BAB I

PERENCANAAN JEMBATAN KOMPOSIT

1.1 DATA PERENCANAAN

1 Kelas Jembatan : 70% Muatan
2 Lebar Perkerasan : 11 Meter
3 Bentang Jembatan : 12 Meter
4 Trotoar : 1.35 Meter
5 Jarak Gelagar Memanjang : 1.5 Meter
6 Gaya Angin : 130 Meter
7 Shear Connector : Paku/Baut
8 Jenis Baja : 1900 Kg/cm2
9 Lokasi : Baubau
10 Voute Composite : Tidak Ada
11 Tebal Slab Minimum : 15 Cm digunakan : 20 Cm
12 Tebal Aspal Perkerasan Minimum : 8 Cm digunakan : 10 Cm
13 Mutu Baja Tulangan Minimum : U24
14 Mutu Beton : k225
15 Dasar Perencanaan : PPPJJR 1987, PBI 1971, PPI 1983, SNI 03-1729-2002
dan SNI 03 -1729 - 2002

1.2 HITUNGAN BETON DAN BAJA (PEMBEBANAN TETAP)

1 Beton K225
σ bk = 225 Kg/cm2
σb = 0.33 . σ bk
= 0.33 . 225
= 74.3 Kg/cm2

n = Eb / Ec
= 2080 / 74.3
= 28 digunakan n = 28

2 Baja U24
σa = 1400 Kg/cm2
σ au = 2080 Kg/cm2

σb
ξ =
σb + ( σa / n )
= 74.25
74.25 + ( 1400 / 28 )
= 0.5976

1
α =
0.5 . ξ . σb ( 1- ξ / 3)

= 1
0.5 . 0.597586 . 74.3 ( 1- 0.597586 / 3)

= 0.2372

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1.3 PERENCANAAN GELAGAR
1 Lebar Perkerasan : 11 Meter
2 Lebar Trotoar : 1.35 Meter
3 Jarak Gelagar Memanjang (s) : 1.5 Meter
TL

Overstek (a) dimisalkan

selebar = 1.5 Meter
TL = 13.7 Meter

a b a

TL = b + 2.a
= b + 2. 1.5
= b + 3
b = TL - 3
= 13.7 - 3
= 10.7

b = n . s
n = b / s
= 10.7 / 1.5
= 7.13333 digunakan n = 7 buah

b = n . s
= 7 . 1.5
= 10.5 m

TL = b + 2.a
2.a = TL - b
a = (TL - b)/2
= ( 13.7 - 10.5 )/ 2
= 1.6 m

Dimensi yang digunakan :

s = 1.5 m
n = 7 buah
a = 1.6 m

135 1100 135

160 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 160

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1.4 PERHITUNGAN BEBAN PADA LANTAI
1.4.1 LANTAI KENDARAAN BENTANG TENGAH
1 Berat Jenis Beton = 2.4 t/m'
2 Berat Jenis Aspal = 2.2 t/m'
3 Beban T = 70% P = 7 ton

A. Beban Mati Yang Didukung

- Beban Lapis Keras/Aspal : 0.1 . 1. 2.2 = 0.22 t/m'
- Beban Air Hujan : 0.05 . 1. 1 = 0.05 t/m'
- Beban Slab Beton : 0.2 . 1. 2.4 = 0.48 t/m'
- Beban Voute Composite (ditaksir) = 0 t/m'
qD = 0.75 t/m'

B. Beban Hidup Yang Didukung

- Rencana Muatan PPPJJR 1987 P = 70% = 7 Ton
P = 7 ton

a = 45°
2010

a
20 30 20 20 50 20

70 cm 90 cm
a b

P = 7 ton
q

150 cm
S = Lx

Menurut PBI '71 halaman 207, lebar lantai kerja (L) yang menahan beban terpusat dapat dihitung dengan rumus :

Sa = 3 / 4 . a + 3 / 4 . r . Lx

untuk :
Ly > 3. r . Lx
12 > 3. 1. 1.5
12 > 4.5

Dimana :
a : 70 cm
b : 90 cm
r : 1 (Plat yang terletak bebas pada tumpuannya)
Lx : 1.5 = 150 cm

