1
OUTLINE
Penggantian balutan
2
TUJUAN PEMBELAJARAN
3
OVERVIEW
4
KONTINUM AKSES VASKULAR
Jenis Durasi
terapi pemberia
intravena n
Tingkat
Faktor
kesulitan
pasien
insersi
6
JENIS TERAPI
7
FAKTOR PASIEN
Kondisi medis yang ada
secara bersamaan di
pasien
Riwayat perawatan
8
FAKTOR LAINNYA
Kebutuhan pengambilan
sampel darah
9
*
10
POTENSI MASALAH
11
PENCEGAHAN KEGAGALAN PEMAS
12
FAKTOR MANUSIA
13
FAKTOR LINGKUNGAN & SUMBER DAYA
14
FAKTOR KETRAMPILAN
15
*
PERAWATAN AKSES
VASKULAR
MONITORING AKSES VASKULAR
*
29
STANDARISASI
1. Seluruh sistem infus, mulai dari area insersi sampai wadah cairan infus, harus secara rutin
dilakukan penilaian terhadap beberapa komponen berikut, yaitu : patensi, kecepatan
tetesan, risiko komplikasi, masa penggantian infus, balutan, hingga teknik pemberian.
2. Akses vaskular harus dicabut pada kondisi yang berpotensi komplikasi atau ketika tidak
digunakan lagi untuk keperluan medikasi.
3. Perawatan akses vaskular, termasuk penggunaan antiseptik kulit dan penggantian balutan,
harus dilakukan terjadwal atau sesegera mungkin jika balutan kotor akibat kelembaban
yang meningkat, tampak adanya perdarahan dan produksi drainase dari area insersi.
4. Penggunaan balutan steril, harus dikombinasikan dengan penggunaan perangkat pengaman
yang sesuai dengan kondisi dan preferensi pasien, sehingga baik insersi akses vaskular
perifer maupun sentral terlindungi, sebagai pencegahan masuknya mikroba, dan menjaga
integritas kulit.
5. Perawatan dan penggantian balutan akses vaskular menggunakan teknik Aseptic Non
Touch Technique (ANTT).
30
REFERENSI
• Asia Pacific Society of Infectuon Control. (2016). AIPSIC Guide for Prevention of Central Line • Hospital-Acquired Conditions and Present on Admission Indicator Reporting Provision. Centers for
Associated Bloodstream Infections (CLABSI). Medicare & Medicaid Services. ICN 901046 September 2014
• Patel et al. Consensus Guidelines for Periprocedural Management of Coagulation Status and
• Buetti, Nicollo. Et al. (2022). SHEA/IDSA/APIC Practice Recommendation: Strategies to prevent central Hemostasis Risk in Percutaneous Image-guided Interventions. JVIR 2012. 23:727-736
line-associated bloodstream infections in acute-care hospitals: 2022 Update. Infection Control & • Interdisciplinary Clinic Practice Manual. Vascular Access Device Policy, Adult (IFC035). The John
Hospital Epidemiology (2022), 43, 553–569. doi:10.1017/ice.2022.87 Hopkins Hospital. 2008
• Guidelines for the Prevention of Intravascular Catheter-Related Infections. Centers for Disease Control
• Komite Pencegahan & Pengendalian Infeksi RSUI. 2022. Bundle Pencegahan dan Surveilans IAD. and Prevention. 2011
• Marschall et al. Strategies to Prevent Central Line-Associated Bloodstream infections in Acute Care
• Setiasih, Yani. (2022). Maintenance dan Monitoring Akses Intra vena pada Neonatus. Disampaikan pada
Hospitals:2014 Update. Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology. 2014 Vol 35 No S2: S89-S107
Workshop PICC pada Neonatus, Bandung.
• Wise et al. National Estimates of Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infection in Critical Care
• Millennium Research Group. Vascular Access Devices/US/2014/Market Analysis. 2014 Patients. Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology. 2013. Vol 34 No. 6; 547-554 Phillips, L.D.
Manual of I.V. Therapeutics. Third Edition.2001. F.A. Davis Company
• Teleflex™, Arrow™ Pressure Injectable CVC Brochure 1-2013 • Phillips, L.D. Manual of I.V. Therapeutics. Third Edition.2001. F.A. Davis Company
• Tarttiere et al. Estimation of the diameter and cross-sectional area of the internal jugular veins in adult
• Bard Access Systems, 5F TL PowerPICC™ HF Catheter Brochure 2011. MC-0914-01 patients. Critical Care. 2009. Vol 3 No 6
• The PICC Book. PICC Manual. Bard Access Systems. 2015
• Black IH, et al. Central venous pressure measurements: peripherally inserted catheters versus centrally • Timsit et al. Central Vein Catheter-Related Thrombosis in Intensive Care Patients: Incidence, Risk
inserted catheters. Crit Care Med 2000;28(12):3833-3836. Factors with Catheter-Related Sepsis. CHEST. 1998. 114, 207-213
• Chopra V, et al. Peripherally inserted central catheter-related deep vein thrombosis: contemporary
• McLemore EC, et al. Intraoperative peripherally inserted central venous catheter central venous
patterns and predictors. J Thrombosis and Haemostasis 2014;12:847-854.
pressure monitoring in abdominal aortic aneurysm reconstruction. Ann Vasc Surg 2006;20:577-581. • Sharp R, et al. The catheter to vein ratio and rates of symptomatic venous thromboembolism in
• Yun, JY, et al. Comparison of the central venous pressure from internal jugular vein and the pressure patients with a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC): A prospective study. International J Nurs
measured from the peripherally inserted antecubital central catheter (PICCP) in liver transplantation Studies 2015;52:677-685.
recipients. Korean J Anesth 2011.61(4):281-287.
• Dariushnia et al. Quality Improvement Guidelines for Central Venous Access. 2010. J Vasc Inter Radiol.
21. 976-981
TERIMA KASIH