GERAK MELINGKAR BERATURAN

I. TUJUAN
Mendefinisikan besaran-besaran dan sifat-sifat dari gerak melingkar beraturan (GMB).

II. TEORI
Agar suatu benda dapat bergerak melingkar, maka harus selalu ada gaya sentripetal yang berfungsi untuk
membelokkan arah kecepatan benda. Arah gaya ini selalu menuju pusat lingkaran. Besar gaya sentripetal pada
gerak melingkar adalah :
F SP=m . aSP
v2 2
a SP= =ω . R
R
2π
ω= =2 π . f
T
Dengan : FSP = gaya sentripetal (N), m = massa benda (kg), a SP = percepatan sentripetal (m.s-2), v = kecepatan linier
(m.s-1), R = jari-jari gerak melingkar (m), ω = Kecepatan sudut (rad.s -1), T = Periode (s), f = frekuensi (Hz).
Definisi Periode  Waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk melakukan satu putaran
Definisi Frekuensi  Jumlah putaran dalam satu detik.
Gerak Melingkar Beraturan (GMB) adalah gerakan dimana periode atau frekuensi benda selalu tetap (tidak berubah
dalam waktu), atau percepatan sudut benda α = 0, sehingga semua besaran yang ada juga memiliki nilai yang tetap.

III. ALAT-ALAT
- Satu set Percobaan GMB (tabung putar, beban putar, beban gantung dan
benang kasur)
- Penggaris
- Stop watch

IV. JALAN PERCOBAAN

1. Dengan beban gantung W yang tetap, putarlah alat ini agar melingkar
beraturan (W tidak naik/turun).
2. Setelah beraturan, ukur waktu untuk 10 kali putaran ( t ) dan tentukan
periodanya ( T ).  benang jangan ditahan oleh tangan/jari, biarkan
bebas berayun.
3. Setelah 10 putaran, tahan benang agar jari-jari R tidak berubah, ukur panjang R.
4. Ulangi percobaan ini 2 kali lagi dengan R yang berbeda-beda

V. DATA PENGAMATAN :
Waktu untuk 10
Perioda Jari-jari Massa beban Massa beban
Perc. putaran
T ( detik) R ( cm ) putar mP (gr) gantung mG (gr)
t (detik)
1. t1 = T1 = R1 =
2. t2 = T3 = R2 =
3. t3 = T4 = R3 =
g = 978 cm/detik2

Waktu untuk 10
Perioda Jari-jari Massa beban Massa beban
Perc. putaran
T ( detik) R ( cm ) putar mP (gr) gantung mG (gr)
t (detik)
1. t1 = T1 = R1 =
2. t2 = T3 = R2 =
3. t3 = T4 = R3 =
g = 978 cm/detik2

PRAKTIKUM FISIKA MA
VI. PERTANYAAN :
1. Hitunglah kecepatan sudut benda putar dari setiap percobaan !
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2. Hitunglah kecepatan linier benda putar dari setiap percobaan !
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3. Hitunglah percepatan sentripetal benda putar dari setiap percobaan ! Berapa rata-ratanya!
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Hitunglah gaya sentripetal benda putar tersebut ! (dari rata-rata percepatan sentripetal).
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4. Sesuai hukum Newton, besar gaya sentripetal sama dengan gaya tegangan tali. Carilah besar tegangan tali (sama
dengan berat beban gantung) dan bandingkan besarnya dengan gaya sentripetal (seharusnya sama). Jelaskan
mengapa ada perbedaan!
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VII. KESIMPULAN (minimal 3 baris)

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PRAKTIKUM FISIKA MA
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CARA MEMBUAT LAPORAN PRAKTIKUM FISIKA

Tanggal Percobaan :
Nama Anggota Kelompok :
1.
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DOKUMENTASI PRAKTIKUM :

Binjai, Februari 2023

NILAI Diketahui
Nama Guru Fisika

PRAKTIKUM FISIKA MA
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PRAKTIKUM FISIKA MA