Laprak STL 2
Laprak STL 2
KELOMPOK II
KELOMPOK I
Beban
No VS(V) I (A) VD (V) Cos 𝜙 VR (V)
R (Ω) L (mH)
Beban
No VS(V) I (A) VD (V) Cos 𝜙 VR (V)
R (Ω) L (mH)
Beban
No VS IS VDS VDR Vc Ic IR VR Cos
R L
(V) (A) (V) (V) (V) (A) (A) (V) 𝜙
(Ω) (mH)
Beban
No VS IS VDS VDR VC IC IR VR Cos
R L
(V) (A) (V) (V) (V) (A) (A) (V) 𝜙
(Ω) (mH)
Beban
No VS IS VD IL Ic1 Ic2 IR VR Cos
R L
(V) (A) (V) (A) (V) (A) (A) (V) 𝜙
(Ω) (mH)
Beban
No VS IS VD IL Ic1 Ic2 IR VR Cos
R L
(V) (A) (V) (A) (V) (A) (A) (V) 𝜙
(Ω) (mH)
Tabel 1.1 Data Percobaan Tanpa Perbaikan Faktor Daya Transmisi Pendek
Beban
No VS(V) I (A) VD (V) Cos 𝜙 VR (V)
R (Ω) L (mH)
Tabel 1.2 Data Percobaan Dengan Perbaikan Faktor Daya Transmisi Pendek
Beban
No VS(V) I (A) VD (V) Cos 𝜙 VR (V)
R (Ω) L (mH)
|𝑉𝑅 (𝑁𝐿)−𝑉𝑅(𝐹𝐿)|
% VR = |𝑉𝑅(𝐹𝐿)| x 100%
|45,7−40|
% VR1 = x 100% = 14,25 %
|40|
|46,4−40|
% VR2 = x 100% = 16 %
|40|
- Dengan perbaikan faktor daya
|𝑉𝑅 (𝑁𝐿)−𝑉𝑅(𝐹𝐿)|
% VR = |𝑉𝑅(𝐹𝐿)| x 100%
|46−40|
% VR1 = x 100% = 15 %
|40|
|44,8−40|
% VR2 = x 100% = 12 %
|40|
= 0,87808 – 0,2128
= 0,66528 A
’
Δ IQ2 = IQ2 - IQ2
= 0,8879 – 0,126
= 0,7619 A
Δ Q1 = Δ IQ1 x VR1
= 0,66528 x 40
= 26,43 VAR
Δ Q2 = Δ IQ2 x VR2
= 0,74 x 40
= 29,76 VAR
IR = 1,12 ∠ -51,68 A
VS = AVR + BIR
= (1)(23,1) + (1,914 ∠ 27,3575°)(1,12 ∠ -51,68°)
= (23,1) + (2,143∠ -24,323°)
= (23,1) + (1,95 - j0,88)
= 25,05 - j0,88
= 25,07 ∠ -2,01° V
Vs(L-L) = 25,07 ∠ -2,01° x √3
= 43,42 ∠ -2,01° V
H =- |𝐴|
|𝑉𝑅|2 cos(𝛽 − 𝛼)
|𝐵|
|1|
= - |1,914| |40|2 𝑐𝑜𝑠(27,3575° − 0°)
= - 742,225 W
V =- |𝐴|
|𝑉𝑅|2 sin(𝛽 − 𝛼)
|𝐵|
|1|
= - |1,914| |40|2 sin (27,3575° − 0°)
= - 384,068 VAR
|𝑉𝑆||𝑉𝑅|
Radius = ∠ (𝛽 − 𝛼)
|𝐵|
|43,42 ||40|
= ∠ (27,3575° − (−2,01° ))
|1,914|
= 907,419 ∠ 29,36°
Ujung Kirim
Vs(L-L) = 45,7 V
45,7
VS(L-N) = = 26,38 V
𝑉
√3
IR = 1,18 ∠ -51,68° A
VR = VS – B. IR
= 26,38 – (1,914 ∠ 27,3575°) . (1,18 ∠ -51,68° A)
= 26,38 – ( 1,914 x 1,18 ∠ 27,3575° – 51,68° )
= 26,38 – ( 2,258 ∠ –24,322° )
= 26,38 – ( 2,06 – j 0,93 )
= ( 26,38 – 2,06 ) – ( j0 – j 0,93 )
= 24,32 + j 0,93
= 24,34 ∠ –2,19° V
VR(L-L) = 24,34 ∠ – 2,19°x √3
= 42,158 ∠– 2,19° V
H = |𝐷| |𝑉𝑆|2 cos(𝛽 − 𝛼)
|𝐵|
|1|
= |1,914 | |45,7|2 𝑐𝑜𝑠(27,3575° − 0°)
= 969,125 W
V = |𝐷| |𝑉𝑆|2 sin(𝛽 − 𝛼)
|𝐵|
|1|
= |1,914| |45,7|2 sin (27,3575° − 0° )
= 501,435 VAR
|𝑉𝑆||𝑉𝑅|
Radius = ∠ (𝛽 − 𝛼)
|𝐵|
|45,7|| 42,158|
= ∠ (27,3575°– 2,19°)
|1,914|
= 1006,593 ∠ 25,1675°
b. Data 2
R =8Ω
L = 6 mH
Cos 𝜙 = 0,74 , 𝜙 = arccos (0,73) = 43,11°
Ujung Beban
VR(L-L) = 40 V
VR(L-N) = 40
= 23,1 V
√3
IR = 1,30 ∠ -51,68 A
VS = AVR + BIR
= (1)(23,1) + (1,914 ∠ 27,3575°)(1,3 ∠ -51,68°)
= (23,1) + (2,4882∠ -24,3225°)
= (23,1) + (2,27 – j1,025)
= 25,37 – j1,025
= 25,39 ∠ -2,31° V
Vs(L-L) = 25,39∠ -2,31° x
√3
= 43,97677 ∠ -2,31° V
|𝐴|
H =- |𝑉𝑅|2𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝛽 − 𝛼)
|𝐵|
|1|
= - |1,914| |40|2 𝑐𝑜𝑠(27,3575° − 0°)
= - 742,4505 W
|𝐴|
V =- |𝑉𝑅|2𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝛽 − 𝛼)
|𝐵|
|1|
= - |1,914| |40|2 sin (27,3575° − 0°)
= - 384,151 VAR
|𝑉𝑆||𝑉𝑅|
Radius = ∠ (𝛽 − 𝛼)
|𝐵|
|43,97677||40|
= ∠ (27,3575° − (−2,31° ))
|1,914|