Sa = 3 / 4. 70 + 3 / 4. 1. 150
= 165 cm

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 Jadi Lebar Lantai Kerja (L) = 150 cm (diambil yang terkecil antara Lx dan Sa)

Digunakan Lx = 150 cm

Mmax (Bentang) = ( 1 . P . Lx ) + ( 1 . qD . Lx 2 ) - ( 1 . 1 . P . b )
4 8 4 2

= ( 1. 7. 1.5 ) + ( 1 . 0.75 . 1.5 2 ) - ( 1 . 1. 7. 0.9 )

4 8 4 2
= 2.0484 tm = 204840 kg cm

5
Mmin (Tumpuan) = (( 1. P . Lx
) - (
1 . 1 . P . b
)) + (
1 . qD . Lx 2
)
6 4 4 2 10
5
= (( 1. 7. 1.5 ) - ( 1 . 1 . 7. 0.9
)) + (
1 . 0.75 . 1.5 2 )
6 4 4 2 10
= 1.7 tm = 170000 kg cm

C. Penulangan
Penulangan Lantai Kerja Bentang Tengah
- Penulangan Momen Positif

Mmax (Bentang) = 204840 kg cm

α = 0.2372
b = 100 cm
hmin = 15 cm
ht = 20 cm
d = 2.5 cm
h = 20 - 2.5
= 17.5 cm

ho = α M
b
= 0.2372 204840
100
= 10.7355 cm ho = 10.7355 cm < hmin = 15 cm
(digunakan tulangan tunggal)

h
α hit =
Mmax
b

17.5
=
204840
100
= 0.3867 α < α hit
0.2372 < 0.3867
Trial Mencari ξ

σ' b σa 1 1
ξ = α =
Kg / cm2 n . σ' b 1 + ( σ a / n. σ' b) 1/2 . σ'b . ξ . (1 - ξ/3)

35.5 1.4085 0.4152 0.3968

35.75 1.3986 0.4169 0.3948

36 1.3889 0.4186 0.3927

36.76 1.3602 0.4237 0.3867

Tugas Baja II 2013 I-4

 Dari tabel Trial diperoleh :
σ' b = 36.76 Kg / cm2
ξ = 0.4237
α = 0.3867 = α hit

1
β =
σ a . α . (1 - ξ/3)
1
=
1400 . 0.3867 . ( 1- 0.4237 / 3)
= 0.0022

ω = β / α
= 0.002150912 / 0.3867
= 0.0056

A' = ω . b . h
= 0.0056 . 100 . 17.5
= 9.7339 cm2

Dicoba tulangan pokok Ø : 14 mm = 1.4 cm

S = 1 / 4. π . d 2 . b
A'
= 1 / 4. 3.14 . 1.4 2 . 100
9.7339
= 15.806614 cm ≈ 15 cm

Dicoba tulangan bagi Ø : 8 mm = 0.8 cm

S = 1 / 4. π . d 2 . b
20% . A'

= 1 / 4. 3.14 . 0.8 2 . 100

1.9468
= 25.80671673 cm ≈ 14 cm

Ü Digunakan Tulangan Pokok Ø 14 - 15

1 / 4. π . d 2 . b
Ap =
S perlu
= 1 / 4. 3.14 . 1.4 2 . 100
15
= 10.25733333 cm2 A' < Ap
9.7339 < 10.257333333

Ü Digunakan Tulangan Bagi Ø 8 - 14

1 / 4. π . d 2 . b
Ab =
S perlu
= 1 / 4. 3.14 . 0.8 2 . 100
14
= 3.588571429 cm2 20% .A' < Ab
1.9468 < 3.58857143

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 Mmin (tumpuan) = 170000 kg cm
α = 0.2372
b = 100 cm
hmin = 15 cm
ht = 20 cm
d = 2.5 cm
h = 20 - 2.5
= 17.5 cm

ho = α M
b
= 0.2372 170000
100
= 9.78 cm ho = 9.78 cm < hmin = 15 cm
(digunakan tulangan tunggal)
h
α hit =
Mmax
b

17.5
=
170000
100
= 0.4244 α < α hit
0.2372 < 0.4244
Trial Mencari ξ

σ' b σa 1 1
ξ = α =
Kg / cm2 n . σ' b 1 + ( σ a / n. σ' b) 1/2 . σ'b . ξ . (1 - ξ/3)

