PHARMACOLOGY
Dani Kurniawan
1961B0001
Definisi :
01 Analgesik
Analgetika adalah zat-zat yang pada dosis
terapeutik menghilangkan atau menekan
rasa nyeri tanpa menyebabkan kehilangan
kesadaran.
02 Nyeri
Definisi nyeri yang dibuat IASP (International
Association The Study of Pain) yang berbunyi
“nyeri adalah pengalaman sensorik dan
emosional yang tidak menyenangkan akibat
kerusakan jaringan, baik aktual maupun
potensial, atau yang digambarkan dalam bentuk
kerusakan tersebut.”
Place Your Picture Here Mekanisme Nyeri
Mengurangi penderitaan Meminimalkan reaksi tak Meningkatkan kualitas hidup pasien dan
dan ketidakmampuan diinginkan atau mengoptimalkan kemampuan pasien
akibat nyeri intoleransi terhadap terapi untuk menjalankan aktivitas sehari-hari
nyeri
Prinsip Penatalaksanaan Nyeri
Pengobatan nyeri harus dimulai dengan analgesik yang
paling ringan sampai ke yang paling kuat
Tahapannya :
ONLINE DIAGNOSIS
Clean Text Analgesik
Slide
for your Non Narkotik
Presentation
Analgesik
Antipiretik Anti Inflamasi Non Steroid
Narkotik / opioid analgesik
Obat Pirai
ANALGETIK NONNARKOTIK/
ANALGETIK PERIFER
Selain bersifat
analgesik juga
bersifat
05
Golongan ini sering
disebut juga dengan
AINS yakni Anti
antiinflamasi dan
antipiretik 04
Inflamasi Non
Steroid
03
02
Efektif untuk nyeri seperti
01 nyeri pada sakit kepala,
dismenore (nyeri menstruasi ),
Dipakai untuk nyeri pada inflamasi, abrasi
mengobati nyeri minor, nyeri otot dan artritis
ringan sampai ringan sampai sedang
Tidak bersifat sedang
adiktif
Mekanisme Kerja
Golongan obat ini bekerja dengan cara menghambat
sintesa prostaglandin (PG).
PARACETAMOL
KODEIN
o Digunakan untuk nyeri ringan sampai sedang
o T ½ 3 jam, efikasi 1/10 morfin. TRAMADOL
o Ketergantungan lebih rendah o Digunakan untuk nyeri sedang sampai kuat oleh berbagai
o Dosis oral 30 mg setara dengan aspirin 325-600 mg penyebab akut dan kronis
o Dosis kodein untuk antitusiv adalah 10 mg untuk orang o Lama kerja 6 jam, intensitas 1/5 – 1/10 morfin
dewasa o T ½ 6 jam
o Nama Dagang : CODITAM (Kimia Farma), o Metabolisme dalam hati
CODIPRONT (Kimia Farma), CODIPRON CUM EXP o Eliminasi melalui ginjal
(Kimia Farma) o Efek samping lebih ringan daripada morfin, sedikit hingga
sama sekali tidak ada depresi pernafasan
o Nama Dagang : TRAMAL (Pharos), KAMADOL (Kimia
Farma), FORGESIK (Bernofarm), TRAGESIK (Kalbe Farma),
TRADOSIK (Sanbe), TRUNAL DX (Ferron) dll
Thank You
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