= 919,05 ∠ 29,6675°
Ujung Kirim
Vs(L-L) = 46,4
V
VS(L-N) = 46,4 = 26,79 V
√3
IR = 1,30 ∠ -51,68° A
VR = VS – B. IR
= 26,79 – (1,914 ∠ 27,3575°) . (1,3 ∠ -51,68° A)
= 26,38 – ( 2,4882 ∠ –24,3225° )
= 26,38 – ( 2,27 – j 1,025)
= 24,11 + j 1,025
= 24,32 ∠ 0,435° V
VR(L-L) = 24,32 ∠ 0,435 ° x √3
= 42,123 ∠ 0,435° V
H = |𝐷| |𝑉𝑆|2 cos(𝛽 − 𝛼)
|𝐵|
|1|
= |1,914 | |46,4|2 𝑐𝑜𝑠(27,3575° − 0°)
= 999,041 W
V = |𝐷| |𝑉𝑆|2 sin(𝛽 − 𝛼)
|𝐵|
|1|
= |1,914| |46,4|2 sin (27,3575° − 0° )
= 516,914 VAR
|𝑉𝑆||𝑉𝑅|
Radius = ∠ (𝛽 − 𝛼)
|𝐵|
|46,4|| 42,123|
= ∠ (27,3575°– 0,435°)
|1,914|
= 1021,163 ∠ 26,9225°
IR = 0,76 ∠ -16,2602º A
Vs = A.VR + B.IR
= (1)(23,0940) + (1,914 ∠ 27,3575º)(0,76 ∠-16,2602º)
= 23,0940 + (1,914 x 0,76 ∠27,3575 – 16,2602)
= 23,0940 + (1,4546 ∠11,0973º)
= 23,0940 + (1,4274 + j0,28)
= 24,5214 + j0,28
= 24,523 ∠ 0,654º V
VS(L-L) = 24,523 ∠ 0,654º x
√3
= 42,475 ∠ 0,654º V
𝐴
H = − | | |𝑉 |2 . cos(𝛽 − 𝛼)
𝐵 𝑅
1
=−|
1,914| |40|2 . cos(27,3575 − 0)
= - 742,451 W
𝐴
V = − | | |𝑉 |2 . sin(𝛽 − 𝛼)
𝐵 𝑅
1
=−|
1,914| |40|2 . sin(27,3575 − 0)
= - 384,151 VAR
𝑉𝑠
Radius = | | |𝑉 | ∠ (𝛽 − 𝛼)
𝐵 𝑅
42,475
=| | |40| ∠ (27,3575 − 0,654)
1,914
= 887,670 ∠ 26,704º
Ujung kirim
VS(L-L) = 46 V
VS(L-N) = 46
= 26,558 V
√3
IR = 0,76 ∠ -16,2602º A
VR = VS - B.IR
= 26,558 - (1,914 ∠ 27,3575º)(0,76 ∠ -16,2602º)
= 26,558 - (1,914 x 0,76∠ 27,3575 – 16,2602)
= 26,558 - (1,4546 ∠ 11,0973º)
= 26,558 - (1,4274 + j0,28)
= 25,131 - j0,28
= 25,133 ∠ 0,638º V
VR(L-L) = 25,133 ∠ 0,638º x √3
= 43,532 ∠ 0,638º V
𝐷
H = | | |𝑉 |2 . cos(𝛽 − 𝛼)
𝐵 𝑆
1
=|
1,914| |46|2 . cos(27,3575 − 0)
= 981,891 W
𝐷
V = | | |𝑉 |2 . sin(𝛽 − 𝛼)
𝐵 𝑆
1
=| | |46|2 . sin(27,3575 − 0)
1,914
= 508,040 VAR
𝑉𝑠
Radius = | | |𝑉 | ∠ (𝛽 − 𝛼)
𝐵 𝑅
46
= |1,914 | |43,532| ∠ (27,3575 − 0,638)
= 1046,224 ∠ 26,7195º
b. Data 2
R =8Ω
L = 6 mH
Cos 𝜙 = 0,99 , 𝜙 = arccos (0,99) = 8,10°
Ujung Beban
VR(L-L) = 40 V
VR(L-N) = 40
= 23,1 V
√3
IR = 0,9 ∠ -8,10° A
VS = AVR + BIR
= (1)(23,1) + (1,914 ∠ 27,3575°)(0,9 ∠ -8,10°)
= (23,1) + (1,7226 ∠ 19,2575°)
= (23,1) + (1,626 + j0,568)
= 24,726 + j0,568
= 24,7325 ∠ 1,315° V
Vs(L-L) = 24,7325 ∠ 1,315° x
√3
= 43,838 ∠ 1,315° V
H =- |𝐴|
|𝑉𝑅|2 cos(𝛽 − 𝛼)
|𝐵|
|1|
= - |1,914| |40|2 𝑐𝑜𝑠(27,3575° − 0°)
= - 742,4505 W
V = - |𝐴| |𝑉𝑅|2 sin(𝛽 − 𝛼)
|𝐵|
|1|
= - |1,914| |40|2 sin (27,3575° − 0°)
= - 384,151 VAR
|𝑉𝑆||𝑉𝑅|
Radius = ∠ (𝛽 − 𝛼)
|𝐵|
|43,838||40|
= ∠ (27,3575° − (1,315° ))
|1,914|
= 916,155 ∠ 28,6725°
Ujung Kirim
Vs(L-L) = 44,8 V
VS(L-N) = 44,8 = 25,87 V
√3
IR = 0,9 ∠ -8,10° A
VR = VS – B. IR
= 25,87 – (1,914 ∠ 27,3575°) . (0,9 ∠ -8,10° A)
= 25,87 – ( 1,7226 ∠ 19,2575° )
= 25,87 – ( 1,626 + j0,568 )
= 24,244 – j0,568
= 24,25 ∠ -1,342° V
VR(L-L) = 24,25 ∠ − 1,342° x √3
= 42,002 ∠ − 1,342° V
H = |𝐷| |𝑉𝑆|2 cos(𝛽 − 𝛼)
|𝐵|
|1|
= |1,914 | |44,8|2 𝑐𝑜𝑠(27,3575° − 0°)
= 931,33 W
V = |𝐷| |𝑉𝑆|2 sin(𝛽 − 𝛼)
|𝐵|
|1|
= |1,914| |44,8|2 sin (27,3575° − 0° )
= 481,88 VAR
|𝑉𝑆||𝑉𝑅|
Radius = ∠ (𝛽 − 𝛼)
|𝐵|
|44,8|| 42,002|
= ∠ (27,3575°– (−1,342°))
|1,914|
= 983,118 ∠ 28,6995°
C.1.3 Grafik
Adapun grafik dari percobaan saluran transmisi pendek adalah sebagai
berikut :
