OTOT-OTOT AXIAL

DORSAL
(LEHER & PUNGGUNG)

DEPARTEMEN ANATOMI
FK USU
 1
OTOT-OTOT AXIAL DORSAL
(MUSCLES OF THE BACK)

 KOMPONEN-KOMPONEN OTOT
 ORIGO
 INSERTIO
 FUNGSI (ACTION)
 MUSCULUS ERECTOR TRUNCI
1. Deep muscles (Intrinsic muscles) :
a. Otot Transversa Spinalis :
Termasuk otot-otot punggung yang miring :
Origo : Processus Transversus
Insertio : Processus Spinosus Vertebra
 Musc. Rotatores :
M. Rotatores Thoracalis Brevis : menghub 2 vertebra
Terdapat pada yang berdekatan
Seluruh columna M. Rotatores Thoracalis Longus : melewati 1 vertebra
vertebra mulai  Musc. Multifidus : melewati 3 vertebra
dari sacrum.
 Musc. Semispinalis
Mulai dari Thorax sampai ke kepala, melewati 5
vertebra
 b. Otot Interspinalis
Menghub tiap 2 Proc. Spinosus yg berdekatan.
Lanjutannya ke cranial sbg M.m. Rectus Capitis
Posterior Mayor dan M.m. Rectus Capitis
Posterior Minor
c. Otot Inter-Transversi
Menghub ke Cervicalis sbg M.m. Obliquus
Capitis Superior dan M.m. Obliquus Capitis
Inferior

Termasuk otot-otot punggung yang lurus

Deep muscles (Intrinsic muscles)
2. Superficial muscles (M.Sacro Spinalis – Erector
Spinae)
a. M. Spinalis
Inner division dr M. Erector Spinae
Sangat tipis, berada dibgn medial dr M. Sacrospinalis,
diantara Proc. Spinosus
 M. Spinalis Capitis
 M. Spinalis Cervicis
 M. Spinalis Dorsi
b. M. Longissimus
Middle division dr Erector Spinae
Merupakan serabut tengah dr M. Sacrospinalis, diantara Proc.
Transversus
 M. Longissimus Capitis
 M. Longissimus Cervicis
 M. Longissimus Dorsi
c. M. Iliocostalis
External division dr Erector Spinae.
Terletak diantara tlg iga / costa
M. Iliocostalis Cervicis
M. Iliocostalis Dorsi
M. Iliocostalis Lumborum
Superficial muscles (M.Sacro Spinalis – Erector Spinae)
II. Musculus Sub - Occipitalis
II. Musculus Sub - Occipitalis
II. Musculus Sub - Occipitalis

 Musc. Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor

O : Tuberculum Posterior Atlas
I : Garis tengah Linea Nuchae Inferior

 Musc. Rectus Capitis Posterior Mayor

O : Proc. Spinosus V.Cervicalis II
I : Linea Nuchae Inferior/Planum Nuchae
dr Squama Occipitalis
 9

 Musc. Obliquus Capitis Superior

O : Proc. Transversus Atlas
I : Lateral Planum Nuchae dr Squama
Occipitalis

 Musc. Obliquus Capitis Inferior

O : Proc. Spinosus Episthropei
I : Proc. Transversus Atlantis
Musculus Sub - Occipitalis
 FUNGSI OTOT-OTOT ERECTOR TRUNCI
DAN OTOT-OTOT SUB-OCCIPITALIS
 Otot-otot yg mengextensikan
Columna/musculus erector
spina Vertebralis :
 M.. Spinalis
 M. Longissimus
 M. Iliocostalis
 M. Interspinalis Superior
 Otot-otot yg membengkokkan
Columna Vertebralis ke Lateral
:
 M. Intertransversus
 OTOT – OTOT PENDEK TENGKUK
 LEHER
Otot-otot yg menarik
kepala ke belakang :
 M. Rectus Capitis
Posterior Mayor
 M. Rectus Capitis
Posterior Minor
 Otot-otot yg menarik
kepala ke bawah :
 M. Obliquus Capitis
Superior
 Otot-otot yg memutar
Atlas
 M. Obliquus Capitis
Inferior
 TRIGONUM POSTERIOR 16

COLLI
Batas:
 Ventro-medial :
pinggir dasar m.
Sternocleidomastoideus
 Dorso-lateral : pinggir
ventral m.Trapezius
 Cauda-lateral : ventral
inferior m.Omohyoid

Atapnya terdiri dari lapisan fascia cervical yang mengelilingi

otot-otot sternocleidomastoid dan trapezius yang melewati
daerah tersebut.
 TRIGONUM POSTERIOR
COLLI
 The muscular floor of
the posterior triangle is
covered by the
prevertebral layer of
cervical fascia; and
from superior to
inferior consists of the
splenius capitis,
levator scapulae, and
the posterior, middle,
and anterior scalene
muscles.
 TRIGONUM POSTERIOR
COLLI
VENA JUGULARIS
EXTERNA
 One of the most superficial
structures passing through
the posterior triangle of the
neck
 This large vein forms near
the angle of mandible,
when the retromandibular
and posterior auricular
veins join, and descends
through the neck in the
superficial fascia.
 TRIGONUM POSTERIOR
COLLI
ARTERI SUBCLAVIA & BRANCHES
 The largest is the third part of the subclavian artery as it crosses
the base of the posterior triangle
 The first part of the subclavian artery ascends to the medial
border of the anterior scalene muscle from either the
brachiocephalic artery on the right side or directly from the arch
of the aorta on the left side. It has numerous branches.
 The second part of the subclavian artery passes laterally
between the anterior and middle scalene muscles, and one branch
may arise from it.
 The third part of the subclavian artery emerges from between
the anterior and middle scalene muscles to cross the base of the
posterior triangle It extends from the lateral border of the anterior
scalene muscle to the lateral border of rib I where it becomes the
axillary artery and continues into the upper limb.
TRIGONUM POSTERIOR
COLLI

ARTERI SUBCLAVIA & BRANCHES

TRIGONUM POSTERIOR
COLLI
Transverse cervical and suprascapular arteries
 Two other small arteries also cross the base of the
posterior triangle.
 They are both branches of the thyrocervical trunk,
which arises from the first part of the subclavian
artery.
 TRIGONUM ANTERIOR COLLI

Batas :
 Lateral: anterior otot
sternokleidomastoid
 Superior: batas
inferior mandibula
 Medial: garis tengah
leher
-trapezius dr vertebrae cervicalis sampai thoracalis letaknya
superficial
trapezius ada medial ,upper and lower
- di deep ada splenius capitis dan splenius cervicis
-m . Iliocostalis ada externa dan interna merupakan musculus
interspinalis , menutup ruang intercostal
Externus dari lateral atas ke medial bawah -> bentuk serabut
{hanya sekitar 2 jari }
M. intercostalis internus -> dari belakang sampai ke cartilage
dari costae , bisa disebut juga M. intercostalis cartilaginis
ada iliocostalis cervicalis thoracis dan lumborum
-M. spinalis thoracis sangat tipis {inner divison dari m.
interspinalis }