Lapisan 2
P = 27.5 ton = 27500 Kg
L = 5.2 m
ɣ = 1610 Kg/m3
ɣsat = 2074 Kg/m3
c = 17000 Kg/m2
φ = 25 °
µ =
E =
LL = 64.5 %
e0 = 0.45
B. Rencanakan Dimensi (B) dan Kedalaman Pondasi (Df) dengan bentuk Pondasi LINGKARAN
Diasumsikan :
Faktor Keamanan (Fs) = 3
Kedalaman Pondasi (Df) = 1 m
Dengan menggunakan teori keruntuhan geser umum, dari tabel 3.2 faktor kapasitas
dukung tanah Terzaghi (hal. 139)
Sudut Gesek, ɸ = 25°
Nc = 25.13
Nq = 12.72
Nɣ = 8.34
Ꙩ Menghitung qytd terhadap beban yang bekerja
P 27500 27500
qytd = = = Pers 1
A 1/4.π.B2 1/4.π.B2
Ꙩ Kontrol Nilai Fs
qult
Fs =
qytd
316255.8349
=
105418.6115
= 3.00 OK
D2 = Df - Dw
= 1 - 0.4
= 0.6 m
Ꙩ ɣ' = ɣsat - ɣw
= 2010 - 1000
= 1010 Kg/m3
Ꙩ Kontrol Nilai Fs
qu
Fs =
qytd
576142.84
=
192047.61
= 3.00 OK
Ꙩ Dw = Df = 1
Ꙩ Kontrol Nilai Fs
qult
Fs =
qytd
315449.998
=
105149.999
= 3.00 OK
Ꙩ ɣ' = ɣsat - ɣw
= 2010 - 1000
= 1010 Kg/m 3
d
= ɣ' + ( ɣ - ɣ' )
B
1.300
= 1010 + ( 1570.00 - 1010 )
B
728.00
= 1010 +
B
qult = 1,3.C.Nc + q.Nq + 0,3. .B.Nɣ
= 294021 + 19970.4 + 4348.476 B
= 313991.4 + 4348.476 B Pers 5
Ꙩ Kontrol Nilai Fs
qult
Fs =
qytd
316497.188
=
105499
= 3.00 OK
D. Hitung Besarnya Penurunan Yang Terjadi
Diketahui :
Lapisan 1
P = 27.5 ton = 27500 Kg
L = 3.6 m
ɣ = 1570 Kg/m3
ɣsat = 2010 Kg/m3
C = 9000 Kg/m2
φ = 25 °
µ = 0.5
E = 45000 Kpa = 4588722.9 Kg/m2
LL = 0 %
e0 = 0.65
B = 0.5772
IP = 0.88 (Lingkaran)
Lapisan 2
P = 27.5 ton = 27500 Kg
L = 5.2 m
ɣ = 1610 Kg/m3
ɣsat = 2074 Kg/m3
c = 17000 Kg/m2
φ = 22.5 °
µ = 0.5
E = 35000 Kpa = 3569006.7 Kg/m2
LL = 64.5 %
e0 = 0.45
a. Penurunan Segera
Dalam Perhitungan Penurunan Segera / yang ditinjau padanlapisan 1, dimana
pondasi tepat / dasarnya bertumpu
Ꙩ Lapisan 1
q.B
Se = ( 1 - μ2 ) Ip
E
P 27500
q0 = = = 82542.7493
B2 0.333
maka,
q0 . B
Se1 = ( 1 - μ12 ) Ip
E1
82542.75 x 0.5772
= ( 1 - 0.25 ) 0.88
4588722.9
= 0.0068526 m
= 0.6853 cm
Ꙩ Lapisan 2
qoverbunden = Df x ɣ1 + ɣ1' ( L1 - Df )
= 1.00 x 1570 + 1010 x 2.6
= 4196 Kg/m2
maka,
q02 . B
Se2 = ( 1 - μ22 ) Ip
E2
78346.75 x 0.5772
