operator
Asisten operator
Scrub nurse
TAHAP KEPERAWATAN PERIOPERATIF : POST
OPERATIF
masuknya pasien ke PACU dan berakhir dengan
tatanan klinik atau di rumah
suatu kondisi dalam ruang PACU sampai pasien
dalam kondisi sadar utk dibawa ke ruang rawat inap
(Arief Muttaqin)
pemindahan pasien dari ruang op sampai ke ruang
PACU
Postoperative Care:
Immediate postoperative period.
Initial Assessment
Airway patency
Effectiveness of respiration
Presence of artificial airways
Mechanical ventilation, or supplemental oxygen
Circulatory status, vital signs
Wound condition, including dressings and drains
Fluid balance, including IV fluids, output from catheters
and drains and ability to void
Level of consciousness and pain
Postoperative Care:
Later postoperative period
Ongoing Assessment
Respiratory function
General condition
Vital signs
Cardiovascular function
Fluid status
Pain level
Bowel and urinary elimination
Dressings, tubes, drains, and IV lines
KHUSUS TINDAKAN BEDAH ORTOPEDI
Perhatikan mobilisasi post operatif mobilisasi dini
Tujuan : mencegah kontraktur, atrofi otot dan infeksi
Perhatikan pada tindakan bedah tulang belakang
perlu tidaknya brace
Kolaborasi dengan dokter atau fisioterapi
Nursing Diagnosis
Risk for altered respiratory function related to
immobility, effects of anesthesia, analgesics and pain.
Pain related to surgical incision and manipulation of body
structures.
Altered Comfort (nausea and vomiting) related to effects
of anesthesia or side effects of narcotics.
Risk for Infection related to break in skin integrity
(surgical incision, wound drainage devices).
Activity Intolerance related to decreased mobility and
weakness secondary to anesthesia and surgery.
Postoperative Complications
1. Hemorrhage
2. Shock
3. Hypoxia
4. Aspiration
Four Categories for Surgical Standards:
CONTROL OF INFECTION AND
CONTAMINATION
ANESTHESIA AND PATIENT
MONITORING
SURGICAL OPERATOR
QUALITY ASSURANCE
Surgical Risk Factor
Age → Very young – Elderly
Nutritional Status →Malnourished – Low weight –
Obese
Medical Problems →Acute and chronic respiratory
problems – Hypertension – Liver dysfunction – Renal
failure – Diabetes
Bundles of Care in Surgical Site Infection (SSI)
Clippers - Hair Removal:
If hair must be
removed from the surgical site,
clippers are the best option. Never
use a razor.
Antibiotics Prophylactic
Antibiotic: Antibiotics consistent
with national guidelines should be
administered within 1 hour of
incision time and discontinued
within 24 hours, in most cases.
Temperature - Normothermia:
Colorectal
surgery patients should be
normothermic (96.8-100.4°F)
within the first hour of surgery.
Sugar – Glucose Control:
Cardiac surgery
patients should have controlled 6
Provisions of the Universal Protocol
Preoperative verification process
Relevant pre-op tasks completed and information is available and
correct
1 2
3 4
5 6
Luka tusuk jarum
300 luka tusuk/100 TT/tahun
21.5% selama tindakan
78.5% setelah tindakan
Recapping
Melepas jarum / scalpel
Yunihastuti, et al. Health Care Workers’ Behaviour during HIV Occupational Exposure
Reported to Pokdisus AIDS Jakarta 2004-2006
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