SENYAWA HIDRAT
H
Disusun Oleh :
Fitri Ameita Sary, S.Pd
[Type text]
LEMBAR KERJA PESERTA DIDIK( LKPD) BERBASIS INKUIRI TERBIMBING
2
LEMBAR KERJA PESERTA DIDIK( LKPD) BERBASIS INKUIRI TERBIMBING
KOMPETENSI INTI
KOMPETENSI DASAR
3
LEMBAR KERJA PESERTA DIDIK( LKPD) BERBASIS INKUIRI TERBIMBING
KONSEP ESENSIAL
4
LEMBAR KERJA PESERTA DIDIK( LKPD) BERBASIS INKUIRI TERBIMBING
5
LEMBAR KERJA PESERTA DIDIK( LKPD) BERBASIS INKUIRI TERBIMBING
ORIENTASI
TUJUAN PEMBELAJARAN
EKSPLORASI
INFORMASI:
Secara umum, rumus hidrat dapat ditulis sebagai berikut ;
Rumus kimia senyawa kristal padat. xH2O
Jika senyawa hidrat dipanaskan, maka akan menghasilkan senyawa anhidrat dan
melepas molekul air kristalnya, seperti reaksi di bawah ini:
CaSO4.xH2O(s ) CaSO4(s) + xH2O(g)
dipanaskan x molekul air kristal
Senyawa hidrat Senyawa anhidrat
Salah contoh senyawa hidrat adalah garam inggris atau epsom salt atau
magnesium sulfat heptahidrat) memiliki rumus kimia MgSO4.7H2O, artinya dalam setiap
satu mol MgSO4 terdapat 7 mol H2O (air). Senyawa garam inggris berguna sebagai obat
pencahar atau pencuci perut. Beberapa contoh senyawa hidrat yang lain yaitu:
1. Terusi (CuSO4.5 H2O) : tembaga(II) sulfat pentahidrat
2. Gipsum (CaSO4.2 H2O) : kalsium sulfat dihidrat
3. Soda hablur (Na2CO3.10 H2O) : natrium karbonat dekahidrat
6
LEMBAR KERJA PESERTA DIDIK( LKPD) BERBASIS INKUIRI TERBIMBING
Untuk mengetahui apa itu senyawa hidrat dan kadar air di dalam senyawa hidrat, dan
rumus senyawa hidrat maka perhatikan tabel data percobaan pada model 1 di bawah ini:
MODEL 1.
Tabel Data Percobaan Senyawa Hidrat CuSO4.xH2O
Massa cawan Massa
Massa Massa cawan
Massa kristal bertutup + kristal
Senyawa Cawan bertutup + kristal
sebelum kristal setelah
Hidrat Porselen sebelum
pemanasan setelah pemanas
bertutup pemanasan
pemanasan an
CuSO4.xH2O 30,2780 gr 30,4306 gr 0,1526 gr 30,3782 gr 0,1002 gr
PERTANYAAN KUNCI:
1. Dari model 1 data percobaan Pemanasan Senyawa Hidrat di atas, coba ananda
jelaskan mengapa massa senyawa hidrat CuSO4.xH2O berkurang setelah
dilakukan pemanasan?
Jawab : ....................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................
2. Dari video percobaan senyawa hidrat yang ananda amati, bagaimana perubahan
warna senyawa hidrat CuSO4.xH2O sebelum dan setelah pemanasan?
Jawab: .....................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
7
LEMBAR KERJA PESERTA DIDIK( LKPD) BERBASIS INKUIRI TERBIMBING
……………………
𝐾𝑎𝑑𝑎𝑟 𝑎𝑖𝑟 𝑘𝑟𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑙 = × 100%
……………………
6. Berdasarkan informasi dan dan jawaban pertanyaan kunci 1-4, simpulkanlah apa
yang dimaksud dengan senyawa hidrat dan senyawa anhidrat?
Jawab: .....................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................
