KATA PENGANTAR

Puji syukur kepata Tuhan Yang Maha Esa yang telah memberikan
berkah dan pengetahuan sehingga penulis dapat menyelesaikan Refrat yang
berjudul “iktiosis vulgaris” yang diajukan sebagai persyaratan untuk mengikuti
Kepaniteraan Klinik Senior Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit Kelamin. Terima kasih
penulis ucapkan kepada dokter pembimbing yaitu dr Dinna Devi, M.Ked (DV),
Sp.DV yang telah bersedia membimbing penulis, sehingga Refrat ini dapat
selesai pada waktunya.

Penulis memohon maaf jika dalam penulian laporan kasus ini terdapat
kesalahan, dan penulis memohon kritik dan saran pembaca demi kesempurnaan
Refrat ini. Atas perhatian dan sarannya penulit mengucapkan terima kasih.

Siak, 08 januari 2020

Penulis

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 DAFTAR ISI

HALAMAN JUDUL................................................................................... i
KATA PENGANTAR ................................................................................ ii
DAFTAR ISI ............................................................................................... iii
DAFTAR GAMBAR .................................................................................. iv
DAFTAR TABEL ....................................................................................... v
BAB 1 PENDAHULUAN .......................................................................... 1
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA................................................................. 2
Definisi ........................................................................................................ 2
Epidemiologi ............................................................................................... 4
Etiologi ........................................................................................................ 4
Anatomi Kulit ............................................................................................. 4
Patogenesis Iktiosis ..................................................................................... 10
Patofisiologi Iktiosis Vulgaris ..................................................................... 11
Manifestasi klinis ........................................................................................ 15
Diagnosis ..................................................................................................... 15
Diagnosis Banding ...................................................................................... 18
Penatalaksanaan .......................................................................................... 26
Prognosis ..................................................................................................... 29
BAB III PENUTUP .................................................................................... 30
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ................................................................................. 31

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 DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 1. Struktur kulit. ............................................................................ 9

Gambar 2. Lapisan-lapisan dan apendiks kulit. Diagram lapisan kulit
memperlihatkan scaling hubung dan lokasi apendiks dermal .................... 9
Gambar 3. Lapisan-lapisan epidermis kulit tebal ........................................ 10
Gambar 4. Major components of skin barrier in stratum corneum
consist of intercellular lipid layers, cornified cell envelope and
keratin/filaggrin degradation products ....................................................... 13
Gambar 5. Struktur kulit normal. ................................................................ 13
Gambar 6. Struktur kulit iktiosis vulgaris ................................................... 14
Gambar 7. Ichthyosis vulgaris .................................................................... 14
Gambar 8 Ichthyosis vulgaris: fine, light grey scaling (a),
hyperlinearity of palms in Ichthyosis vulgaris (b) ...................................... 15
Gambar 9. Gambaran histopatologi iktiosis vulgaris .................................. 18
Gambar 10. Recessive X-linked ichthyosis .................................................. 19
Gambar 11. Harlequin ichthyosis. .............................................................. 21
Gambar 12. Collodion baby with aspect of glistering membrane. .............. 21
Gambar 13. Transglutaminase 1-deficient ARCI: dark brown
hyperkeratosis (a), typical aspect on back with lamellar scaling (b) ......... 22
Gambar 14. Bathing suit ichthyosis (BSI) in a 12-year-old boy,
sparing of extremities. ................................................................................. 22
Gambar 15. Congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma. ................................ 23
Gambar 16. Epidermolytic hyperkeratosis. Newborn showing
blistering and erosions ................................................................................ 24
Gambar 17. Epidermolytic hyperkeratosis.. ................................................ 24
Gambar 18. Clinical phenotypes of epidermolytic hyperkeratosis ............. 25
Gambar 19. PS (Severe palm/sole hyperkeratosis) types are shown .......... 26

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 DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 1. Tabel 1. Ichthyoses Organized by Pathophysiology ..................... 3

Tabel 2. Mutated Genes Identified in ARCI. ............................................... 20