MEDIA FERMENTASI
Contoh :
tetesgula tebu, tetes gula bit, serealia, pati,
glukosa, sukrosa dan laktosa sebagai sumber
karbon
garam amonium, urea, nitrat, bungkil kedele
sebagai sumber nitrogen.
Nitrogen 7-12
Pospor 1-3
Sulfur 0.5-1.0
Magnesium 0.5
Tabel 2. Komposisi unsur pada bakteri, yeast dan jamur (%
berat kering)
Sumber Energi-Karbon
Metanol 60.0
Etanol 40.0
Glukosa 60.0
Heksadekan 30.0
(NH4)2SO4 12.0
KH2PO4 1.3
MgSO4 1.5
Mineral sedikit
(Cu,Co,Fe,Ca,Zn,Mo,Mn) 10-4M
2. Biosintesa penisilin G oleh Penicillum sp mempunyai
neraca sbb :
10/6 C6H12O6 + 2NH3 + O2 + H2SO4 + C8H8O2 C6H18O4N2S + 2CO2+9H2O
glukosa fenil asam Penicilin G
asetat
Air
Sumber tenaga
Sumber karbon
Sumber nitrogen
sumber vitamin
Buffer
prekursor dan pengendali metabolisme
Kebutuhan oksigen
Molasses
Byproduct of cane sugar production
a dark viscous syrup containing 50% CHO
(sucrose) with 2% nitrogen, vitamins and minerals
Malt extract
Use aqueous extracts of malted barley to produce
C sources for cultivation of fungi and yeasts
Contain 90% CHO, 5% nitrogen and proteins,
peptides and amino acids
Whey
Aqueous byproduct of dairy industry
Contains lactose and milk proteins
Difficult to store (refrigerate) so freeze dried
Many MOs wont metabolize lactose but whey is
used in production of penecilluin, ethanol, SCP,
xanthan gum etc
Komponen Kisaran
KH2PO4 1.0-4.0
MgSO47H2O 0.25-3.0
KCl 0.5-12.0
CaCO3 5.0
FeSO44H2O 17.0
ZnSO48H2O 0.01-0.1
MnSO4H2O 0.1-1.0
CuSO45H2O 0.03-0.01
NaMoO 2H O 0.01-0.1
6. Sumber Vitamin
Sumber C dan N biasanya sudah mengandung vitamin
Pada produksi asam asetat perlu penambahan Ca
pantotenat
Pada produksi asam glutamat perlu penambahan biotin
Untuk pengaturan pH
Jenis buffer yang umum ditambahkan : kalsium
karbonat, protein, peptida, asam amino, amonia, NaOH
dan H2SO4
Pembuatan Penicilin
CARBON SOURCES:
Lactose acts as a very satisfactory carbon compound, provided
that is used in a concentration of 6%. Others such as glucose &
sucrose may be used.
NITROGEN SOURCES:
Corn steep liquor (CSL)
Ammonium sulphate and ammonium acetate can be used as
nitrogenous sources.
MINERAL SOURCES:
Elements namely potassium, phosphorus, magnesium, sulphur,
zinc and copper are essential for penicillin production. Some of
these are applied by corn steep liquor.
Calcium can be added in the form of chalk to counter the natural
acidity of CSL
PAA- precursor
Elisa Julianti - THP-FP-USU