Roihatul Mutiah
Jurusan Farmasi, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik
Ibrahim Malang, Malang Indonesia
ABSTRAK
Kurkumin (diferuloylmethane (C21H20O6) merupakan komponen berwarna kuning–
orange yang terkandung dalam tanaman Curcuma longa. Secara tradisional masyarakat
Indonesia memanfatkan bagian rimpang tanaman tersebut sebagai salah satu komponen
bumbu masakkan sehari-hari dan sebagai komponen jamu dari berbagai kondisi dan penyakit
seperti panas, hepatitis, jerawat, infekasi bakteri, inflamasi, scabies dll. Studi in vivo dan in vitro
menunjukkan bahwa kurkumin mempunyai berbagai aktivitas farmakologis antara lain
antiinflamasi, antiviral, antibakteri, antifungal,antikanker, antioksidan, antidiabetes mellitus,
antirheumatoid arthritis. Sedangkan studi klinik juga telah banyak dilakukan diantaranya pada
kanker pancreas, kanker kolon, kanker payudara, dan multiple myeloma. Pada makalah ini
penulis akan membahas tentang etnomedisin kunyit (Curcuma longa), studi pre-klinik baik
secara in vitro maupun in vivo, studi klinik pada pasien dan mekanisme kerja senyawa kurkumin
sebagai agen kemopreventif dan kemoterapi penyakit kanker.
Gambar 3. Mekanisme kurkumin dalam menghambat proliferasi sel (Sa dan Das, 2008)
Gambar 4. Aktivitas kurkumin pada gen Growth factor (Sa dan Das, 2008)
Gambar 5. Sinyal target kurkumin sebagai agen kemopreventif dan kemoterapi kanker (Sa dan
Das, 2008).
Tabel 1. Ringkasan aktivitas kurkumin (Sela dan Schaffer, 2011)
No Aktivitas secara umum Mekanisme
1 Immunologic modulation Modulasi factor pertumbuhan dan signaling
pathway
2 Radiosensitifitas dan radioproteksi Induksi enzim fase II
3 Aktifitas kurkumin sbg Efek kurkumin pada tumor suppressor P53
chemosensitizing
4 Chemopreventif dan chemoterapetic Penghambatan sitokin, penghambatan kinase
akv
5 Penghambatan angiogenesis dan Penghambatan NF-kB
metastasis -penghambatan COX-2
-penghambatan cyklin D1
Penekanan Bcl-2 dan Bcl-XL
Mitogen activated protein kinase
Penghambatann STAT3
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