34 1.4706 0.4048 0.4099

33.5 1.4925 0.4012 0.4145

33 1.5152 0.3976 0.4192

32.47 1.5399 0.3937 0.4244

Dari tabel Trial diperoleh :

σ' b = 32.47 Kg / cm2
ξ = 0.3937
α = 0.4244 = α hit

1
β =
σ a . α . (1 - ξ/3)
1
=
1400 . 0.4244 . ( 1- 0.3937 / 3)
= 0.0019

ω = β / α
= 0.0019 / 0.4244
= 0.0046

A' = ω . b . h
= 0.0046 . 100 . 17.5
= 7.9883 cm2

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 Dicoba tulangan pokok Ø : 14 mm = 1.4 cm

S = 1 / 4. π . d 2 . b
A'
= 1 / 4. 3.14 . 1.4 2 . 100
7.9883
= 19.26066873 cm ≈ 19 cm

Dicoba tulangan bagi Ø : 8 mm = 0.8 cm

1 / 4. π . d 2 . b
S =
20% . A'

= 1 / 4. 3.14 . 0.8 2 . 100

1.5977
= 31.44598976 cm ≈ 31 cm

Ü Digunakan Tulangan Pokok Ø 14 - 19

1 / 4. π . d 2 . b
Ap =
S perlu
= 1 / 4. 3.14 . 1.4 2 . 100
19
= 8.097894737 cm2 A' < Ap
7.9883 < 8.0978947368

Ü Digunakan Tulangan Bagi Ø 8 - 31

Ab = 1 / 4. π . d 2 . b
S perlu
= 1 / 4. 3.14 . 0.8 2 . 100
31
= 1.620645161 cm2 20% .A' < Ab
1.5977 < 1.62064516

1.4.2 LANTAI SANDARAN BENTANG TEPI

Beban terpusat akibat berat tiang sandaran dan berat pipa sandaran dirataka memanjang
P ditaksir 0,1 Ton (estimasi hit = 0.05 tm - 0.1 tm )

135

16/16
64

16/25
145

Tegel + Spasi = 5 cm
20 25 36

Kerb 15/25
Aspal 10 cm
Slab 20 cm

Kerb tepi 15/25

160 150

Struktur sebagai overstek beban-beban terpusat diratakan beban merata ( q )

- Beban Slab Beton : 0.2 . 1. 2.4 = 0.4800 t/m'
- Beban Kerb : 2. 0.15 . 0.25 . 1/ 1.6 . 2.4 = 0.1125 t/m'
- Beban Pasir : 0.25 . 1. 1.05 . 1/ 1.6 . 1.8 = 0.2953 t/m'
- Beban Tegel : 0.05 . 1. 1.35 . 1/ 1.6 . 2.4 = 0.1013 t/m'
- Beban Hidup : (estimasi) = 0.5000 t/m'
q = 1.4891 t/m'

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 Beban titik (akibat sandaran) P = 0,1 Ton pada ujung overstek

Mmax = 1 / 2. q . L 2 + P . L P = 0,1 ton

q
= 1 / 2. 1.4891 . 1.6 2 + 0.1 . 1.6
= 2.066 tm
= 206600 Kg cm
160
α = 0.2372
b = 100 cm
hmin = 15 cm
ht = 20 cm
d = 2.5 cm
h = 20 - 2.5
= 17.5 cm

ho = α M
b
= 0.2372 206600
100
= 10.7815 cm ho = 10.7815 cm < hmin = 15 cm
(digunakan tulangan tunggal)
h
α hit =
Mmax
b

17.5
=
206600
100
= 0.3850 α < α hit
0.2372 < 0.3850
Trial Mencari ξ

σ' b σa 1 1
ξ = α =
Kg / cm2 n . σ' b 1 + ( σ a / n. σ' b) 1/2 . σ'b . ξ . (1 - ξ/3)

35.5 1.4085 0.4152 0.3968

36 1.3889 0.4186 0.3927

36.5 1.3699 0.422 0.3887

36.98 1.3521 0.4252 0.3850

Dari tabel Trial diperoleh :

