Family : Enterobacteriaceae
4
PENULARAN
5
Definisi Kasus
Confirmed case of Probable case of
Chronic carrier
typhoid fever Typhoid fever
1. Isolasi (kultur)
2. Serologi (antibodi)
3. Teknik molekular
Situasi Diagnostik Indonesia
Isolasi / Kultur
Kultur aspirasi
Kultur feses Kultur darah
sumsum tulang
Kelemahan Isolasi :
Fecal carrier mernyebabkan hasil negatif palsu pada kultur feses
Sensitivitas rendah tergantung pada waktu pengambilan
Pemberian antibiotik mempengaruhi pertumbuhan kuman
Hasil lama
Kultur dari biopsi sumsum tulang merupakan prosedur invasif
Fasilitas pendukung tidak tersedia luas di daerah endemis
Pemeriksaan Serologi
- Aglutinasi : Widal
- ELISA
- Imunokromatografi
- Immunoblotting
- IMBI
Hasil semikuantitatif
h - antigen (flagellar)
Vi - antigen (capsular)
Antigen Spesifik Salmonella
A S. paratyphi A 1, 2, 12 a
B S. paratyphi B 1, 4, (5), 12 b 1, 2
S. stanley 1, 4, (5), 12, 27 d 1, 2
S. typhimurium 1, 4, (5), 12 i 1, 2
C1 S. paratyphi C 6, 7, (Vi) c 1, 5
S. choleraesuis 6, 7 c 1, 5
C2 S. manhattan 6, 8 d 1, 5
S. newport 6, 8 e, h 1, 2
D S. sendai 1, 9, 12 a 1, 5
S. typhi 1, 9, 12, Vi d
S. dublin 1, 9, 12, (Vi) g, p
S. panama 1, 9, 12 1, v 1, 5
S. gallinarum 1, 9, 12
E1 S. anatum 3, 10 e, h 1, 6
21
Alasan Penggunaan Antigen
Lipopolisakarida O9 S.typhi
(Lim PL, etal, 1998. One step 2-minutes test to detect typhoid specific antibodies based on
particle separation in Tubes. J Clin Microbiol,36,2271-2278) 22
WHY LPS O9 Antigen ?
Immunogenic in infants
LPS O-9
Antigen Potent B cell mitogen
PRINCIPLE REACTIONS :
IMBI
Negative - When magnetic
particle coated with Ag (S.typhi
LPS) are mixed with blue latex
particles coated with anti- S.typhi
LPS (09) antibody, the two types of
particles will bind to each other. At
the end proses, magnetic particle
complex are sedimented to the
tube bottom by use of magnet.
tc 24
Interpretasi Hasil
Separate on TUBEX
Magnetic Color Scale
5 min
10 8 6 4 2 0
0 8 4
tc 25
Sampel berwarna / tidak jernih
LOGO
Interpretasi Hasil
30
Comparison of four serological test kits in the Philippines
SD Bioline
IgM 69.0 79.3 67.8 80.2
IgG (Immunostrip ) 70.7 76.1 65.1 80.5
TYPHIDOT
IgM 54.7 64.7 53.2 66.0
IgG 73.3 46.1 50.0 70.1
MEGA
IgM 90.7 49.0 56.7 87.7
IgG 96.0 39.2 53.7 93.0
31
PRODUCT PERFORMANCE