BPOM
PP&PQMS
¢ Implementasikan elemen ini :
— PIC/S PE009-13 Point 1.4 i)
A state of control is established and maintained by developing and
using effective monitoring and control systems for process
performance and product quality; --à PP&PQMS
¢ Adalah sistem monitor untuk memastikan keadaan
terkendali/tervalidasi terus dipertahankan
¢ Efektif - memastikan kapabilitas proses dan kendali untuk :
— Selalu menghasilkan produk bermutu sesuai persyaratan
— Mengidentifikasi area untuk perbaikan berkesinambungan
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BPOM
PP&PQMS
Sistem monitor :
¢ Menggunakan QRM untuk mengembangkan strategi
pengendalian control strategy), termasuk antara lain
parameter dan atribut mutu dari :
— Bahan awal obat, eksipien, dan komponen bahan pengemas;
— Kondisi operasional dari fasilitas dan peralatan
— Pengawasan dalam-proses
— Spesifikasi produk jadi dan metoda analisis terkait
— Frekuensi dari monitoring dan pengendaliannya
Strategi pengendalian memfasilitasi :
§ Feedback & feedforward yang cepat
§ CAPA
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QRM EKSIPIEN
¢ Eksipien mempunyai peran kritis pada produksi obat, karena
memfasilitasi proses manufacturing misal sebagai
— anticaking agents
— Melindungi produk, menunjang dan meningkatkan stabilitas
— Meningkatkan bioavailabilitas.
— In addition, excipients help maintain the safety, or function, of the
product during storage and use
¢ Beribu eksipien berbeda ada di pasar, hanya sedikit yang
dibuat khusus untuk pembuatan obat
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QRM EKSIPIEN
¢ Tetapi sampai saat ini belum ada suatu persyaratan CPOB
untuk eksipien. Hanya :
— WHO TRS 885 Aneks 5
— Joint IPEC-PQG : GMP Guide for Pharmaceutical Excipients 2006
— China :
¢ Pharmaceutical GMP for Excipients 2006
¢ Provision on Strengthening Supervision and Administration of
BPOM
PP&PQMS
Sistem monitor hendaklah :
¢ Memerdalam pemahaman produk dan proses serta memungkinkan
pendekatan yang lebih inovatif pada proses validasi.
¢ Menganalisis parameter dan atribut yang dicantumkan pada control strategy
untuk memferifikasi kondisi terkendali dari proses yang dilakukan;
¢ Menyediakan perangkat untuk pengukuran dan analisis semua parameter
dan atribut misal pengelolaan data dan perangkat statistik;
¢ Identifikasi sumber variasi yang dapat berdampak pada kinerja proses dan
mutu produk untuk bisa melakukan perbaikan berkelanjutan untuk
mengurangi atau mengendalikan variasi;
¢ Termasuk informasi tentang mutu produk baik dari sumber internal maupun
eksternal, misal : keluhan, penolakan, non-conformance, recall, deviasi,
hasil audit internal dan temuan audit BPOM.; 6
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PP&PQMS-PENERAPAN LIFECYCLE
Pharmaceutic
Technology Commercial
al Discontinuation
Transfer Manufacturin
Development
Menetapkan
strategi
pengendalian,
berdasar :
• Pemahaman
produk dan proses
• Hasil monitoring
produk dan proses 7
selama
pengembangan
Pharmaceutic
Technology Commercial
al Discontinuation
Transfer Manufacturin
Development
Menetapkan Monitoring
strategi pada scale-up Aplikasikan
pengendalian, dapat sistem
memberi:
berdasar : monitoring
• pengetahuan • indikasi awal
akan produk dan dari kinerja kinerja proses
proses proses dan mutu produk
• Hasil monitoring • Sukses dapat
produk dan integrasi ke yang terstruktur
peroses selama
pengembangan
manufacturing
•Monitoring
dapat
pada scale-up • Memastikan
dan transfer
dapat
kinerja dalam
menambah kondisi terkendali
pengembanga • Mengidenfifikasi
n strategi
pengendalian area untuk
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proses perbaikan
Pharmaceutic
Technology Commercial
al Discontinuation
Transfer Manufacturin
Development
life cycle 11
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Target Profil Mutu Produk
QTPP
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Parameter Proses
Identifikasi Dampak Variasi Terhadap
