C. Ringkasan Buku
Pada buku ini dikemukakan 3 metode, yaitu kuantitatif, kualitatif,
penelitian dan pengembangan (research and development/R&D).
1. Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif
Metode kuantitatif cocok digunakan untuk penelitian pada populasi
yang luas, permasalahan sudah jelas, teramati,terukur, dan peneliti
bermaksud menguji hipotesis. Proposal penelitian kuantitatif dikemas
dalam sistematika sebagai berikut :
I PENDAHULUAN
A. Latar Belakang,
B. Identifikasi Masalah
C. Batasan Masalah
D. Rumusan Masalah
E. Tujuan Penelitian
F. Kegunaan Hasil Penelitian
II LANDASAN TEORI, KERANGKA BERFIKIR DAN
PENGAJUAN HIPOTESIS
A. Deskripsi Teori
B. Kerangka Berfikir
C. Hipotesis
III PROSEDUR PENELITIAN
A. Metode
B. Populaasi dan Sampel
C. Instrumen penelitian
D. Teknik Pengumpulan Data
E. Teknik Analisis Data
IV ORGANISASI DAN JADWAL PENELITIAN
A. Organisasi Penelitian
B. Jadwal Penelitian
V BIAYA YANG DIPERLUKAN
C. Ringkasan Buku
In planning a research project, researchers need to identity whether
they will employa qualitative, quantitative, or mixed methods
approach. This approach is based on bringing together a worldview or
assumptions about research, a specific design, and research methods.
Decisions about choice of an approach are further influenced by the
research problem or issue being studied, the personal experiences of
the researchers, and the audience for whom the researcher write.
Before searching the literature, identity your topic, using such
strategies as drafting a brief title or stating a central research question.
Also consider wheter this topic can and should be researched by
reviewing whether there is access to participants and resources and
whether the topic will add to the literature, be of interest to other, and
be consistent with personal goals.
Theory has place in qualitative, quantitatvie and mixed methods
research. Researchers use theory in a quantitative study to provide an
explanation or prediction about the relationship among variables in the
study. Thus, it is essential to have grounding in the nature and use of
variables as they form research questins and hypotheses. A theory
explains how and why the variables are related, acting as a bridge
between or among the variables. Theory may be broad or narrow in
scope, and researchers atate their theories in several ways, such as a
series of hypotheses, if-then logic statements, or visual models. Using
theory deducitvely, investigators advance them at the beginning of the
study in the literature review. They also include them with the
hypotheses or research questions or place them in a separate section. A
script can help design the theory section for a research proposal.
Before writing the proposal, it is useful to consider the ethical
issues tha can be anticipated and described in the proposal. These
issues relate to all phases of the research procces. With consideration
for participants, research sites, and potential readers, studies can be
designed that contain good ethical practices.
In writing a qualitative purpose statement, a researcher needs to
identity a single central phenomenon and to pose a tentantive
definition for it. Also, the researcher includes in this statement strong
action word, such as discover, develop, or understand; uses
nondirectional language; and mentions the strategy on inquiry, the
participants, and the research site. In a quantitative purpose statement,
the researcher states the theory being tested as well as the variables and
their description, relationship, or comparison. It is important to
position the independent variable first and the dependent variable
second. The researcher conveys the strategy of inquiry as well as the
participants and the research site for the investigation. In some purpose
statements, the researcher also defines the key variables used in the
study. In a mixed methods study, a purpose statements includes a
statement of intent, the type of mixed methods design, the forms
qualitative and quantitative data collection and analysis, and the
reason for collecting both forms of data.
D. Kekhasan dan Kemutakhiran Buku
1. Kekhasan Buku
Creswell only recommends well-known journals with good
cedibility for literature review.
2. Kemutakhiran Buku
This book was published in 2013, Creswell only uses references
that are accurate and reliable and have good credibility, so that the
update is not in doubt.
E. Kelebihan dan Kekurangan Buku
1. Kelebihan Buku
This book is very good for use by students, because it will be very
helpful in the process of writing research proposals and theses.
This book is also equipped with examples and practice exercises
which will certainly really help beginners in the field of research to
make it easier to understand and apply them.
2. Kekurangan Buku
The relationship between the theories in this book is a little
difficult to identity. Sometimes the writing is not relevant to the big
theme that is carried. In doing literature review, Creswell tends not
to really recommend dissertations as literature review material.
F. Rekomendasi
As for the recommendations in this Critical Book Review are :
1. For Reviewers
So that you should provide comments and suggestions or
contructive criticism so that in making the next Critical Book
Review it will be even better.
2. For The Author
Can be used as a source of reference in order to improve the
contents of the book in subsequent printing, as well as inform the
author regarding the strengths and weaknesses of the book and
what the author should do with the contents of the book.
3. For Readers
Can be used as an additional insight and knowledge of readers
about research methodology, how to compile proposals and son.
And it is hoped that readers will provide constructive input and
improvements in order to create a better Critical Book Review in
the future.
G. Kesimpulan
This book is intended for undergraduated and postgraduate
studentsvwho want to compile scientific articles, theses, and
dissertations. For quantitative research, it discusses survey and
experimental design. Meanwhile, qualitative research discusses
phenomenology, ethnography, grounded theory, and case studies.
Methods in quantitative research generally involve the prose of
data collection, analysis and interpretation of data, writing of research
results. Identification of samples and populations, determining
research strategies, collecting and analyzing data, presentingresearch
result, interpreting and writing research results. Qualitative procedures
in collecting, analyzing, interpreting data, writing research results,
intentional sampling, open data collection, analysis of text or images,
presentation of information in the form of text and tables, and personal
interpretation of findings reflect qualitative research procedure.