Makalah Toksikologi Opioid Oleh Ria Aska
Makalah Toksikologi Opioid Oleh Ria Aska
OPIOID
OLEH
FARMASI A
JURUSAN FARMASI
FAKULTAS FARMASI
UNIVERSITAS HALU OLEO
KENDARI
2014
BAB I
PENDAHULUAN
A. Latar Belakang
CNS* depression-coma
Respiratory depression
Pulmonary edema
Hypothermia
Miosis
Bradycardia
Hypotension
Decreased urinary output
Decreased gastrointestinal motility
Blood Concentrations
Equlanalge
Plasma
Narcotic sic dose Therapeutic Toxic
half-life Lethal
(mg) (µg/dL) (µg/dL)
(hr)
>400
Morphine 10 2,5-3 1-7 10-100
µg/dL
>60
Codeine 120 3-4 1-12 20-50
µg/dL
>400
Heroin 3-4 2,5-3 - 10-100
µg/dL
Methadone 8-10 15 single 30-100 200 >400
dose
22-25
µg/dL
meintena
nce
60-200
Proxyphene 240 About 12 5-20 30-60
µg/dL
80-200
Meperidine 80-100 3-4 5-20 30-60
µg/dL
200- 1-2
Pentazocine 30-50 2-3 10-60
500 µg/dL
1-2
Hydromorphine 1,5 2-4 0,1-3 10-200
µg/dL
Oxycodone 15 - 1-10 20-500 -