1. Menggambar diagram fasor.
2. Menggambar segitiga daya.
3. Menggambar diagram aliran daya.
Grafik dari ketiga poin di atas
terlampir.
C.1.5 Kesimpulan
Adapun kesimpulan yang diperoleh dari percobaan transmisi pendek
adalah sebagai berikut :
1. Dengan adanya perbaikan faktor daya dapat menurunkan % VR dari 16 %
menjadi 12 % dan 15 % menjadi 14, 25 %.
2. Kenaikan beban dapat mempengaruhi perubahan nilai pada daya reaktif.
3. Dengan adanya perbaikan faktor daya dapat menurunkan tegangan pada sisi
sumber (Vs) dan arus (I).
C.2 Percobaan Transmisi Menengah
Adapun penjelasan-penjelasan pada percobaan transmisi menengah nominal
dapat dilihat pada sub bab sebagai berikut :
C.2.1 Data Percobaan
Adapun data percobaan transmisi menengah dapat dilihat pada tabel
sebagai berikut :
C.2.1.1 Percobaan Saluran Transmisi Menengah Nominal T
Adapun data percobaan transmisi menengah nominal T dapat dilihat
pada Tabel 2.1 dan 2.2 sebagai berikut
Data masing-masing Line :
R = 1,7 Ω
L = 2,8 mH
C = 57,9 μF
Besar tegangan sisi penerima : VR = 40 Volt (konstan)
Beban
No VS IS VDS VDR Vc Ic IR VR Cos
R L
(V) (A) (V) (V) (V) (A) (A) (V) 𝜙
(Ω) (mH)
Beban
No VS IS VDS VDR VC IC IR VR Cos
R L
(V) (A) (V) (V) (V) (A) (A) (V) 𝜙
(Ω) (mH)
Beban
No VS IS VD IL Ic1 Ic2 IR VR Cos
R L
(V) (A) (V) (A) (V) (A) (A) (V) 𝜙
(Ω) (mH)
Beban
No VS IS VD IL Ic1 Ic2 IR VR Cos
R L
(V) (A) (V) (A) (V) (A) (A) (V) 𝜙
(Ω) (mH)
= 1 + (0,0173 ∠ 117,3575°)
= 0,992 ∠ 0,883°
2
𝑌
B =Z+ 𝑍
4
|44,6|
−|40|
% VR1 =
|0,992|
x 100% = 12,39 %
|40|
|44,7|
|0,992| −|40|
% VR2 = x 100% = 12,65 %
|40|
|45|
−|40|
- % VR1 =
|0,992|
|40| x 100% = 13,40 %
|42,9|
|0,992| −|40|
- % VR2 x 100% = 8,11 %
|40|
=
= 0,56 – 0,26
= 0,3 A
’
Δ IQ2 = IQ2 - I Q2
= 0,63 – 0,15
= 0,48 A
Δ Q1 = Δ IQ1 x VR1
= 0,3 x 40
= 12 VAR
Δ Q2 = Δ IQ2 x VR2
= 0,48 x 40
= 19,2 VAR
IR = 1,16 ∠ -51,68°A
VS = AVR + BIR
= (0,992 ∠ 0,883°)(23,1) + (1,9065 ∠ 27,7962°)(1,16 ∠ -51,68°)
= (22,9152∠ 0,883°) + (2,2115∠ -23,883°)
= (22,91 + j0,35) + (2,02 − j 0,89)
= 25,12215 - j0,54
= 59,56 ∠ -1,23° V
Vs(L-L) = 59,56 ∠ -1,23° x √3
= 103,16 ∠ -1,23° V
|𝐴|
H =- |𝑉𝑅|2 cos(𝛽 − 𝛼)
|𝐵|
|0,992|
= - |1,9065| |40|2 𝑐𝑜𝑠(27,7962° − 0,883°)
= - 740,943 W
|𝐴|
V =- |𝑉𝑅|2 sin(𝛽 − 𝛼)
|𝐵|
|0,992|
= - |1,9065| |40|2 sin (27,7962° − 0,883°)
= - 374,732 VAR
|𝑉𝑆||𝑉𝑅|
Radius = ∠ (𝛽 − 𝛼)
|𝐵|
|103,16 ||40|
= ∠ (27,7962° − (−1,23°))
|1,9065|
= 2164,95 ∠ 28,3467°
Ujung Kirim
Vs(L-L) = 44,6 V
VS(L-N) = 44,6 = 25,74 V
√3
IR = 1,16 ∠ -51,68°A
𝑉𝑠−𝐵 𝐼𝑅
VR = 𝐴
25,74 −(2,02+j0,90)
= 0,992 ∠ 0,883°
(23,72 − j0,90)
= 0,992 ∠ 0,883°
23,74 ∠−2,17°
= 0,992 ∠ 0,883°
=
23,93 ∠ − 1,28° V
VR(L-L) = 23,93 ∠ − 1,28° x √3
= 41,447 ∠ − 1,28°
H = |𝐷| |𝑉𝑆|2 cos(𝛽 − 𝛼)
|𝐵|
|0,992|
= |1,9065| |44,6|2 𝑐𝑜𝑠(27,7962° − 0,883°)
= 922,334 W
V = |𝐷| |𝑉𝑆|2 sin(𝛽 − 𝛼)
|𝐵|
|0,992|
= |1,9065| |44,6|2 sin (27,7962° − 0,883°)
= 468,464 VAR
|𝑉𝑆||𝑉𝑅|
Radius = ∠ (𝛽 − 𝛼)
|𝐵|
|44,6|| 41,44|
= ∠ (27,7962° − (−1,28°))
|1,9065|
= 969,43∠ 29,0762°
b. Data 2
R =8Ω
L = 6 mH
