayo Menyimpulkan !

Apa yang dapat disimpulkan dari penyelesaian SPLDV dengan metode

substitusi?
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Sebutkan langkah-langkah menentukan penyelesaian SPLDV dengan metode
substitusi !
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Remmi Adi Putra, S.Pd
Matematika SMK Kelas X

Kegiatan Peserta Didik 3

Menentukan penyelesaian SPLDV dengan
metode eliminasi (menghilangkan)

Perhatikan kembali persamaan x + y = 6 dan 2x – y = 0

Misalkan Persamaan (1): ..............................

Persamaan (2): ...............................

Eliminasi variabel x.
Untuk mengeliminasi variabel x, maka koefisien x harus sama.
Jadi persamaan (1) harus dikali ...... dan persamaan (2) harus dikali ......
Hasilnya adalah
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Eliminasi variabel y.
Untuk mengeliminasi variabel y, maka koefisien y harus sama.
Jadi persamaan (1) harus dikali ...... dan persamaan (2) harus dikali ......
Hasilnya adalah
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Remmi Adi Putra, S.Pd
Matematika SMK Kelas X

Ganti setiap PLDV dengan nilai x dan y yang telah ditemukan!

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Dari hasil kegiatan yang telah kamu peroleh, maka diperoleh penyelesaian SPLDV
x + y = 6 dan 2x – y = 0 adalah x = .............. dan y = ..............

Ayo Menyimpulkan !

Apa yang dapat disimpulkan dari penyelesaian SPLDV dengan metode eliminasi?
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Sebutkan langkah-langkah menentukan penyelesaian SPLDV dengan metode
eliminasi !
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Remmi Adi Putra, S.Pd
Matematika SMK Kelas X

Latihan

Latihan

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Remmi Adi Putra, S.Pd
Matematika SMK Kelas X

LKPD
MEMBUAT MODEL MATEMATIKA DARI
3
MASALAH SEHARI-HARI YANG MELIBATKAN
SPLDV
Dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, banyak masalah yang dapat diselesaikan
dengan menerapkan penyelesaian SPLDV. masalah-masalah ini biasaya berbentuk
soal cerita.
Agar kamu dapat menyelesaikan masalah-masalah ini, maka kamu harus
menerjemahkan soal tersebut ke dalam kalimat matematika (model matematika)

Tujuan Pembelajaran:
Membuat model matematika dari masalah sehari-hari yang melibatkan SPLDV

Kegiatan Peserta Didik

Membuat model matematika

Buatlah model matematika dari soal berikut!

1. Umur adik ditambah 2 kali umur kakak adalah20 tahun

Penyelesaian:
Misalkan: Umur adik = x
Umur kakak = y

Maka, Model matematika “Umur adik ditambah 2 kali umur kakak adalah
20 tahun” adalah ..........................................................................................................

2. Ida dan Dani adalah dua kakak beradik. Saat iniumur Ida 8 tahun lebih tua
daripada umur Dani.Hari ini Dani genap berusia 5 tahun.
Penyelesaian:
Misalkan: Umur Ida = .........
Umur Dani = .........

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Remmi Adi Putra, S.Pd
Matematika SMK Kelas X

Model matematika:
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Latihan
1. Kelereng Budi 7 buah lebih banyakdibandingkan kelereng Ahmad.
KelerengBudi sebanyak 20 buah.
Penyelesaian:

Misalkan:
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Model matematika:
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2. Harga 2 kg apel dan 3 kg jeruk adalahRp38.000,00. Jika harga 1 kg

jerukRp7.000,00. Berapa harga 1 kg apel?

Misalkan:
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Model matematika:
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Remmi Adi Putra, S.Pd
Matematika SMK Kelas X

3. Banyak buku Reni 12 buah kurangnya daribuku Salsa. Banyak buku Reni 14
buah. Berapakah banyak buku salsa?
Penyelesaian:
Misalkan:
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Model matematika:
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4. Selisih umur seorang ayah dan anakperempuannya adalah 26

tahun,sedangkan lima tahun yang lalu jumlahumur keduanya 34 tahun.
Penyelesaian:
Misalkan:
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Model matematika:
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5. Jumlah dua bilangan cacah adalah 27 dan selisih kedua bilangan itu adalah
3. Berapakah hasil kali kedua bilangan itu?
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Remmi Adi Putra, S.Pd
Matematika SMK Kelas X

Latihan

Ubahlah pernyataan-pernyataan berikut ini dalam persamaan linear dua

variabel !
a. Harga dua baju dan tiga kaus sama dengan Rp. 85.000, 00.
b. Keliling sebuah persegi panjamg adalah 60 cm
c. Seorang pedagang telah menjual 3 kg beras dan 8 kg gula. Uang yang
diterimanya Rp. 42. 000, 00
2
d. Setengah uang Ali ditambah uang hadi adalah Rp. 60.000, 00. uang
3
1
Ali dikurangi uang hadi adalah Rp. 20.000, 00
3
e. Umur pak Jojon 9 kali lebih tua dari umur Vina, tetapi empat tahun
yang akan datang umur pak jojon 5 kali lebih tua dari umur vina.

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