Diagram Fasa
Diagram Fasa
Contoh-contoh pemaduan:
Water
Alcohol
Oil
Water
Solution
Sugar
Saturated Syrup
Water
Excess Sugar
Next
Cu
Ni
Fe
C
A + B (tidak larut)
2. Larut padat
diameter
atom.
substitusi/interstisi
ditentukan
oleh
faktor
Konstruksi
fasa
pembentukan
diagram
10
80
60
40
Pure
Water
(liquid solution
i.e., syrup)
20
0
Solubility
Limit
(liquid)
+
S
(solid
sugar)
20
40
6065 80
100
Co=Composition (wt% sugar)
syrup
syrup + sugar
Pure
Sugar
100
Example:
Phase Diagram of WaterSugar System
watersugar
system
Te m p e ra tu re (C )
100
80
60
40
20
0
2 phases
(liquid)
(liquid solution
i.e., syrup)
+
S
(solid
sugar)
A(70,20)
2 phases
20
40
60 70 80
100
Co=Composition (wt% sugar)
12
FIG. 3-50 (1) Heat pure metal to point Ta; (2) cooling of liquid metal a b; (3) at
point b, pure metal starts to precipitate out of solution; (4) point c, pure metal
completely solid; curve from b to c straight horizontal line showing constant
temperature Tb-c because thermal energy absorbed in change from liquid to solid; (5)
13
more cooling of solid pure metal from c to d and temperature begins to fall again.
FIG. 3-54 Allotropic forms of iron (three phases: bcc, fcc, bcc)
15
FIG. 3-50 (c) Cooling curve for a metal alloy: (1) The alloy A-B heated to point a
(liquid phase, with both metals soluble in each other); (2) cooling of alloy in liquid
phase; (3) point b, solidification begins; (4) point c, solidification complete; sloped
b c due to changing from liquid to solid over the temperature range Tb to Tc
because components A and B have different melting/cooling temperatures; (5)
16
further cooling from c to d of solid-state metal alloy.
T(C)
1600
1500
L (liquid)
1400
1300
(FCC solid
solution)
1200
1100
1000
0
20
40
60
80
2 phases:
L (liquid)
2 phases:
(FCC solid solution)
L (liquid)
2 lines (phase boundaries):
(FCC
solid
The
liquidus
linesolution)
(L/L+)
solidus
line (/L+)
3 The
phase
fields:
L fields:
3 phase
LL +
L+
100
wt% Ni
19
contoh:
A (1100C, 60wt% Ni):
1 phase:
B (1250C, 35wt% Ni):
2 phases: L +
L (liquid)
B (1250,35)
T(C)
1400
1300
1200
1100
1000
0
(FCC solid
solution)
A(1100,60)
20
40
60
80
100
wt% Ni
20
ws wo
L
x100%
ws wl
wo wl
S
x100%
ws wl
21
L (liquid)
B (1250,35)
1500
1400
contoh: C0 = 35 wt%Ni
At TA:
Only Liquid (L)
CL = C0 = 35 wt%Ni
At TD:
Only Solid ()
C = C0 = 35 wt%Ni
At TB:
Both and L
CL = CLiquidus = 32 wt%Ni
C = CSolidus = 43 wt%Ni
1300
1200
1100
T(C)
TA
1300
TB
1200
TD
20
1000
0
(FCC solid
solution)
A(1100,60)
20
40
60
80
100
wt% Ni
tie line
L (liquid)
B
D
(solid)
303235 4043
C LC o
50
C wt% Ni
22
wl (32%)
wo(35%)
43 35
L
x100%
43 32
L 72,7%
ws(43%)
35 32
S
x100%
43 32
S 27,3%
23
58 53
L
x100%
58 45
L 38%
wo(53%)
ws(58%)
53 45
S
x100%
58 45
S 62%
24
(2)
25
(L)
phase
26
C = C0 = 60 wt% Ni
27
(L)
Point B
+ L phases
28
29
Tie Line
35
42.5
CL C0
C
Composition (wt% Ni)
30
Upon cooling
L
35wt% 32wt%
24wt%
46wt% 43wt%
36wt%
T(C) L (liquid)
1300
L: 35wt%Ni
: 46wt%Ni
Sufficiently slow
cooling rate gives
enough time for
composition
readjustments
A
32
35
B
C
46
43
D36
24
1200
Equilibrium cooling
L: 35wt%Ni
L: 32wt%Ni
: 43wt%Ni
L: 24wt%Ni
: 36wt%Ni
(solid)
1100
20
30
35
Co
40
50
wt% Ni
31