σ' b = 36.98 Kg / cm2
ξ = 0.4252
α = 0.385 = α hit

1
β =
σ a . α . (1 - ξ/3)
1
=
1400 . 0.3850 . ( 1- 0.4252 / 3)
= 0.0022

ω = β / α
= 0.0022 / 0.3850
= 0.0056

A' = ω . b . h
= 0.0056 . 100 . 17.5
= 9.8258 cm2

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 Dicoba tulangan pokok Ø : 14 mm = 1.4 cm

S = 1 / 4. π . d 2 . b
A'
= 1 / 4. 3.14 . 1.4 2 . 100
9.8258
= 15.6587759 cm ≈ 15 cm

Dicoba tulangan bagi Ø : 8 mm = 0.8 cm

S = 1 / 4. π . d 2 . b
20% . A'

= 1 / 4. 3.14 . 0.8 2 . 100

1.9652
= 25.5653484 cm ≈ 25 cm

Ü Digunakan Tulangan Pokok Ø 14 - 15

Ap = 1 / 4. π . d 2 . b
S perlu
= 1 / 4. 3.14 . 1.4 2 . 100
15
= 10.2573333 cm2 A' < Ap
9.8258 < 10.2573333

Ü Digunakan Tulangan Bagi Ø 8 - 25

1 / 4. π . d 2 . b
Ab =
S perlu
= 1 / 4. 3.14 . 0.8 2 . 100
25
= 2.0096 cm2 20% .A' < Ab
1.9652 < 2.0096

1.4.3 TIANG SANDARAN

A. Penulangan Tiang Sandaran Vertikal

200
135

16/16
64

16/25
145

Tegel + Spasi = 5 cm
20 25 36

Kerb 15/25
Aspal 10 cm
Slab 20 cm
Kerb tepi 15/25

160 150

- Bentang Jembatan (a) = 12 m

- Jarak Tiang Sandaran (b) = 2.0 m
- Jumlah Tiang Sandaran (c) = a / b + 1
= 12 / 2.0 + 1
= 7 buah
Ü Pipa Sandaran Dipilih : Tebal : 4.00 mm Ø : 3"
Berat : 7.13 Kg/m'
: 0.00713 t/m'

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 Ü Berat Tiang Sandaran : 16 x 16 dan 16 x 25
= ( 0.16 . 0.16 . 0.64 . 2.4 . 7) + (( 0.16 + 0.25 ) . 0.16 . 0.36 . 2.4 . 7)
2
= 0.4736 ton

Ü Berat Pipa Sandaran : 2. 0.00713 . 12

= 0.1711 ton

Ü Berat Tiang Sandaran dan Pipa :

= 0.4736 + 0.1711
= 0.6447 ton

Jika diratakan memanjang maka dengan L = 12 m

q sandaran + tiang = 0.6447 / 12
= 0.053725 t/m' < 0.1 t/m'

Ü
Menurut PPPJJR 1987 beban q Horizontal sebesar 100 Kg/m', bekerja pada ketinggian 90 cm diatas lantai trotoar.

Momen yang membebani 1 tiang sandaran adalah

M = q . b . 0.9
= 100 . 2.0 . 0.9
= 180 Kg m
= 18000 Kg cm

1 Penulangan Bagian Atas (16 x 16 x 64)

α = 0.2372
b = 16 cm
ht = 16 cm
d = 2.5 cm
h = 16 - 2.5
= 13.5 cm

ho = α M
b
= 0.2372 18000
16
= 7.9559 cm ho = 7.9559 cm < ht = 16 cm
(digunakan tulangan tunggal)
h
α hit =
M
b

13.5
=
18000
16
= 0.4025 α < α hit
0.2372 < 0.4025
Trial Mencari ξ

σ' b σa 1 1
ξ = α =
Kg / cm2 n . σ' b 1 + ( σ a / n. σ' b) 1/2 . σ'b . ξ . (1 - ξ/3)

