SOMATIK OTONOM
KHUSUS
Sensasi adalah :
PERSEPSI :
RESEPTOR
SYARAF
SPINAL CORD
TALAMUS
OTAK
MODALITAS SENSORI
Mekanoreseptor : sensitif terhadap raba, dan
adanya perubahan tekanan
pain
JENIS – JENIS PERSYARAFAN
UKURAN
BERMIELIN /TIDAK
Kecepatan hantar
syarafnya
A Alfa
A Beta
A Delta
C
PRIMER
PROTOPATHIC atau
PROTEKTIF DISKRIMINATORY
Menerima rangsang nyeri, dan
suhu EPICRITIC
Termasuk tingling dan iching
1. Raba tekan
2. 2 point discriminative
TRAKTUS 3. Stereognosis
SPINOTALAMIKUS 4. Kinesthesia
5. Awareness of small
temperature
Somatic Pain- disebabkan adanya
trauma atau injuri dari kulit, otot, tendon
atau sendi
vs.
Reveal sites of
damage to spinal
nerves or spinal cord
KOLUMNA POSTERIOR MEDULA
SPINALIS
Proprioseptik
SISTEM SENSORI DI
MEDULA SPINALIS
Ada 2 sistem
1. Sistem Kolumna dorsalis –
Lemniskus : untuk raba,
tekan, vibrasi serta posisi
tubuh (proprioseptik)
2. Sistem anterolateral
(traktus spinotalamikus
anterolateral) : untuk
sensasi nyeri, panas,
dingin, tinkling, icthing,
sensasi seksual dan raba
kasar
Primary Sensory Cortex
Proprioseptik
A. Gejala :
nyeri, parestesi (kesemutan), baal (
numbness), rasa nyeri berlebihan
(hiperpatia)
B. Tanda-tanda:
1. Hipestensi : perasa raba menurun
Anestesi : rasa raba hilang
Hiperestesi : rasa raba meningkat
2. Hipalgesi : perasa nyeri menurun
Analgesi : rasa nyeri hilang
Hiperalgesi : rasa nyeri meningkat
– Vestibular dysfunction—
– tactile dysfunction---
– global dysfunction---
Gejala gangguan Sensory Integration
4. Perceptual Skills
difficulty matching objects
loses place when copying or reading
difficulty putting together puzzles
misjudges distances when reaching for objects or setting things
down
5. Cognitive Skills
Distractible
unable to transfer/generalize skills
usually an average IQ
6. Psychosocial Skills
poor self-esteem
throws tantrums
gets frustrated easily
7. Sensory Processing
hypersensitive to sensory stimuli(e.g.., loud noises)
touches everything/nothing
hates being hugged/loves physical contact
afraid of movement/loves movement
lethargic/unusually active
MOTORIC DYSFUNCTION
CEREBRAL PALSI
MUSCULAR DISTROPHY
SENSORI MOTOR DISFUNCTION
Apraksia / dispraksia
oral apraksia
ideasional apraksia
limb apraksia
motorik apraksia
construksional apraksia