Paramenter Proses Kritis/CPP CQA (FMEA)
CPP
CQAs/CPPs
Tetapkan Parameter Sumber Variasi
Pengawasan Proses (FMEA)
Control Strategy
Validasi Proses
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PP & PQMS
SUMBER VARIASI – DIAGRAM TULANG IKAN
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VALIDASI PROSES PIC/S PE 009-13
5.22 Process validation protocols should include, but are not limited to the following:
I. A short description of the process and a reference to the respective Master Batch
Record;
II. Functions and responsibilities;
III. Summary of the CQAs to be investigated;
IV. Summary of CPPs and their associated limits;
V. Summary of other (non-critical) attributes and parameters which will be investigated
or monitored during the validation activity, and the reasons for their inclusion;
VI. List of the equipment/facilities to be used (including measuring/ monitoring/recording
equipment) together with the calibration status;
VII. List of analytical methods and method validation, as appropriate;
VIII. Proposed in-process controls with acceptance criteria and the reason(s) why each in-
process control is selected;
IX. Additional testing to be carried out, with acceptance criteria;
X. Sampling plan and the rationale behind it;
XI. Methods for recording and evaluating results; 14
Identify the
CQAs
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SPESIFIKASI TABLET
Bobot rata2
Keseragaman bobot
Identifikasi
Mana CQA?
Kekerasan Mengapa?
Ketebalan
Diameter
Waktu hancur
Kecepatan disolusi
Kemurnian/degradasi
Kadar
Batas mikroba
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ANALISIS RISIKO
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PENETAPAN CQAS
CONTOH PENGEMBANGAN TABLET ACETRIPTAN
Quality
Attribute Target CQA? Justification
of the DP
Identificati Positive for Yes* Though identification is critical for safety and efficacy,
on acetriptan this CQA can be effectively controlled by the quality
management system and will be monitored at drug
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product release. Formulation and process variables do
not impact identity. Therefore, this CQA will not be
discussed during formulation and process
development
Assay 100% w/w of label Yes Assay variability will affect safety and efficacy. Process
claim variables may affect the assay of the drug product.
Thus, assay will be evaluated throughout product and
process development.
Content Conforms to USP Yes Variability in content uniformity will affect safety and
Uniformity <905> Uniformity of efficacy. Both formulation and process variables
(CU) Dosage Units impact content uniformity, so this CQA will be
evaluated throughout product and process
development.
Dissolution NLT 80% at 30 Yes Failure to meet the dissolution specification can
minutes in 900 mL impact bioavailability. Both formulation and process
of 0.1 N HCl with variables affect the dissolution profile. This CQA will 18
1.0% w/v SLS using be investigated throughout formulation and process
USP apparatus 2 at development.
75 rpm
PENETAPAN CQAS
CONTOH PENGEMBANGAN TABLET ACETRIPTAN
Quality
Attribute Target CQA? Justification
of the DP
Degradati ACE12345: Yes Degradation products can impact safety and must be controlled
on NMT 0.5%, based on compendial/ICH requirements or RLD characterization
Products Any to limit patient exposure. ACE12345 is a common degradant of
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unknown acetriptan and its target is based on the level found in near
impurity: expiry RLD product. The limit for total impurities is also based on
NMT 0.2%, RLD analysis. The target for any unknown impurity is set
Total according to the ICH identification threshold for this drug
impurities: product. Formulation and process variables can impact
NMT 1.0% degradation products. Therefore, degradation products will be
assessed during product and process development.