33.5 1.493 0.4012 0.4145

33.75 1.4815 0.403 0.4121

34 1.4706 0.4048 0.4099

34.83 1.4355 0.4106 0.4025

Tugas Baja II 2013 I - 10

 Dari tabel Trial diperoleh :
σ' b = 34.83 Kg / cm2
ξ = 0.4106
α = 0.4025 = α hit

1
β =
σ a . α . (1 - ξ/3)
1
=
1400 . 0.4025 . ( 1- 0.4106 / 3)
= 0.0021

ω = β / α
= 0.0021 / 0.4025
= 0.0051

A' = ω . b . h
= 0.0051 . 16 . 13.5
= 1.1034 cm2

Dicoba tulangan pokok Ø : 10 mm = 1.0 cm

S = 1 / 4. π . d 2 . b
A'
= 1 / 4. 3.14 . 1 2 . 16
1.1034
= 11.382998 cm ≈ 11 cm

Dicoba tulangan bagi Ø : 6 mm = 0.6 cm

S = 1 / 4. π . d 2 . b
20% . A'

= 1 / 4. 3.14 . 0.6 2 . 16
0.2207
= 20.4893964 cm ≈ 20 cm

Ü Digunakan Tulangan Pokok Ø 10 - 11

1 / 4. π . d 2 . b
Ap =
S perlu
= 1 / 4. 3.14 . 1 2 . 16
11
= 1.1418 cm2 A' < Ap
1.1034 < 1.1418

Ü Digunakan Tulangan Bagi Ø 6 - 20

1 / 4. π . d 2 . b
Ab =
S perlu
= 1 / 4. 3.14 . 0.6 2 . 16
20
= 0.2261 cm2 20% .A' < Ab
0.2207 < 0.2261

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 2 Penulangan Bagian Bawah (16 x 25 x 36)
M = 18000 Kg cm
α = 0.2372
b = 16 cm
ht = 25 cm
d = 2.5 cm
h = 25 - 2.5
= 22.5 cm

ho = α M
b
= 0.2372 18000
16
= 7.9559 cm ho = 7.9559 cm < ht = 25 cm
(digunakan tulangan tunggal)
h
α hit =
M
b

22.5
=
18000
16
= 0.6708 α < α hit
0.2372 < 0.6708
Trial Mencari ξ

σ' b σa 1 1
ξ = α =
Kg / cm2 n . σ' b 1 + ( σ a / n. σ' b) 1/2 . σ'b . ξ . (1 - ξ/3)

19.25 2.597 0.278 0.6418

19 2.6316 0.2754 0.6487

18.5 2.7027 0.2701 0.6632

18.25 2.7397 0.2674 0.6708

Dari tabel Trial diperoleh :

σ' b = 18.250 Kg / cm2
ξ = 0.2674
α = 0.6708 = α hit

1
β =
σ a . α . (1 - ξ/3)
1
=
1400 . 0.6708 . ( 1- 0.2674 / 3)
= 0.0012

ω = β / α
= 0.0012 / 0.6708
= 0.0017

A' = ω . b . h
= 0.0017 . 16 . 22.5
= 0.6274 cm2

Dicoba tulangan pokok Ø : 10 mm = 1.0 cm

S = 1 / 4. π . d 2 . b
A'
= 1 / 4. 3.14 . 1 2 . 16
0.6274
= 20.0191266 cm ≈ 20 cm

Dicoba tulangan bagi Ø : 6 mm = 0.6 cm

S = 1 / 4. π . d 2 . b
20% . A'

= 1 / 4. 3.14 . 0.6 2 . 16
0.1255
= 36.0344278 cm ≈ 36 cm

Ü Digunakan Tulangan Pokok Ø 10 - 20

1 / 4. π . d 2 . b
Ap =
S perlu
= 1 / 4. 3.14 . 1 2 . 16
20
= 0.6280 cm2 A' < Ap
0.6274 < 0.6280

Ü Digunakan Tulangan Bagi Ø 6 - 36

Ab = 1 / 4. π . d 2 . b
S perlu
= 1 / 4. 3.14 . 0.6 2 . 16
36
= 0.1256 cm2 20% .A' < Ab
0.1255 < 0.1256

B. Tiang Sandaran Horizontal q = 100 kg/m'

Mmax = 1 / 8. q . L 2
= 1 / 8. 100 . 2.0 2
= 50.00 Kg m 200 cm
= 5000 Kg cm
t
Digunakan Pipa Tebal : 4.00 mm Ø : 3"
D = 7.63 cm y = d / 2 d
t = 0.40 cm = 6.83 / 2 D
y
d = D - 2t = 3.415 cm
= 7.63 - ( 2. 0.4 )
= 6.83 cm