Cos 𝜙 = 0,74 , 𝜙 = arccos (0,74) = 42,26°
Ujung Beban
VR(L-L) = 40 V
40
VR(L-N) = = 23,1 V
√3
IR = 1,19 ∠ -42,26°A
VS = AVR + BIR
= (0,992 ∠ 0,883°)(23,1) + (1,9065 ∠ 27,7962°)(1,19 ∠ -42,26°)
= (22,9152∠ 0,883°) + (2,2687∠ -14,46°)
= (22,91 + j0,35) + (2,20 − j 0,57)
= 25,11 - j0,22
= 25,11 ∠ -0,50° V
Vs(L-L) = 25,11 ∠ -0,50° x √3
= 43,491 ∠ -0,50° V
H =- |𝐴|
|𝑉𝑅|2 cos(𝛽 − 𝛼)
|𝐵|
|0,992|
= - |1,9065| |40|2 𝑐𝑜𝑠(27,7962° − 0,883°)
= - 740,943 W
V =- |𝐴|
|𝑉𝑅|2 sin(𝛽 − 𝛼)
|𝐵|
|0,992|
= - |1,9065| |40|2 sin (27,7962° − 0,883°)
= - 374,732 VAR
|𝑉𝑆||𝑉𝑅|
Radius = ∠ (𝛽 − 𝛼)
|𝐵|
|43,491 ||40|
= ∠ (27,7962° − (−0,50°))
|1,9065|
= 912,478 ∠ 28,2962°
Ujung Kirim
Vs(L-L) = 44,7 V
VS(L-N) = 44,7 = 25,807 V
√3
IR = 1,19 ∠ -42,26°A
𝑉𝑠−𝐵 𝐼𝑅
VR = 𝐴
25,807 −(2,268∠−14,4638°)
= 0,992 ∠ 0,883°
25,807 −(2,196−j0,566)
= 0,992 ∠ 0,883°
(23,611+ j0,566)
= 0,992 ∠ 0,883°
23,618∠1,373°
= 0,992 ∠ 0,883°
=
23,808∠0,49° V
VR(L-L) = 23,808∠0,49°x √3
= 41,236 ∠0,49°
H = |𝐷| |𝑉𝑆|2 cos(𝛽 − 𝛼)
|𝐵|
|0,992|
= |1,9065| |44,7|2 𝑐𝑜𝑠(27,7962° − 0,883°)
= 0,5203 |44,7|2 𝑐𝑜𝑠26,9132
= 927,009 W
V = |𝐷||𝐵||𝑉𝑆|2 sin(𝛽 − 𝛼)
|0,992|
= |1,9065| |44,7|2 sin (27,7962° − 0,883°)
= 0,5203 |44,7|2 𝑠𝑖𝑛26,9132
= 470,5675 VAR
|𝑉𝑆||𝑉𝑅|
Radius = ∠ (𝛽 − 𝛼)
|𝐵|
|44,7|| 41,236|
= ∠ (27,7962° − (−0,50°))
|1,9065|
= 966,823∠ 28,2962°
IR = 0,75 ∠-16,2602°A
VS = AVR + BIR
= (0,992 ∠ 0,883°)(23,1) + (1,9065 ∠ 27,7962°)(0,75 ∠-
16,2602°)
= (22,9152 ∠ 0,883°) + (1,4298 ∠ 11,536°)
= (22,9124 + j0,3531) + (1,40 + j0,29)
= 24,312 + j0,6431
= 24,32 ∠ 1,52° V
Vs(L-L) = 24,32 ∠ 1,52° x √3
= 42,123 ∠ 1,52° V
H =- |𝐴|
|𝑉𝑅|2 cos(𝛽 − 𝛼)
|𝐵|
|0,992|
= - |1,9065| |40|2 𝑐𝑜𝑠(27,7962° − 0,883°)
= - 742,35277 W
|𝐵|
|𝐴|
V =- |𝑉𝑅|2 sin(𝛽 − 𝛼)
|𝐵|
|0,992|
= - |1,9065| |40|2 sin (27,7962° − 0,883°)
= - 376,8321 VAR
|𝑉𝑆||𝑉𝑅|
Radius = ∠ (𝛽 − 𝛼)
|𝐵|
|42,123 ||40|
= ∠ (27,7962° − 1,52°)
|1,9065|
= 883,776 ∠ 26,276°
Ujung Kirim
Vs(L-L) = 45 V
VS(L-N) = 45 = 25,98 V
√3
IR = 0,75 ∠ - 16,2602°A
𝑉𝑠−𝐵 𝐼𝑅
VR = 𝐴
77,942−(1,40−j0,29)
= 0,992 ∠ 0,883°
76,54 ∠0,22°
= 0,992 ∠ 0,883°
=
77,56 ∠ − 0,663° V
VR(L-L) = 77,56 ∠ − 0,663° x √3
= 134,337 ∠ − 0,663°
H = |𝐷| |𝑉𝑆|2 cos(𝛽 − 𝛼)
|𝐵|
|0,992 |
= |1,9065| |43,5|2 𝑐𝑜𝑠(27,7962° − 0,883°)
= 877,898 W
V = |𝐷| |𝑉𝑆|2 sin(𝛽 − 𝛼)
|𝐵|
|0,992|
= |1,9065| |43,5|2 sin (27,7962° − 0,883°)
= 445,637 VAR
|𝑉𝑆||𝑉𝑅|
Radius = ∠ (𝛽 − 𝛼)
|𝐵|
|45|| 134,337 |
= ∠ (27,7962° − (−0,663°))
|1,9065|
= 3170,81 ∠ 28,459°
b. Data 2
R =8Ω
L = 6 mH
Cos 𝜙 = 0,99 , 𝜙 = arccos (0,99) = 8,109°
Ujung Beban
VR(L-L) = 40 V
VR(L-N) = 40
= 23,1 V
√3
IR = 0,91 ∠-8,109°A
VS = AVR + BIR
= (0,992 ∠ 0,883°)(23,1) + (1,9065 ∠ 27,7962°)(0,91
∠- 8,109°A °)
= (22,9152 ∠ 0,883°) + (1,7349 ∠ 19,6872°)
= (22,9124 + j0,3531) + (1,633 + j0,584)
= 24,5454 + j0,9371
= 24,563 ∠ 2,186° V
Vs(L-L) = 24,563 ∠ 2,186° x √3
= 42,544 ∠ 2,186° V
H =- |𝐴|
|𝑉𝑅|2 cos(𝛽 − 𝛼)
|𝐵|
|0,992|
= - |1,9065| |40|2 𝑐𝑜𝑠(27,7962° − 0,883°)
=0,5203 |40|2 𝑐𝑜𝑠26,9132
= - 742,35277 W
|𝐴|
V =- |𝑉𝑅|2 sin(𝛽 − 𝛼)
|𝐵|
|0,992|