= ( 1 - 0.25 ) 0.88
3569006.7
= 0.0083627 m
= 0.8363 cm
b. Penurunan Konsolidasi
Diketahui :
Lapisan 1 (Lempung)
ɣsat = 2300 Kg/m3
LL = 90 %
e0 = 0.72
Lapisan 2 (Lempung)
ɣsat = 2069 Kg/m3
LL = 90 %
e0 = 0.60
1) Hitung tekanan overburden efektif rata rata (po) pada lapisan lempung
P01 = Df . Ɣ1 + 1/2 . H . Ɣ1'
= 1570 + 1690
= 3260 Kg/m2
Po
∆Pt =
( B + Zt1 )2
3260
=
( 0.5772 + 0 )2
= 9785.0677 Kg/m2
Po
∆Pb =
( B + Zb1 )2
3260
=
( 0.5772 + 2.6 )2
= 322.945 Kg/m2
Cc . H P0 + ΔP
Sc1 = x log ( )
1 + e01 P0
1.872 5561.4127
= x log ( )
1.72 3260
= 0.252467 m
1) Hitung tekanan overburden efektif rata rata (po) pada lapisan lempung
P02 = Df . Ɣ1 + H . Ɣ1' + 1/2 . L2 . Ɣ2'
= 1570 + 3380 + 2779.4
= 7729.4 Kg/m2
Po
∆Pt =
( B + Zt2 )2
7729.4
=
( 0.5772 + 2.6 )2
= 765.69616 Kg/m2
Po
∆Pm =
( B + Zm2 )2
7729.4
=
( 0.5772 + 5.2 )2
= 231.58523 Kg/m2
Po
∆Pb =
( B + Zb2 )2
7729.4
=
( 0.5772 + 7.8 )2
= 110.141 Kg/m2
Cc . L2 P0 + ΔP
Sc2 = x log ( )
1 + e02 P0
3.744 8029.763
= x log ( )
1.60 7729.4
= 0.0387432 m
Lapisan 2 (Lempung)
ɣsat = 2074 Kg/m3
LL = 64.5 %
e0 = 0.45
1) Hitung tekanan overburden efektif rata rata (po) pada lapisan lempung
P01 = Df . Ɣ1 + 1/2 . H . Ɣ1'
= 1570 + 1313
= 2883 Kg/m2
1
∆Pt = q ( )
( (B/z) 2
+ 1 )3/2
1
= 82542.7493 ( )
((1,3050/0)2 + 1)3/2
= 82542.7493
1
∆Pb = q ( )
( (B/z)2 + 1 )3/2
1
= 82542.7493 ( )
((1,3050/3,5)2+1)3/2
= 14641.07164
Cc . H P0 + ΔP
Sc1 = x log ( )
1 + e01 P0
0.0234 45759.9
= x log ( )
1.65 2883
= 0.017027269 m
1
∆Pt = q ( )
( (B/z) 2
+ 1 )3/2
1
= 82542.7493 ( )
((1,3050/3,5)2 + 1)3/2
= 14641.0716
1
∆Pm = q ( )
( (B/z) 2
+ 1 )3/2
1
= 82542.7493 ( )
((1,3050/5,75)2 + 1)3/2
= 5990.2673
1
∆Pm = q ( )
( (B/z) 2
+ 1 )3/2
1
= 82542.7493 ( )
((1,3050/8)2 + 1)3/2
= 3188.3802
Sehingga tambahan tegangan rata rata (Cara Simpson) :
∆P = ∆Pt + 4 ∆Pm + ∆Pb
6
= 14641.0716 + 23961.1 + 3188.38
6
= 6965.086842 Kg/m2
Cc . H P0 + ΔP
Sc2 = x log ( )
1 + e02 P0
1.2753 13953.5
= x log ( )
1.45 6988.4
= 0.264123418 m
A. Data-Data Perencanaan
Lapisan 1
P = 27.5 ton = 27500 Kg
