complex sentence, pikiran pada klausa independent merupakan pikiran utama (lebih penting)

sedangkan dependent merupakan tambahan. Dengan kata lain, suatu complex

sentence memiliki pondasi dasar berupa independent dengan informasi tambahan
berupa dependent clause(s).

Contoh Kalimat:

Independent Clause I like the book.

Dependent Clause that you bought yesterday. [menerangkan “book”]
I like the book that you bought yesterday.
Complex Sentence
(Saya suka buku yang kamu beli kemarin.)

Peran Subordinate Conjunction dan Relative Pronoun

Dependent clause tidak dapat berdiri sendiri, melainkan harus digabungkan dengan
independent dengan/tanpa dependent clause lain untuk membentuk complex sentence.

Dependent clause diawali dengan:

 subordinate conjunction (contoh: after, since, when, although, because) ketika

digunakan pada adverbial clause,
 relative pronoun (contoh: who, which, whose, whom, that) ketika digunakan pada
adjective clause, atau
 question word, if/weather, atau that ketika digunakan pada noun clause.

apa contoh kalimatnya adalah sebagai berikut.

Contoh DC Contoh IC Contoh Kalimat Complex Sentence

Adverbial Clause

He was cleaning the kitchen when he found a lot of

when he found a lot of expired food.
He was cleaning the
expired (Dia sedang membersihkan dapur ketika dia
kitchen
food menemukan banyak makanan
kadaluarsa.)

Because she had free time during last holiday, she

Because she had free
She rearranged her rearranged her house.
time during
house. (Karena dia mempunyai banyak waktu luang, dia
last holiday
menata ulang rumahnya.)

Adjective Clause
 Tom is a cat which is very faithful.
which is very faithful Tom is a cat.
(Tom adalah kucing yang sangat setia)

It is the car that I has dreamed for many years ago.

that I has dreamed for
It is the car. (Ini mobil yang telah saya impikan selama bertahun-
many years ago.
tahun.)

Noun Clause*

What you ate last night is a tasty cuisine that may

What you ate last What you ate last night contain trans fatty acids.
night is a tasty cuisine (Apa yang kamu makan semalam merupakan
masakan yang mungkin mengandung lemak trans.)

*Pada contoh noun clause, klausa tersebut menggantikan posisi noun (subject) pada
independent clause. Object (a tasty cuisine) pada independent diterangkan oleh adjective
clause (that may contain trans fatty acids).

Complex sentence cenderung lebih efektif daripada compound sentence karena menunjukkan
hubungan yang lebih jelas atau spesifik antar klausa di dalam kalimat tersebut berkat
peran conjuntion, pronoun, question word, dan if.

Posisi Dependent Clause dan Tanda Baca pada Complex Sentence

Adverbial Clause

Adverbial clause dapat berada di awal complex sentence, diikuti oleh independent clause.
Sebaliknya, independent dapat berada di awal complex sentence, diikuti oleh adverbial
clause. Jika berada di awal, diujung klausa ini diberi tanda baca koma.

Contoh Kalimat Complex Sentence:

Di awal Though I’m annoyed, I try to think positively.

I try to think positively though I’m annoyed.

Di akhir
(Saya mencoba berpikir secara positif meskipun saya terganggu.)

Adjective Clause

Saat menerangkan subject, adjective clause berada di tengah complex sentence. Informasi
tambahan tersebut dapat diapit koma ataupun tidak, tergantung pada penting atau tidaknya
informasi tersebut. Informasi tersebut dinilai essential (penting) jika akan mengubah makna
jika dihilangkan. Pada situasi tersebut, koma tidak digunakan.

Contoh Kalimat Complex Sentence:

 Essential People who exercise regularly rarely get sick.

Yulia, who exercises regularly, has a positive body image.

Non-essential
(Yulia, yang melakukan olahraga teratur, mempunyai body image yang posit

1. ntences: Simple, Compound, and Complex.

http://www2.ivcc.edu/rambo/eng1001/sentences.htm. Accessed on September 29, 2012.
2. Types of Sentences: Simple, Compound, Complex,
and Compound-Complex.
http://www.ucmo.edu/ae/writing/documents/TYPESOFSENTENCES.pdf. Accessed on
September 29, 2012.
3. Complex Sentences. http://www.esc.edu/online-writing-center/resources/grammar/ways-
structure-sentences/complex-sentences/. Accessed on September 29, 2012.
4. Sentence Types. http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/573/02/. Accessed on
September 29, 2012.
5. Kinds of Sentences and Their Punctuation. http://www.towson.edu/ows/sentences.htm.
Accessed on September 30, 2012.
6. Syntax – English sentence structure. http://esl.fis.edu/learners/advice/syntax.htm. Accessed
on September 29, 2012.
7. Noun Clauses. http://faculty.deanza.edu/flemingjohn/stories/storyReader$23. Accessed on
September 30, 2012.
8. Adjective Clauses. http://faculty.deanza.edu/flemingjohn/stories/storyReader$20. Accessed
on September 30, 2012.

Semoga bermanfaat dan mohon maaf jika ada kekurangan.

Posted by Wilma Yulia

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