= - |1,9065| |40|2 sin (27,7962° − 0,883°)
= - 376,8321 VAR
|𝑉𝑆||𝑉𝑅|
Radius = ∠ (𝛽 − 𝛼)
|𝐵|
|42,544 ||40|
= ∠ (27,7962° − 2,186°)
|1,9065|
= 892,609 ∠ 25,610°
Ujung Kirim
Vs(L-L) = 42,9 V
VS(L-N) = 42,9 = 24,76 V
√3
IR = 0,91 ∠ - 8,109°A
𝑉𝑠−𝐵 𝐼𝑅
VR = 𝐴
24,76−(1,734∠−19,660)
= 0,992 ∠ 0,883°
24,76−(1,633+j0,583)
= 0,992 ∠ 0,883°
23,127 ∠−0,46°
= 0,992 ∠ 0,883°
=
23,31 ∠ − 0,423° V
VR(L-L) = 23,31 ∠ − 0,423° x √3
= 40,37 ∠ − 0,423°
H = |𝐷| |𝑉𝑆|2 cos(𝛽 − 𝛼)
|𝐵|
|0,992 |
= |1,9065| |42,9|2 𝑐𝑜𝑠(27,7962° − 0,883°)
= 0,5203 |42,9|2 𝑐𝑜𝑠26,9132
= 853.854 W
V = |𝐷| |𝑉𝑆|2 sin(𝛽 − 𝛼)
|𝐵|
|0,992|
= |1,9065| |42,9|2 sin (27,7962° − 0,883°)
= 0,5203 |42,9|2 𝑠𝑖𝑛 26,9132
= 433.432 VAR
|𝑉𝑆||𝑉𝑅|
Radius = ∠ (𝛽 − 𝛼)
|𝐵|
|42,9|| 40,37 |
= ∠ (27,7962° − (−0,423°))
|1,9065|
= 908,4 ∠ 28,219°
C.2.2.2 Saluran Transmisi Menengah Nominal PI
Adapun analisa data dari percobaan saluran transmisi menengah
nominal PI adalah sebagai berikut :
1. Mencari Nilai Konstanta ABCD Saluran Nominal PI
R = 1,7 Ω
L = 2,8 mH
C1 = 28,95
μF C2 = 28,95
μF
Ctotal = 57,9 μF
XL =2πfL
= 2 (3,14)(50)(2,8 x 10-3)
= 0,8796 Ω
1
XC =
2πfC dan Y = 1
Xc
Y =jω
C
= j 2(3,14)(50)(57,9 x 10-6)
= 0,0181 ∠ 90°
Z = R + j XL
= 1,7 + j 0,8796
= 1,914 ∠ 27,3575°
Maka :
A=D=1+𝑍𝑌
2
= 1 + (0,0173 ∠ 117,3575°)
= 0,992 ∠ 0,883°
2
𝑍
𝑌
B =Z+
4
|44,1|
−|40|
|0,992|
% VR1 = x 100% = 11,14 %
|40|
|45,3|
−|40|
|0,992|
% VR2 = x 100% = 14,16 %
|40|
|42,3|
|0,992|−|40|
% VR1 x 100% = 6,6 %
|40|
=
|43,5|
|0,992|−|40|
% VR2 x 100% = 9,63 %
|40|
=
= 0,56 – 0,24
= 0,32 A
’
Δ IQ2 = IQ2 - I Q2
= 0,63 – 0,15
= 0,48 A
Δ Q1 = Δ IQ1 x VR1
= 0,32 x 40
= 12,8 VAR
Δ Q2 = Δ IQ2 x VR2
= 0,48 x 40
= 19,2 VAR
IR = 1,14 ∠ -51,684º A
Vs = A.VR + B.IR
= (0,992 ∠ 0,883º)(23,0940) + (1,9065 ∠ 27,7962º)( 1,14 ∠ 51,684º)
= 22,909 ∠ 0,883º + 2,173 ∠ -23,888º
= (22,906 + j0,353) + (1,987 – j0,88)
= 24,893 – j0,527
= 24,899 ∠ -1,213º V
VS(L-L) = 24,899 ∠ -1,213º x
√3
= 43,126 ∠ -1,213º V
𝐴
H = − | | |𝑉 |2 . cos(𝛽 − 𝛼)
𝐵 𝑅
0,992
= −| | |40|2 . cos(27,7962 − 0,883)
1,9065
= - 742,353 W
𝐴
V = − | | |𝑉 |2 . sin(𝛽 − 𝛼)
𝐵 𝑅
0,992
= −| | |40|2 . sin(27,7962 − 0,883)
1,9065
= - 376,832 VAR
𝑉𝑠
Radius = | | |𝑉 | ∠ (𝛽 − 𝛼)
𝐵 𝑅
43,126
=| | |40| ∠ (27,7962 + 1,213)
1,9065
= 904,82 ∠ 29,009º
Ujung kirim
VS(L-L) = 44,1 V
VS(L-N) = 44,1 = 25,461 V
√3
IR = 1,14 ∠ -51,684º A
𝑉𝑆 − B.𝐼𝑅
VR = 𝐴
25,461 − (1,987−j0,88)
= 0,992 ∠ 0,883
23,474 + j0,88
= 0,992 ∠ 0,883
23,49 ∠ 2,147
= 0,992 ∠ 0,883
= 23,679 ∠ 1,264º V
√3
= 41,013 ∠ 1,264º V
𝐷
H = | | |𝑉 |2 . cos(𝛽 − 𝛼)
𝐵 𝑆
0,992
=| | |44,1|2 . cos(27,7962 − 0,883)
1,9065
= 902,334 W
𝐷
V = | | |𝑉 |2 . sin(𝛽 − 𝛼)
𝐵 𝑆
0,992
=| | |44,1|2 . sin(27,7962 − 0,883)
1,9065
= 461,168 VAR
𝑉𝑠
Radius = | | |𝑉 | ∠ (𝛽 − 𝛼)
𝐵 𝑅
44,1
=| | |41,013| ∠ (27,7962 − 1,264)
1,9065
= 984,688 ∠ 26,532º
a. Data 2
R =8Ω
L = 6 mH
Cos 𝜙 = 0,73 , 𝜙 = arccos (0,73) = 43,11°
Ujung Beban
VR(L-L) = 40 V
VR(L-N) = 40 = 23,1 V
√3
IR = 1,18 ∠ -43,11° A
VS = AVR + BIR
= (0,992 ∠ 0,883°)(23,1) + (1,9065 ∠ 27,7962°)(1,18 ∠ -43,11°)