L1 = 4.5 m
ɣ1 = 1540 Kg/m3
ɣsat1 = 2020 Kg/m3
C1 = 5000 Kg/m2
ɸ = 0 °
Lapisan 2
P = 27.5 ton = 27500 Kg
L2 = 5.4 m
ɣ2 = 1610 Kg/m3
ɣsat2 = 2045 Kg/m3
C2 = 0 Kg/m2
ɸ = 38.5 °
Diasumsikan :
Dimensi Pondasi (B) = 1 m
Panjang Pondasi (L) = 1.2 m
Kedalaman Pondasi (Df) = 1 m
Faktor Keamanan (Fs) = 3
H = L1 - Df
= 4.5 - 1
= 3.5
Ꙩ Faktor Bentuk
Fqs(1) = 1 + (B/L) x tan ɸ1
= 1 + 0.833333 x Tan 33°
= 1.540833
C. Hitung Dukung Batas dan Daya Dukung Ijin Pada Kondisi Tanah Berlapis
Ꙩ Menghitung nilai qt
qt = ɣ1 Df Nq(1) Fqs(1) + 1/2 ɣ1 B Nɣ(1) Fɣs(1)
= 61908.53 + 13433.93
= 75342.46
Ꙩ Menghitung nilai qu
qu = ( 1 + 0,2 B/L)5,14 C2 + ɣ1H2(1+B/L)(1+2Df/H)(Ks tan ɸ1/B) + ɣ1Df
= 0 + 141090.4 + 1540
= 142630.4
Syarat qu ≥ qt
142630.4 ≥ 75342.46 OK
DIKETAHUI :
LAPISAN 1 LAPISAN 2
P = 27500 Kg P = 27500 Kg
L = 4.5 m L = 5.4 m
γ = 1540 Kg/m3 γ = 1610 Kg/m3
γsat = 2020 Kg/m3 γsat = 2045 Kg/m3
C = 5000 Kg/m2 C = 0 Kg/m2
φ = 0 φ = 38.5
φ = 0 φ = 38.5
Nc = 5.14 Nc = 61.4
Nq = 1 Nq = 48.9
Ny = 0 Ny = 64.1
Merencanakan Dimensi (B) dan Kedalaman pondasi (Df) dengan bentuk pondasi empat persegi
B = 1.5 m H = L1 - Df
L = 3 m = 1.5 m
Df = 3 m
Fs = 3
q2 C'2 Nc + 1/2 γ2 B Nγ
=
q1 C'1 Nc + 1/2 γ1 B Nγ
= 77364.53
= 3.0 ≥ 1
25700.00
Menghitung dukung batas dan daya dukung ijin pada pondasi kondisi tanah berlapis
H 2
qu = qt + ( qb - qt ) ( ) ≥ qt
D
Perhitungan Fqs , Fys, Fcs
Lapisan 1
B B Nq
Fqs = 1 + tan φ1' Fcs = 1 + Fys = 1 - 0.4
L L Nc
1.5 1.5 1
= 1 + tan 0 = 1 + = 1 - 0.4
3 3 5.14
Lapisan 2
B B Nq
Fqs = 1 + tan φ2' Fcs = 1 + Fys = 1 - 0.4
L L Nc
1.5 1.5 49
= 1 + tan 38.5 = 1 + = 1 - 0.4
3 3 61
Dimana
H 2
qu = qt + ( qb - qt ) ( ) ≥ qt
D
1.5 2
= + ( - ) ( ) ≥
32820.00 392216.96 32820.00 1.5 32820.0
= + ( ) ≥
32820.00 359396.9607572 32820.00
= ≥
392216.96 32820.00 oke!!!
Syarat qu ≥ qt
392216.96 ≥ 32820.00 OK!
qult = qijin x A
= 130738.987 x 4.500
= 588325.441
Kontrol qult ≥ P
588325.441 ≥ 27500 OK!
Kontrol Fs
qu 392216.96
Fs = = = 3.00 OK!
qijin 130738.987
B
L
1.5
3
0.2
B
L
1.5
3
0.2