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 I = Ix = Iy
= 1 / 64 . π . (D 4 - d 4 )
= 1 / 64 . 3.14 . ( 7.63 4 - 6.83 4 )
= 59.5171 cm4
σ = M .Y / I
= 5000 . 3.415 / 59.5171 σ < σa
= 286.8923 Kg/cm2 286.8923 < 1400
1.5 PERENCANAAN GELAGAR BAJA KOMPOSIT
1.5.1 PEMBEBANAN DAN MOMEN-MOMEN
A. Beban Mati pada Tampang Baja (qDS)
- Beban Slab Beton : 0.2 . 1.5 . 2.4 . 1 = 0.7200 t/m'
- Beban Voute Composite (ditaksir) = 0.0000 t/m'
- Beban Profil / Gelagar (ditaksir) = 0.3000 t/m'
- Beban Sambungan dll (30% q Profil) = 0.0900 t/m'
qDS = 1.1100 t/m'

MDS = 1 / 8 . qDS . L 2
= 1/ 8. 1.1100 . 12 2
= 19.9800 tm
= 1998000 Kg cm

B. Beban Mati pada Tampang Komposit (qDC)

- Beban Lapis Keras/Aspal : 0.1 . 1.5 . 2.2 = 0.3300 t/m'
- Beban Air Hujan : 0.05 . 1.5 . 1. 1 = 0.0750 t/m'
- Beban Muatan Berguna = 0.1000 t/m'
- Beban Trotar + Tiang Sandaran = 0.0000 t/m'
(sudah dipikul Gelagar Tepi)
qDC = 0.5050 t/m'

MDC = 1 / 8 . qDC . L 2
= 1/ 8. 0.5050 . 12 2
= 9.0900 tm
= 909000 Kg cm

C. Beban Hidup (qLL) dan (QLL)

Berdasarkan PPPJJR 1987
Ü L = 12 m < 30 m P = 2.2 t/m/jalur
qLL = S . P
2.75
= 1.5 . 2.2
2.75
= 1.2000 t/m

Ü P = 12 t/jalur
20
fk = 1 +
50 + L
20
= 1 +
50 + 12
= 1.3226

QLL = S . P . fk
2.75
= 1.5 . 12 . 1.3226
2.75
= 8.6570 ton

MLL = 1 / 8 . qLL . L 2 + 1 / 4. QLL . L

= 1/ 8. 1.2000 . 12 2 + 1/ 4. 8.6570 . 12
= 47.571 tm
= 4757100 Kg cm

D. Momen Total (MT) dan S Perlu

MT = MDS + MDC + MLL

= 19.9800 + 9.0900 + 47.5710
= 76.6410 tm
= 7664100 Kg cm

Jenis Baja σ = 1900 Kg/cm2

S perlu = MT
1.28 . σ
= 7664100
1.28 . 1900
= 3151.3569 cm3

E. Rencana Profil Baja Yang Digunakan

20 mm
Digunakan Profil WF metric dengan S tabel > S perlu
Dicoba WF 600 x 300 - 151

Luas ( As ) = 192.5 cm2 12 mm

h = 600 mm h
b = 300 mm
Is = 118000 cm4
Sx = 4020 cm3
S perlu = 3151.3569 cm3 S perlu < Sx tabel
3151.3569 < 4020 b

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 F. Lebar Efektif (Le)

Le = 1 / 4. L = 1/ 4. 12 = 3.0 m
Le = 12 . ts = 12 . 20 = 240 cm = 2.4 m
Le = S = 1.5 m
Le berdasarkan tabel
Untuk lantai yang mempunyai tanda Momen yang sama sepanjang Jembatan

B/L ≤ 0,05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 ≥ 0,30

λ/b 1.0 0.89 0.78 0.68 0.58 0.5 λ/L = 0,15

( S - b profil )
b =
L
( 1.5 - 0.3 )
=
2
= 0.6 m

b / L = 0.60 / 12
= 0.050 λ/b = 1
λ = 1. b
= 1. 0.60
= 0.60 m
Le = b profil + 2λ
= 0.30 + 2. 0.60
= 1.5 m Jadi digunakan Le = 1.5 m

