Persamaan Matriks
Persamaan matriks sama seperti persamaan polinom (dalam bentuk
aljabar), asalkan persyaratan perkalian matriks terpenuhi.
a) 𝐴. 𝑀 = 𝐵 b) 𝑁. 𝐴 = 𝐵
𝐴−1 . 𝐴. 𝑀 = 𝐴−1 . 𝐵 𝑁. 𝐴. 𝐴−1 = 𝐵. 𝐴−1
𝐼. 𝑀 = 𝐴−1 . 𝐵 𝑁. 𝐼 = 𝐵. 𝐴−1
𝑀 = 𝐴−1 . 𝐵 𝑁 = 𝐵. 𝐴−1
7 −3 4 2 4 2 7 −3
= =
−2 1 1 3 1 3 −2 1
25 5 24 −10
𝑀= 𝑁=
−7 −1 1 0
Presentation by Suzana Aulia
Penyelesaian SPLTV
Presentation by Suzana Aulia
𝒂𝒙 + 𝒃𝒚 = 𝒄
SPLDV :
𝒑𝒙 + 𝒒𝒚 = 𝒓
𝑎 𝑏 𝑥 𝑐
diubah menjadi bentuk matriks 𝑦 = .
𝑝 𝑞 𝑟
𝐷𝑥 𝐷𝑦
Penyelesaiannya ditentukan dengan 𝑥 = dan 𝑦 =
𝐷 𝐷
dengan 𝐷 ≠ 0.
Presentation by Suzana Aulia
2 1 𝑥 4
=
1 1 𝑦 6
2 1
𝐷= = 2 1 − 1 1 =1
1 1
4 1
𝐷𝑥 = = 4 1 − 1 6 = −2
6 1
2 4
𝐷𝑦 = = 2 6 − 4 1 =8
1 6
𝐷𝑥 −2 𝐷𝑦 8
Jadi, nilai 𝑥 = = = −2 dan 𝑦 = = = 8
𝐷 1 𝐷 1
Presentation by Suzana Aulia
𝟑𝒙 + 𝟐𝒚 = 𝟖
Tentukan penyelesaian SPLDV :
𝒙 − 𝟑𝒚 = 𝟏𝟎
dengan metode determinan.
Presentation by Suzana Aulia
3 2
𝐷= = 3 −3 − 2 1 = −11
1 −3
8 2
𝐷𝑥 = = 8 −3 − 2 10 = −44
10 −3
3 8
𝐷𝑦 = = 3 10 − 8 1 = 22
1 10
𝐷𝑥 −44 𝐷𝑦 22
Jadi, nilai 𝑥 = = =4 dan 𝑦 = = = −2
𝐷 −11 𝐷 −11
Presentation by Suzana Aulia
𝒂𝒙 + 𝒃𝒚 = 𝒄
SPLDV :
𝒑𝒙 + 𝒒𝒚 = 𝒓
𝑎 𝑏 𝑥 𝑐
diubah menjadi bentuk matriks 𝑦 = .
𝑝 𝑞 𝑟
Penyelesaiannya ditentukan dengan:
𝑥 𝑎 𝑏 −1 𝑐
𝑦 = 𝑝 𝑞 𝑟
𝑥 1 𝑞 −𝑏 𝑐
𝑦 = 𝑎𝑞 − 𝑏𝑝 −𝑝 𝑎 𝑟
Presentation by Suzana Aulia
-CONTOH SPLDV Metode Invers-
𝟔𝒙 + 𝟐𝒚 = 𝟑
Tentukan penyelesaian SPLDV :
𝟖𝒙 + 𝟑𝒚 = 𝟏
dengan invers matriks.
Jawab :
Ingat persamaan matriks!
6 2 𝑥 3 1. 𝐴. 𝑋 = 𝐵 → 𝑿 = 𝑨−𝟏 . 𝑩
= →
8 3 𝑦 1 𝐴. 𝑋 = 𝐵 2. X. 𝐴 = 𝐵 → 𝑿 = 𝑩. 𝑨−𝟏
A X B
𝑥 6 2 −1
3
𝑦 = 8 3 1
→ 𝑿 = 𝑨−𝟏 . 𝑩
X 𝐀−𝟏 B
Presentation by Suzana Aulia
𝑦 = → 𝐴. 𝑋 = 𝐵 2. X. 𝐴 = 𝐵 → 𝑿 = 𝑩. 𝑨
8 3 1
𝑥 6 2 −1 3
𝑦 = → 𝑿 = 𝑨−𝟏 . 𝑩
8 3 1
1 3 −2 3 1 9 + (−2)
= =
2 −8 6 1 2 −24 + 6
7
1 7
= = 2
2 −18 −9
7
Jadi, nilai 𝑥 = dan 𝑦 = −9
2
Presentation by Suzana Aulia
𝟑𝒙 + 𝟐𝒚 = 𝟒
Tentukan penyelesaian SPLDV :
𝟕𝒙 + 𝟓𝒚 = 𝟗
dengan metode invers.
Pembahasan Metode Invers Presentation by Suzana Aulia
3 2 𝑥 4
𝑦 =
7 5 9
Ingat persamaan matriks!
A X B 1. 𝐴. 𝑋 = 𝐵 → 𝑿 = 𝑨−𝟏 . 𝑩
2. X. 𝐴 = 𝐵 → 𝑿 = 𝑩. 𝑨−𝟏
𝑥 3 2 −1
4
𝑦 = 7 5 9
X A−1 B
1 5 −2 4 1 20 + (−18) 2
= = =
1 −7 3 9 1 −28 + 27 −1
𝒂𝟏 𝒙 + 𝒃𝟏 𝒚 + 𝒄𝟏 𝒛 = 𝒅𝟏
SPLDV : 𝒂𝟐 𝒙 + 𝒃𝟐 𝒚 + 𝒄𝟐 𝒛 = 𝒅𝟐
𝒂𝟑 𝒙 + 𝒃𝟑 𝒚 + 𝒄𝟑 𝒛 = 𝒅𝟑
𝒙−𝒚+𝒛=𝟑
𝒙 + 𝟐𝒚 + 𝟑𝒛 = 𝟐𝟎
𝒙 + 𝟑𝒚 − 𝟒𝒛 = −𝟑
?????
Presentation by Suzana Aulia
1 −1 1
𝐷= 1 2 3 = −8 − 6 + 3 − 4 − 9 − 4 = −28
2 3 −4
3 −1 1
𝐷𝑥 = 20 2 3 = −24 + 9 + 60 + 6 − 27 − 80 = −56
−3 3 −4
1 3 1
𝐷𝑦 = 1 20 3 = −80 + 18 − 3 − 40 + 9 + 12 = −84
2 −3 −4
1 −1 3
𝐷𝑦 = 1 2 20 = −6 − 40 + 9 − 12 − 60 − 3 = −112
2 3 −3