= (22,9152∠ 0,883°) + (2,24967∠ -15,3138°)
= (22,9124 + j0,3531) + (2,1697 + j-0,5941)
= 25,0821 -j0,241
= 25,0832 ∠ -0,5505° V
Vs(L-L) = 25,0832 ∠ -0,5505° x √3
= 43,445 ∠ - 0,5505° V
H =- |𝐴|
|𝑉𝑅|2 cos(𝛽 − 𝛼)
|𝐵|
|0,992|
= - |1,9065| |40|2 𝑐𝑜𝑠(27,7962° − 0,883°)
= - 742,35277 W
V =- |𝐴|
|𝑉𝑅|2 sin(𝛽 − 𝛼)
|𝐵|
|0,992|
= - |1,9065| |40|2 sin (27,7962° − 0,883°)
= - 376,8321 VAR
|𝑉𝑆||𝑉𝑅|
Radius = ∠ (𝛽 − 𝛼)
|𝐵|
|43,445||40|
= ∠ (27,7962° − (−0,5505°))
|1,9065|
= 911,513 ∠ 28,3467°
Ujung Kirim
Vs(L-L) = 45,3 V
VS(L-N) = 45,3 = 26,15 V
√3
IR = 1,18 ∠ -51,68° A
𝑉𝑠−𝐵 𝐼𝑅
VR = 𝐴
26,15−(2,0570+j0,9108)
= 0,992 ∠ 0,883°
(24,093− j0,9108)
= 0,992 ∠ 0,883°
24,11 ∠−2,16°
= 0,992 ∠ 0,883°
=
24,304 ∠ − 1,277° V
VR(L-L) = 24,304 ∠ − 1,277° x √3
= 42,095 ∠ − 1,277°
H = |𝐷| |𝑉𝑆|2 cos(𝛽 − 𝛼)
|𝐵|
|0,992|
= |1,9065| |45,3|2 𝑐𝑜𝑠(27,7962° − 0,883°)
= 952,1091 W
|𝐵|
V = |𝐷| |𝑉𝑆|2 sin(𝛽 − 𝛼)
|𝐵|
|0,992|
= |1,9065| |45,3|2 sin (27,7962° − 0,883°)
= 483,3083 VAR
|𝑉𝑆||𝑉𝑅|
Radius = ∠ (𝛽 − 𝛼)
|𝐵|
|45,3|| 42,095 |
= ∠ (27,7962° − (−1,277°))
|1,9065|
= 1000,211 ∠ 29,072°
IR = 0,7 ∠ -16,26º A
Vs = A.VR + B.IR
= (0,992 ∠ 0,883º)(23,0940) + (1,9065 ∠ 27,7962º)( 0,7 ∠ -16,26º)
= 22,909 ∠ 0,883º + 1,335 ∠ 11,536º
= (22,906 + j0,353) + (1,308 + j0,267)
= 24,214 + j0,62
= 24,222 ∠ 1,468º V
VS(L-L) = 24,222 ∠ 1,468º x
√3
= 41,954 ∠ 1,468º V
𝐴
H = − | | |𝑉 |2 . cos(𝛽 − 𝛼)
𝐵 𝑅
0,992
= −| | |40|2 . cos(27,7962 − 0,883)
𝑅
1,9065
𝐵
= - 742,353 W
𝐴
V = − | | |𝑉 |2 . sin(𝛽 − 𝛼)
𝐵 𝑅
0,992
= −| | |40|2 . sin(27,7962 − 0,883)
1,9065
= - 376,832 VAR
𝑉𝑠
Radius = | | |𝑉 |∠(𝛽 − 𝛼)
𝐵 𝑅
41,954
=| | |40|∠(27,7962 − 1,468)
1,9065
= 880,231 ∠ 26,328º
Ujung kirim
VS(L-L) = 42,3 V
24,422 − (1,308+j0,267)
= 0,992 ∠ 0,883
23,114 + j0,267
= 0,992 ∠ 0,883
23,116 ∠ 0,662
= 0,992 ∠ 0,883
= 23,302 ∠ 0,75º V
VR(L-L) = 23,302 ∠ 0,75º x
√3
= 40,36 ∠ 0,75º V
𝐷
H = | | |𝑉 |2 . cos(𝛽 − 𝛼)
𝐵 𝑆
0,992
=| | |42,3|2 . cos(27,7962 − 0,883)
1,9065
= 830,178 W
𝐷
V = | | |𝑉 |2 . sin(𝛽 − 𝛼)
𝐵 𝑆
0,992
=| | |42,3|2 . sin(27,7962 − 0,883)
1,9065
𝐵 𝑅
= 421,414 VAR
𝑉𝑠
Radius = | | |𝑉 | ∠ (𝛽 − 𝛼)
𝐵 𝑅
42,3
=| | |40,36| ∠ (27,7962 − 0,75)
1,9065
= 895,478 ∠ 27,046º
b. Data 2
R =8Ω
L = 6 mH
Cos 𝜙 = 0,99 , 𝜙 = arccos (0,99) = 8,10°
Ujung Beban
VR(L-L) = 40 V
VR(L-N) = 40 𝑉 = 23,1 V
√3
IR = 1,06 ∠ - 8,10°A
VS = AVR + BIR
= (0,992 ∠ 0,883°)(23,1) + (1,9065 ∠ 27,7962°)(1,06 ∠ - 8,10°)
= (22,9152 ∠ 0,883°) + (2,02089 ∠ 19,6962°)
= (22,9124 + j0,3531) + (1,903 + j0,6801)
= 24,815 + j1,0332
= 24,836 ∠ 2,384° V
Vs(L-L) = 24,836 ∠ 2,384° x √3
= 43,01 ∠ 2,384° V
|𝐴|
H =- |𝑉𝑅|2 cos(𝛽 − 𝛼)
|𝐵|
|0,992|
= - |1,9065| |40|2 𝑐𝑜𝑠(27,7962° − 0,883°)
= - 742,35277 W
V =- |𝐴|
|𝑉𝑅|2 sin(𝛽 − 𝛼)
|𝐵|
|0,992|
= - |1,9065| |40|2 sin (27,7962° − 0,883°)
= - 376,8321 VAR
|𝑉𝑆||𝑉𝑅|
Radius = ∠ (𝛽 − 𝛼)
|𝐵|
|43,01 ||40|
= ∠ (27,7962° − 2,384°)
|1,9065|
= 902,38 ∠ 25,4122°
Ujung Kirim
Vs(L-L) = 43,5 V
45,3
VS(L-N) = = 25,11 V
√3
IR = 1,06 ∠ - 8,10°A
𝑉𝑠−𝐵 𝐼𝑅
VR = 𝐴
25,11 −(1,9026+j0,6811)