7. Berdasarkan data percobaan pada model 1 di atas, tentukanlah rumus senyawa
hidrat CuSO4.xH2O!
Jawab:
= … 𝑚𝑜𝑙 ∶ … . . 𝑚𝑜𝑙
= … ∶ … ..
8
LEMBAR KERJA PESERTA DIDIK( LKPD) BERBASIS INKUIRI TERBIMBING
APLIKASI
LATIHAN
1. Suatu garam natrium sulfat hidrat sebanyak 27 gram dipanaskan menghasilkan 18
gram natrium sulfat anhidrat. Tulislah persamaan reaksinya dan Tentukanlah kadar
molekul air yang menguap dari senyawa hidrat tersebut!
Jawab:
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
2. Sebanyak 15,0 gram hidrat dari besi (II) sulfat dipanasakan sampai semua air
menguapp. Jika massa padatan besi (II) sulfat yang terbentuk adalah 8,20 gram,
tentukan rumus senyawa hidrat tersebut. ( Ar Fe= 56, S=32, O = 16, H=1)
Jawab:
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
9
LEMBAR KERJA PESERTA DIDIK( LKPD) BERBASIS INKUIRI TERBIMBING
KESIMPULAN:
Berdasarkan informasi, model 1 dan pertanyaan kunci di atas, maka dapat disimpulkan
bahwa:
1. Senyawa hidrat dan senyawa anhidrat
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
2. Reaksi senyawa hidrat CuSO4. xH2O setelah dipanaskan
...................................................................................................................................................
3. Cara Menentukan Kadar air kristal yang menguap dari senyawa hidrat
..................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
4. Cara Menentukan Rumus senyawa hidrat yaitu
..................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................
10
LEMBAR KERJA PESERTA DIDIK( LKPD) BERBASIS INKUIRI TERBIMBING
SOAL
1. Sebanyak 2 gram kalsium klorida (CaCl2) menyerap uap air dari udara dan
membentuk hidrat dengan massa 3,94 gram. Tentukan rumus hidrat tersebut!
(Ar Ca = 40, Cl = 35,5, H = 1, dan O = 16)!
2. Pada kristalisasi 31, 9 gram senywa hidrat CuSO4.x H2O tembaga (II) sulfat
(CuSO4) terbentuk 4,99 gram senyawa anhidrat, CuSO4.x H2O. Tentukan
rumus hidrat dan kadar air dari senyawa hidrat tersebut! (Ar Cu = 63,5, S =
32, O = 16, dan H = 1)!
3. Kadar air kristal dalam suatu hidrat dari natrium karbonat (Na2CO3) adalah
14,5%. Tentukan rumus hidratnya! (Ar Na = 23, C = 12, O = 16, dan H = 1)
4. Sebanyak 10,0 gram magnesium sulfat menyerap uap air dan membentuk
hidrat dengan massa sebanyak 20,5 gram. Tentukanlah rumus hidrat tersebut.
(Ar Mg = 24 ; S = 32; O = 16; H= 1)
11
LEMBAR KERJA PESERTA DIDIK( LKPD) BERBASIS INKUIRI TERBIMBING
PENYELESAIAN:
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
12
LEMBAR KERJA PESERTA DIDIK( LKPD) BERBASIS INKUIRI TERBIMBING
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Cottpn, F. Albert, dan Geoffrey Wilkinson, (2009), Kimia Anorganik Dasar, Jakarta :
Universitas Indonesia
Utami, Budi, (2009), Kimia Untuk SMA dan MA kelas X, Jakarta: Pusat Perbukuan,
Departemen Pendidikan Nasional
Kurniwati, Dini, Mata Juniastri, dan Haris Watoni, (2016), Kimia untuk SMA/MA Kelas
X, Bandung:Yrama Widya
Sutresna, Nana, (2004) , Kimia untuk SMA Kelas XI Semester 1, Bandung: Grafindo
13