Residual USP <467> Yes* Residual solvents can impact safety. However, no solvent is used
Solvents option 1 in the drug product manufacturing process and the drug product
complies with USP <467> Option 1. Therefore, formulation and
process variables are unlikely to impact this CQA.
Water NMT 4.0% No Generally, water content may affect degradation and microbial
Content w/w growth of the drug product and can be a potential CQA.
However, in this case, acetriptan is not sensitive to hydrolysis
and moisture will not impact stability.
Microbial Meets Yes* Non-compliance with microbial limits will impact patient safety.
Limits relevant However, in this case, the risk of microbial growth is very low 19
pharmacopo because roller compaction (dry granulation) is utilized for this
eia criteria product. Therefore, this CQA will not be discussed in detail
during formulation and process development.
PENGEMBANGAN PROSES
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CPP = CRITICAL PROCESS PARAMETER
¢ = Parameter Proses
Kritis = suatu
parameter proses
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yang variabilitasnya
memengaruhi CQA,
oleh sebab itu harus
dipantau atau
dikendalikan untuk
memastikan proses
akan menghasilkan
produk dengan
mutu yang sudah
ditentukanprocess
produces the
desired quality”.
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CONTROL STRATEGY
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CONTROL STRATEGY
¢ Dikembangkan selama pengembangan produk, dimodifikasi
saat transfer teknologi dan dikonfirmasi salama validasi
proses, terus diperbaiki selama Produksi skala komersial.
¢ Pertimbangan terpenting adalah :
— Atribut kritis dari produk
— Parameter proses dan atribut material yang memengaruhi atibut
kritis produk
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PRODUK SEEDIAAN PADAT Contoh
Moisture
Drug substance
content in Blending Lubrication Compression Packaging
particle size
manufacture
In vivo
performance
Dissolution
Assay
Degradation
Content
uniformity
Appearance
Friability
Stability
chemical
Stability 25
physical
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DISSOLUTION : STRATEGI PENGENDALIAN
CONTOH ANTARA LAIN
BPOM
¢ Pengendalian tahap kristalisasi ( didapat dari DMF)
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IMPLEMENTASI PP&PQMS
Persiapan :
Kembangkan CQA dari pengertian yang didapat dari
Pengembangan Proses, Transfer teknologi dan Proses
Validasi
— Langkah 1 : kaji tingkat kekritisan dari atribut mutu
— Langkah 2 : kaji parameter kendali untuk mesin&peralatan,
fasilitas, kondisi operasional, bahan awal yang digunakan dan
produk akhir
— Kaji dampak variasi proses terhadap atribut mutu
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IMPLEMENTASI PP&PQMS (TIAP PRODUK)
Persiapan
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IMPLEMENTASI PP&PQMS - PERANGKAT
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PERANGKAT STATISTIK
Antara lain :
¢ Simple descriptive statistics
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SIMPLE DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS
¢ Biasa disebut control chart
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SIMPLE DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS
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Time series
Histogram
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PROCESS CAPABILITY
¢ Tujuan PP&PQMS adalah memastikan bawa kinerja proses
dan mutu produk selalu terkendali
¢ Melalui pengukuran stabilitas proses dan kapabilitas proses
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MATRIKS PROSES STABIL DAN PROSES KAPABEL
Stabil
Tidak Stabil
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KAPABEL VS TIDAK KAPABEL
PP&PQ
bagus
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CP DAN CPK VS. PP DAN PPK
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CP, CPK VS. PP, PPK
Overall Capability Observed Performance Exp. "Within" Performance Exp. "Overall" Performance
Pp 1.07 PPM < LSL 10000.00 PPM < LSL 3621.06 PPM < LSL 6328.16
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PPU 1.32 PPM > USL 0.00 PPM > USL 10.51 PPM > USL 39.19
PPL 0.83 PPM Total 10000.00 PPM Total 3631.57 PPM Total 6367.35
Ppk 0.83
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TUJUAN UTAMA PP&PQMS
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