Dian Zamroni
Departemen Kardiologi dan Kedokteran Vaskular FKUI
Divisi Critical Care dan Cardiovascular Emergency
Pusat Jantung Nasional Harapan Kita
Jantung
2
Definisi Angina
Gangguan pencernaan
Obstructive CAD
Kardiak Myo/pericardium
APS
Interscapular Lengan
Nyeri jantung iskemik Nyeri jantung iskemik
Nyeri otot skeletal Nyeri servikal/dorsal spine
Nyeri kantong empedu Sindroma Thoracic outlet
Nyeri pankreas
Braunwald E : Clinical recognition of acute coronary syndromes. In Theroux P. Acute coronary syndrome: a companion to
Braunwald’s Heart Diseases, 2nd ed. Philadelphia, Elsevier Saunders, 2011, pp 99.
• Lumen paten
Normal • Fungsi endotel normal
• Agregasi platelet (-)
• Plak pecah
Angina • Agregasi platelet
Tidak Stabil • Pembentukan trombus
• Vasokonstriksi
Rhee JW, Sabatine MS, Lilly LS: Ischemic heart disease. In Lilly LS. Pathophysiology of heart disease, 5th ed.
Philadelphia, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Wolters Kluwer, 2011, pp 145.
Atherosclerosis –Atherothrombosis A Generalized And
Progressive Disease
Atherothrombosis
Unstable
angina
NSTEMI ACS
Thrombosis STEMI
Atherosclerosis
CV death
Stable angina
Adapted from Libby P. Circulation. 2001;104:365-372
SINDROMA KORONER AKUT
Normal or
Persistent ST/T -
EKG undetermined
ST-elevation abnormalities
ECG
ELEKTROKARDIOGRAM
Normal or
Persistent ST/T -
EKG undetermined
ST-elevation abnormalities
ECG
Troponin Troponin
Bio-chemistry
Rise/fall normal
Biomarker jantung pada pasien ACS
Shapiro BP, Jaffe AS. Cardiac biomarkers. In: Murphy JG, Lloyd MA, editors. Mayo Clinic Cardiology: Concise Textbook. 3 rd ed. Rochester, MN:
Mayo Clinic Scientific Press and New York: Informa Healthcare USA, 2007:773–80.
Anderson JL, et al. J Am Coll Cardiol 2007;50:e1–e157, Figure 5.
Cardiac troponin
• Penanda kerusakan/nekrosis otot jantung
• Troponin lebih spesifik daripada CKMB
• Troponin mulai meningkat jam ke-4 pasca onset dan bertahan sampai
2 minggu di dalam darah
• High sensitive troponin sudah mulai banyak digunakan, yang mampu
mendeteksi kadar sangat rendah sehingga dapat mendiagnosis IMA
lebih awal (1 jam)
Admission Nyeri Dada
Normal or
Persistent ST/T -
EKG undetermined
ST-elevation abnormalities
ECG
Troponin Troponin
Bio-chemistry
Rise/fall normal
Unstable
Diagnosa STEMI NSTEMI
Angina
Kesimpulan
• Diagnosis Sindroma Koroner Akut di tegakkan berdasarkan
Anamnesis, Gambaran EKG elevasi/depresi segmen ST, Inversi
gelombang T atau normal, Peningkatan enzim jantung
• Sindroma Koroner Akut dalam bentuk STEMI, NSTEMI, UAP
• Tatalaksana awal Sindroma Koroner Akut SAMA