Siswa
Hukum-hukum dasar kimia
Tujuan pembelajaran
Kelompok :
Nama :
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B. Hipotesis
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C. Mengumpulkan data
Massa sebelum reaksi = (Erlenmeyer yang berisi larutan HCl dan balon yang berisikan
serbuk pualam ( CaCO3)) – (Erlenmeyer yang kosong + balon)
Massa sebelum reaksi = (Erlenmeyer yang berisi larutan HCl + balon yang berisikan serbuk
pualam ( CaCO3)) – (Erlenmeyer yang kosong + balon)
2. Hukum Dalton
Nitrogen dan oksigen dapat membentuk senyawa-senyawa N 2O, NO, N2O3, dan N2O4
dengan komposisi massa terlihat dalam tabel berikut.
Tabel data eksperimen
4. Hipotesis Avogradro
Reaksi:
gas hidrogen + gas klor → gas hidrogen klorida (pada suhu dan tekanan sama)
(1 liter) (1 liter) (2 liter)
D. Pertanyaan
Hukum kekekalan massa
Dari hasil percobaan yang telah kamu lakukan jawablah pertanyaan dibawah ini.
4. Jelaskan, apakah percobaan yang telah dilakukan mengikuti hukum kekekalan massa ?
Jawab:
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5. Apakah kesimpulan dari percobaan yang sudah dilakukan ?
Jawab:
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Hukum perbandingan tetap
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Dari hasil percobaan yang telah kamu lakukan jawablah pertanyaan dibawah ini.
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5. Bagaimana jika massa unsur Fe pada percobaan I ditambah? Atau jika massa
unsur S ditambah?
Jawab:
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6. Tuliskan bunyi hukum Proust! Sesuaikan dengan percobaan yang kalian lakukan?
Jawab:
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Hukum Dalton
Jawablah pertanyaan berikut untuk menyimpulkan fakta !
1. Berapa senyawa yang bisa terbentuk pada reaksi antara nitrogen (N) dan
oksigen (O) ?
Jawab:
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2. Tuliskan persamaan reaksi pembentukan senyawa N2O, NO, N2O3, dan N2O4 !
Jawab:
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3. Berapakah perbandingan massa nitrogen (N) dan oksigen (O) pada setiap senyawa?
Jawab:
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4. Berapakah perbandingan massa oksigen (O) pada N2O, NO, N2O3, dan N2O4 ?
Jawab:
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5. Tuliskan bunyi hukum Dalton! Berdasarkan diskusi kelompok yang telah kalian lakukan?
Jawab:
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6. Tentukan perbandingan volume gas hidrogen, gas oksigen, dan uap air untuk percobaan
1 dan percobaan 2.
Jawab:
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7. Tentukan volume gas hidrogen pada percobaan 3 sesuai dengan perbandingan volume
percobaan 1 dan percobaan 2.
Jawab:
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9. Tentukan volume gas oksigen pada 8. Tentukan volume uap air pada
percobaan 4. percobaan 5.
Jawab: Jawab:
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10. Buat perbandingan volume gas hidrogen; gas oksigen; uap air di setiap
percobaan !
Jawab:
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11. Buat perbandingan paling sederhana dari perbandingan volume yang ada di nomor 5 di
atas !
Jawab:
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12. Angka-angka apa yang kalian dapatkan dari perbandingan di atas ? (bulat / tidak bulat;
sederhana / tidak sederhana)
13. Jawab: Tuliskan bunyi hukum Gay Lussac ! Berdasarkan diskusi kelompok yang telah kalian
lakukan?
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Jawab:
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1. Hitunglah berapa volume gas O2, CO2, dan H2O pada percobaan 3.
Jawab:
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3. Dengan cara yang sama, hitung masing masing volume pada percobaan 5 dan 6.
Jawab:
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4. Tentukan perbandingan volume gas C3H8,O2, CO2, dan H2O pada percobaan 1 sampai dengan
percobaan 6.
Jawab:
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5. Tentukan perbandingan paling sederhana dari volume gas-gas pada nomor 5 di atas.
Jawab:
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1. Hitunglah jumlah molekul hidrogen, klor, dan hidrogen klorida pada percobaan 4 dan
percobaan 5.
Jawab:
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2. Hitunglah jumlah molekul hidrogen, klor, dan hidrogen klorida pada percobaan 4 dan
percobaan 5.
Jawab:
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3. Buat perbandingan paling sederhana dari jumlah molekul gas hidrogen, gas klor dan gas
hidrogen klorida di tiap percobaan di atas !
Jawab:
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4. Buat perbandingan paling sederhana dari volume gas hidrogen, gas klor dan gas hidrogen
klorida pada percobaan di atas !
Jawab:
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E. Menguji hipotesis
Apakah hasil percobaan yang telah dilakukan sesuai dengan hipotesis yang kamu
buat, jelaskan! Apabila tidak sesuai, apa perbedaan hipotesis dengan hasil
percobaan? Mengapa berbeda? Jelaskan?
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F. Merumuskan kesimpulan
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Presentasikan hasil
diskusi kelompok anda di
depan kelas !