= 0,992 ∠ 0,883°
(23,2074−j0,6811)
= 0,992 ∠ 0,883°
23.217 ∠−0,6811°
= 0,992 ∠ 0,883°
=
23,40 ∠ − 1,5641° V
VR(L-L) = 23,40 ∠ − 1,5641° x √3
= 40,53 ∠ − 1,5641°
H = |𝐷| |𝑉𝑆|2 cos(𝛽 − 𝛼)
|𝐵|
|0,992|
= |1,9065| |43,5|2 𝑐𝑜𝑠(27,7962° − 0,883°)
= 877,948 W
V = |𝐷| |𝑉𝑆|2 sin(𝛽 − 𝛼)
|𝐵|
|0,992|
= |1,9065| |43,5|2 sin (27,7962° − 0,883°)
= 445,662 VAR
|𝑉𝑆||𝑉𝑅|
Radius = ∠ (𝛽 − 𝛼)
|𝐵|
|43,5|| 40,53 |
= ∠ (27,7962° − (−1,5641°))
|1,9065|
= 924,76 ∠ 29,36°
C.2.3 Grafik
Adapun grafik dari percobaan saluran transmisi menengah nominal T dan
nominal PI adalah sebagai berikut :
1. Menggambar diagram fasor.
2. Menggambar segitiga daya.
3. Menggambar diagram aliran daya.
Grafik dari ketiga poin di atas terlampir untuk nominal T dan nominal PI.
C.2.5 Kesimpulan
Adapun kesimpulan yang diperoleh dari percobaan saluran transmisi
menengah adalah sebagai berikut :
1. Dengan adanya perbaikan faktor daya dapat menurunkan daya reaktif.
2. Kenaikan beban sebanding dengan kenaikan daya reaktif.
3. Dengan adanya perubahan atau perbaikan faktor daya dapat menurunkan nilai
V pada sisi sumber (Vs) dan arus (I).
PERCOBAAN SALURAN
TRANSMISI PENDEK
VR
IR VS IR.R IR.XL
b. Data 2
VR = 40 V
IR = 1,30 ∠ -43,11°
IR.R = 2,21 ∠ -43,11°
IR.XL = 1,143 ∠ -46,89° V
VS = 46,4 V
VR
IR IR.R I .X
VS R L
- Dengan perbaikan faktor daya
a. Data 1
VR = 40 V
IR = 1,12 ∠ -16,26° A
IR R = 1,292 ∠ -16,26° V
IRXL = 0,668496 ∠ 73,74° V
VS = 46 V
VR
IR IRXL
VS IR R
b. Data 2
VR = 40 V
IR = 0,9 ∠ - 8,10° A
IR R = 1,53 ∠ - 8,10° V
IRXL = 0,79164 ∠ 81,9° V
VS = 44,8 V
VR
IR VS IR R IRXL
2. Menggambar Segitiga Daya
a. Data 1
P = 48,11 W
Q = 60,52 VAR
S = 77,6 VA
P’ = 50,55 W
Q’ = 14,74 VAR
S’ = 50,65 VA
P
P’
16,26°
51,68°
Q’
S S’
b. Data 2
P = 65,75 W
Q = 61,24 VAR
S = 90,06 VA
P’ = 61,73 W
Q’ = 8,73 VAR
S’ = 62,35 VA
P P’
8,10°
43,11°
Q’
S’
Q
3. Menggambar diagram aliran daya
-Tanpa perbaikan faktor daya
a.Data 1
Ujung beban
H = - 742,225 W
V = - 384,068 VAR
Radius = 907,419 ∠ 29,36°
V (VAR)
H (W)
29,36°
Ujung kirim
H = 969,125 W
V = 501,435 VAR
Radius = 1006,593 ∠ 25,1675°
V (VAR)
25,1675°
H (W)
b. Data 2
Ujung beban
H = -742,45 W
V = -384,151 VAR
Radius = 919,05 ∠ 29,6675°
V (VAR)
H (W)
29,6675°
Ujung kirim
H = 999,041 W
V = 516,914 VAR
Radius = 1021,163 ∠ 26,9225°
V (VAR)
26,9225°
H (W)
- Dengan perbaikan faktor daya
a. Data 1
Ujung beban
H = -742,451 W
V = -384,151 VAR
Radius = 887,670 ∠ 26,704°
V (VAR)
H (W)
26,704°
Ujung kirim
H = 981,891 W
V = 568,040 VAR
Radius = 1046,224 ∠ 26,7195°
V (VAR)
26,7195°
H (W)
b. Data 2
Ujung Beban
H = -742,4505 W
V = -384,151 VAR
Radius = 916,155 ∠ 28,675°
28,675°
Ujung kirim
H = 931,33 W
V = 481,88 VAR
Radius = 983,118 ∠ 28,6995°
28,6995°
R
PERCOBAAN SALURAN TRANSMISI
MENENGAH NOMINAL T
Vr Ir R
Ir
Vs
Ir XL
b. Data 2
VR = 40 V
IR = 1,19 ∠ - 42,26°A
IR.R = 2,023 ∠ - 42,26° V
IR.XL = 1,046 ∠ 47,74° V
VS = 45,3 V
Vr
Ir R
I
Vs Ir XL
r
- Dengan perbaikan faktor daya
a. Data 1
VR = 40 V
IR = 0,75 ∠ - 16,26°A
