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3 POLIMER
Jenis plastik yang paling umum digunakan untuk komponen mobil adalah
polipropilen (32%), poliuretan (17%) dan PVC (16%).
PENGETAHUAN BAHAN TEKNIK MKPI – 01-
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Although up to 13 different polymers may be used in a single car model (Fig. 3), just three
types of plastics make up some 66 % of the total plastics used in a car: polypropylene (32 %),
polyurethane (17 %) and PVC (16 %) [5].
Tabel 1. Jenis Plastik yang digunakan untuk kendaraan mobil.
Weight in av.
Component Main types of plastics
car (kg)
Bumpers PS, ABS, PC/PBT 10,0
Seating PUR, PP, PVC, ABS, PA 13,0
Dashboard PP, ABS, SMA, PPE, PC 7,0
Fuel systems HDPE, POM, PA, PP, PBT 6,0
Body (incl. panels) PP, PPE, UP 6,0
Under-bonnet components PA, PP, PBT 9,0
Interior trim PP, ABS, PET, POM, PVC 20,0
Electrical components PP, PE, PBT, PA, PVC 7,0
Exterior trim ABS, PA, PBT, POM, ASA, PP 4,0
Lighting PC, PBT, ABS, PMMA, UP 5,0
Upholstery PVC, PUR, PP, PE 8,0
Liquid reservoirs PP, PE, PA 1,0
Total 105,0
ABSelektronik.
– acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene is a durable thermoplastic, resistant to weather and
somePVC
chemicals,
- Jenispopular
plastikforyang
vacuum formed components.
mempunyai ketahananItyang
is a rigid
baikplastic with bahan
terhadap rubber like
characteristics, which gives it good impact resistance. Application: car dashboards, covers,
kimia dan pelarut. Kandungan vinylnya memberi efek yang baik terhadap
PA –kekuatan
polyamidetariknya
is known dan
as nylon 6.6 or nylon
beberapa jenis6. Both
PVC these nylons Aplikasi
fleksibel. have high :resistance
panel to
abrasion, low friction characteristics and good chemical resistance. They also absorb water
instrumen
easily otomotif,inselubung
and components kabel listrik,
wet or humid pipa,will
conditions pintu, tanki bahan
expand, kimia.
precluding their use in
applications where dimensional stability is required. Application:
ABS - merupakan jenis thermoplastik yang tahan lama, tahan cuaca dan gears, bushes, cams,
bearings, weather proof coatings,
beberapa bahan kimia, bersifat kaku seperti karakteristik karet, memiliki
PS –ketahanan
polystyreneimpak
is very popular,
yang baik.ease to manufacture,
Aplikasi : dashboardbut has poor
mobil resistance to UV light.
dan penutup.
Application: equipments housings, buttons, car fittings, display bases,
PE – polyethylene has good chemical resistance. Two types are used, low density
polyethylene (LDPE) and high density polyethylene (HDPE) can be manufactured in a range
29
PENGETAHUAN BAHAN TEKNIK MKPI – 01-
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PA - jenis plastik ini dikenal juga nylon 6.6 atau nylon 6. plastik ini
mempunyai ketahanan abrasi yang tinggi, tahan bahan kimia, dapat
menyerap air sehingga dapat mengembang. Aplikasi : gears, cams, bearing.
PS – polystyrene sangat populer, mudah dibuat tapi tidak tahan UV. Aplikasi :
car fittings.
PE - polyethylene mempunyai ketahanan kimia yang baik. Terdapat low
density polyethylene (LDPE) dan high density polyethylene (HDPE). Aplikasi
: polyethylene berpenguat serat kaca untuk badan mobil, insulasi listrik,
packaging.
POM – polyoxymethylene mempunyai kekakuan yang tinggi, stabil pada suhu
yang rendah. Sangat tahan bahan kimia dan bahan bakar. Aplikasi :
interior/exterior trims, sistem bahan bakar, gear
PC – Polycarbonate tahan cuaca dan UV, transparan. Aplikasi : security
screen, bumper, headlamp lense.