METABOLISME
Untuk
- Menghindari kehilangan berat badan
- Mempertahankann suhu tubuh
- Memberi persediaan energi untuk aktivitas
fungsional sel hingga organ
Storage of glycogen
Performs glycogenesis - glucose to glycogen
Performs glycogenolysis - glycogen to glucose
Performs gluconeogenesis - amino
acid/fructose/galactose to glucose
Formation of lipoproteins
Cholesterol and phospholipid synthesis
Fat synthesis from CHON and CHOR
Deamination of amino acids - degradation or
catabolism of amino acids, removal of amino
group(NH2) to NH3 converted to urea and excreted
by the kidneys
Formation of urea
Formation of plasma CHON (albumin, clotting
proteins, etc)
Biotransformation of hormones, drugs and other
substances
Reservoir of blood - contraction of hepatic venules
and veins moving about 500ml into thecirculation
Oxidation of fatty acids for energy - through
splitting of glycerol and fatty acids
HOW TO COUNT..
PENGENDALIAN METABOLISME
Organ endokrin
- Tidak punya salurann, langsung ke daerah
- Kerja lambat
- Tiap organ endokrin -> 1 atau beberapa hormon
-> target organ tertentu
ORGAN ENDOKRIN
Kelenjar Hipofisis
Kelenjar Tiroid
Kelenjar Adrenal
Testis
Ovarium
KELENJAR HIPOFISIS
FEEDBACK MECHANISM
Kelenjar
- endokrin
Pelepasan
Respons
hormon
Sasaran +
organ
KELENJAR TIROID
Hormon paratiroid
Mengatur metabolisme kalsium
dalam darah & tulang
Bekerja dengann kalsitonin
dengan efek sebaliknnya
- Paratiroid meningkatkan
kadar Ca dalam darah
- Kalsitonin menurunkan kadar
Ca dalam darah
KELENJAR ADRENAL
Medula
- Epinerfin
- Norepinefrin
GLUKOKORTIKOID
Hipofisis
- + Pelepasan ACTH +
Adrenal
Hipotalamus - Pelepasan
Pelepasan CRH glukokortikoid
(kortisol)
- +
Peningkatan Organ target
kadar glukosa (hepar) +
Glukoneogenesis
PANKREAS
Eksokrin:
- Enzim pencernaan
- Natrium bikarbonat
Endokrin
- Insulin
+ sel beta pankreas
+ Memasukkan gula darah ke sel
menghambat glukonneogenesis
- Glukagon
+ Sel alfa pankreas
+ Merangsang glukonegenesis