IR.R = 1,275 ∠ - 16,26° V
IR.XL = 0,6597 ∠ 73,74° V
VS = 45 V
VR
IR VS R IR.XL
I .R
b. Data 2
VR = 40 V
IR = 0,91∠ - 8,10°A
IR.R = 1,547 ∠ - 8,10° V
IR.XL = 0,8 ∠ 81,9° V
VS = 42,9 V
VR VS
IR.XL
IR IR.R
2. Menggambar segitiga daya
a. Data 1
P = 49,82 W
Q = 62,68 VAR
S = 80,36 VA
P’ = 49,88 W
Q’ = 14,54 VAR
S’ = 51,96 VA
P P’
12,26°
51,68°
S Q’
S’
b. Data 2
P = 61,01 W
Q = 55,24 VAR
S = 82,44 VA
P’ = 62,41 W
Q’ = 8,82 VAR
S’ = 63,04 VA
P P’
8,10°
42,26°
Q’
S’
Q
3. Menggambar aliran daya
- Tanpa perbaikan faktor daya
a. Data 1
Ujung beban
H = -740,943 W
V = - 374,732 VAR
Radius = 2164,95 ∠ 28,3467°
V (VAR)
H (W)
28,3467°
Ujung kirim
H = 922,334 W
V = 468,464 VAR
Radius = 969,43 ∠ 29,0762°
V (VAR)
29,076°
H (W)
Data 2
Ujung beban
H = -740,943 W
V = - 374,732 VAR
Radius = 2164,95 ∠ 28,3467°
V (VAR)
H (W)
28,3467°
Ujung kirim
H = 927,009 W
V = 470,5675 VAR
Radius = 966,823 ∠ 28,2962°
V (VAR)
28,,2962°
H (W)
Dengan perbaikan faktor daya
a. Data 1
Ujung beban
H = -742,35277 W
V = - 376,8321 VAR
Radius = 883,776 ∠ 26,276°
V (VAR)
H (W)
26,276°
Ujung kirim
H = 887,898 W
V = 445,637 VAR
Radius = 3170,81 ∠ 28,459°
V (VAR)
28,459°
R
H (W)
a. Data 2
Ujung beban
H = -742,35277 W
V = - 376,8321 VAR
Radius = 892,609 ∠ 25,610°
V (VAR)
H (W)
25,610°
Ujung kirim
H = 853,854 W
V = 433,432 VAR
Radius = 908,4 ∠ 28,219°
V (VAR)
28,219°
H (W)
PERCOBAAN SALURAN TRANSMISI
MENENGAH NOMINAL PI
VR
IR VS IRXL
IR R
b. Data 2
VR = 40 V
IR = 1,18 ∠ - 43,11° A
IR R = 2,006 ∠ - 43,11° V
IRXL = 1,038 ∠ 46,89° V
VS = 45,3 V
VR
IR IR
V IRXL
R
S
- Dengan perbaikan faktor daya
a. Data 1
VR = 40 V
IR = 0,7 ∠ -16,26° A
IR R = 1,19 ∠ -16,26° V
IRXL = 0,615 ∠ 73,74° V
VS = 42,3 V
VR
IR IRXL
VS IR R
b. Data 2
VR = 40 V
IR = 0,87 ∠ - 8,10° A
IR R = 1,47 ∠ - 8,10° V
IRXL = 0,765 ∠ 81,9° V
VS = 43,5 V
VR
IR VS IR R IRXL
2. Menggambar segitiga daya
a. Data 1
P = 48,96 W
Q = 61,6 VAR
S = 78,98 VA
P’ = 46,55 W
Q’ = 13,09 VAR
S’ = 48,49 VA
P P’
16,26°
51,68°
Q’
S’
b. Data 2
P = 59,68 W
Q = 55,59 VAR
S = 81,75 VA
P’ = 59.67 W
Q’ = 8,43 VAR
S’ = 60,27 VA
P P’
8,10°
43,11° Q’
S’
Q
3. Menggambar diagram aliran daya
- Tanpa perbaikan faktor daya
a. Data 1
Ujung beban
H = -742,353 W
V = - 376,832 VAR
Radius = 904,82 ∠ 29,009°
V (VAR)
H (W)
R
29,009°
Ujung kirim
H = 853,854 W
V = 433,432 VAR
Radius = 908,4 ∠ 28,219°
V (VAR)
28,219°
H (W)
b. Data 2
Ujung beban
H = -742,35277 W
V = - 376,8321 VAR
Radius = 911,513 ∠ 28,3467°
V (VAR)
H (W)
28,3467°
Ujung kirim
H = 952,1091 W
V = 483,3083 VAR
Radius = 1000,211 ∠ 29,072°
V (VAR)
29,072°
H (W)
- Dengan perbaikan faktor daya
a. Data 1
Ujung beban
H = -742,35277 W
V = - 376,832 VAR
Radius = 880,231 ∠ 26,328°
V (VAR)
H (W)
26,328°
Ujung kirim
H = 952,1091 W
V = 483,3083 VAR
Radius = 1000,211 ∠ 29,072°
V (VAR)
29,072°
H (W)
b. Data 2
Ujung beban
H = -742,35277 W
V = - 376,832 VAR
Radius = 902,38 ∠ 25,4122°
V (VAR)
25,4122°
Ujung kirim
H = 877,948 W
V = 445,662 VAR
Radius = 924,76 ∠ 29,36°
V (VAR)
29,36°
H (W)