KONSEP MODEL TEORI SELF

DEFICIT DAN
TRANSKULTURAL NURSING
Oleh Kelompok :
Delfia netti (2220243133)
Surya Ningsih (2220243138)
Netri nofnita (2220243136)

DOSEN PEMBIMBING
NS. Maidaliza, M.Kep
A. Perawatan Diri (Self Care)
1. Definisi Self Care
Pada dasarnya semua manusia mempunyai kebutuhan
untuk melakukan perawatan diri dan mempunyai hak
untuk melakukan perawatan diri secara mandiri, kecuali
bila orang itu tidak mampu
Teori defisit perawatan diri (Deficit Self Care) Orem dibentuk
menjadi 3 teori yang saling berhubungan :

• Teori perawatan diri (self care theory) : menggambarkan dan menjelaskan

tujuan dan cara individu melakukan perawatan dirinya.
• Teori defisit perawatan diri (deficit self care theory) : menggambarkan dan
menjelaskan keadaan individu yang membutuhkan bantuan dalam melakukan
perawatan diri, salah satunya adalah dari tenaga keperawatan.
• Teori sistem keperawatan (nursing system theory) : menggambarkan dan
menjelaskan hubungan interpersonal yang harus dilakukan dan dipertahankan
oleh seorang perawat agar dapat melakukan sesuatu secara produktif.
2. Teori perawatan diri (self care theory) berdasarkan Orem terdiri dari :

Perawatan diri adalah tindakan yang diprakarsai oleh individu dan

01 diselenggarakan berdasarkan adanya kepentingan untuk mempertahankan
hidup, fungsi tubuh yang sehat, perkembangan dan kesejahteraan.

Agen perawatan diri (self care agency) adalah kemampuan yang kompleks dari
02 individu atau orang-orang dewasa (matur) untuk mengetahui dan memenuhi
kebutuhannya yang ditujukan untuk melakukan fungsi dan perkembangan tubuh.

Kebutuhan perawatan diri terapeutik (therapeutic self care demands) adalah tindakan
03 perawatan diri secara total yang dilakukan dalam jangka waktu tertentu untuk
memenuhi seluruh kebutuhan perawatan diri individu melalui cara-cara tertentu

Self Care Requisites: kebutuhan self care merupakan suatu tindakan yang ditujukan
04 pada penyediaan dan perawatan diri sendiri yang bersifat universal dan berhubungan
dengan proses kehidupan manusia serta dalam upaya mepertahankan fungsi tubuh.
Hal yang umum bagi seluruh Pemenuhan kebutuhan udara, pemenuhan
01
manusia meliputi pemenuhan kebutuhan udara

kebutuhan yaitu :
Pemenuhan kebutuhan air atau minum tanpa
02 adanya gangguan

Pemenuhan kebutuhan makanan tanpa

03 gangguan, seperti dapat mengambil makanan
atau peralatan makanan tanpa bantuan.

Pemenuhan kebutuhan eliminasi dan kebersihan

04 permukaan tubuh atau bagian bagian tubuh.

Pemenuhan kebutuhan akifitas dan istrahat.

05
 3. Teori Defisit Perawatan Diri (Deficit Self Care Theory)

Defisit perawatan diri menjelaskan hubungan antara kemampuan seseorang

dalam bertindak/beraktivitas dengan tuntunan kebutuhan tentang
perawatan diri, sehingga ketika tuntutan lebih besar dari kemampuan, maka
seseorang akan mengalami penurunan/defisit perawatan diri.

Adapun kebutuhan perawatan diri pada kondiri penyimpangan kesehatan atau

perubahan kesehatan antara lain :
1) Pencarian bantuan kesehatan.
2) Kesadaran akan resiko munculnya masalah akibat pengobatan atau
perawatan yang dijalani.
3) Melakukan diagnostik, terapi, dan rehabilitatif, memahami efek buruk dari
perawatan.
4) Adanya modifikasi gambaran atau konsep diri.
5) Penyesuaian gaya hidup yang dapat mendukung perubahan status kesehatan.
4. Ruang Lingkup Perawatan Diri deficid self care

1 Kebersihan badan
2. Makan dan minum
3. Berpakaian
4. Menolong diri
5. Komunikasi,
6. Adaptasi lingkungan
7. Penggunaan waktu luang
8. Keterampilan sederhana
 Komponen Kemampuan Perawatan Diri (Self Care Agency)

01 02 03

Kemampuan dasar dan disposisi Kemampuan untuk melakukan

Komponen kekuatan atau
(Foundational Capabilities And tenaga (Power Components) perawatan diri (Capabilities To
Disposition) Kemampuan dasar Kemampuan spesifik untuk Perform Self Care Operations)
meliputi sensasi, persepsi, dan mempertahankan kesehatan Kemampuan seseorang untuk
yang berhubungan dengan terus melakukan perawatan diri
memori, sedangkan disposisi
tindakan perawatan diri. baik untuk diri mereka sendiri
meliputi pemahaman seseorang maupun orang lain
mengenai
E. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kebutuhan self care (basic
conditioning factor) berdasarkan Orem tahun 2011 yaitu
• Usia
• Jenis Kelamin
• Status Perkembangan
• Status kesehatan
• Sosiokultural
• Sistem keluarga
• Pola hidup
• Lingkungan
• Ketersediaan sumber
 B.Trankultural Nursing
Definisi Trankultural Nursing
Transkultural bila ditinjau dari
makna kata , transkultural
berasal dari kata trans dan
culture, trans berarti alur
perpindahan, jalan lintas atau
penghubung.
 Transcultural Nursing merupakan suatu area
yang berkaitan dengan perbedaan maupun
Easy to change kesamaan nilai– nilai budaya ( nilai budaya
colors, photos yang berbeda , ras , yang mempengaruhi
and Text.
pada seorang perawat saat melakukan
asuhan keperawatan kepada klien / pasien

Easy to change
kultur berarti; -kebudayaan , cara pemeliharaan , colors, photos
and Text.
pembudidayaan. - Kepercayaan , nilai – nilai dan pola
perilaku yang umum berlaku bagi suatu kelompok dan
diteruskan pada generasi berikutnya , sedangkan cultural
berarti; sesuatu yang berkaitan dengan kebudayaan.
2. Tujuan Penggunaan
KeperawatanTranskultural
Menurut Leniger tujuan penggunaan keperawatan transkultural
adalah dalam pengembangan sains dan ilmu yang humanis
sehingga tercipta praktek keperawatan pada kebudayaan yang
spesifik. Dengan adanya keperawatan transkultural dapat
membantu klien beradaptasi terhadap budaya tertentu yang lebih
menguntungkan kesehatannya. Perawat juga dapat membantu
klien agar dapat memilih dan menentukan budaya lain yang lebih
mendukung peningkatan status kesehatan.
 Asuhan keperawatan ditujukan memandirikan individu sesuai dengan budaya klien. Strategi yang digunakan dalam melaksanakan asuhan keperawatan :
 
 

Strategi I  

Perlindungan/mempertahankan budaya. Text Here

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Strategi II,

Text Here
Mengakomodasi/negoasiasi budaya.

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Strategi III
Mengubah/mengganti budaya klien
 E. Proses KeperawatanTranskultural

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