1.5.2 ANALISIS KOMPOSIT

Le = 150 cm

ts = 20
gn : cc

ycc
ytc

y2 gn . c
yts
y1
gn . s h = 60

ybc ybs

b = 30

A. Beban Hidup
k = 1
n = 28

Ü Statis Momen terhadap Sisi Bawah

ds = ybs = yts As . ds
Baja As = 192.5 = 60 / 2 192.5 . 30
= 30 cm = 5775.0 cm3
Ac = Le . ts dc = h + e + (ts/2) Ac . dc
k . n = 60 + 0 + ( 20 / 2) 107.14286 . 70
Beton = 150 . 20 = 70 cm = 7500.0 cm3
1 . 28
= 107.1429 cm2
Jumlah ΣA = 299.6 cm2 Σ Ad = 13275.0 cm3

ybc (As . ds + Ac . dc) Σ Ad

= =
As + Ac ΣA
13275.0
=
299.6428571
= 44.3027 cm

Tugas Baja II 2013 I - 14

 ytc = h - ybc
= 60 - 44.3027
= 15.6973 cm

ycc = ytc + e + ts
= 15.6973 + 0+ 20
= 35.6973 cm

y1 = ybc - ybs
= 44.3027 - 30
= 14.3027 cm

y2 = yts + e + ts / 2
= 30 + 0+ 20 / 2
= 40.00 cm
Ic = Is + 1/ 12 . Ac . ts 2 + As . y1 . y2
= 118000 + 1/ 12 . 107.1429 . 20 2 + 192.5 . 14.3027 . 40
= 231702.2186 cm4

Sts = Is Sbs = Is
ybs yts
= 118000 = 118000
30 30
= 3933.3333 cm3 = 3933.3333 cm3

Stc = Ic
ytc
= 231702.219
15.6973
= 14760.6415 cm3 S perlu < Stc
3151.3569 cm3 < 14760.6415 cm3

Sbc = Ic
ybc
= 231702.219
44.3027
= 5229.9796 cm3 S perlu < Sbc
3151.3569 cm3 < 5229.9796 cm3

Scc = Ic
ycc
= 231702.219
35.6973
= 6490.7491 cm3 S perlu < Scc
3151.3569 cm3 < 6490.7491 cm3

Ü Kontrol Tegangan

fts = MDS
Sts
= 1998000
3933.3333
= 507.9661 Kg/cm2 fts < σ baja
507.9661 Kg/cm2 < 1900 Kg/cm2
fbs = MDS
Sbs
= 1998000
3933.3333
= 507.9661 Kg/cm2

ftc = MDC fbc = MDC

Stc Sbc
= 909000 = 909000
14760.6415 5229.9796
= 61.5827 Kg/cm2 = 173.8056 Kg/cm2

Tugas Baja II 2013 I - 15

 fcc = MDC
K . n . Scc
= 909000
1. 28 . 6490.7491
= 5.0016 Kg/cm2
ftcl = MLL fbcl = MLL
Stc Sbc
= 4757100 = 4757100
14760.6415 5229.9796
= 322.2827 Kg/cm2 = 909.5829 Kg/cm2

fccl = MLL
K . n . Scc
= 4757100
1. 28 . 6490.7491
= 26.1752 Kg/cm2

B. Beban Mati
k = 3
n = 28

Ü Statis Momen terhadap Sisi Bawah

ds = ybs = yts As . ds
Baja As = 192.5 = 60 / 2 192.5 . 30
= 30 cm = 5775.0 cm3
Ac = Le . ts dc = h + e + (ts/2) Ac . dc
k . n = 60 + 0 + ( 20 / 2) 35.714286 . 70
Beton = 150 . 20 = 70 cm = 2500.0 cm3
3 . 28
= 35.71429 cm2
Jumlah ΣA = 228.2 cm2 Σ Ad = 8275.0 cm3

ybc (As . ds + Ac . dc) Σ Ad

= =
As + Ac ΣA
8275.0
=
228.2142857
= 36.2598 cm

ytc = h - ybc
= 60 - 36.2598
= 23.7402 cm

ycc = ytc + e + ts
= 23.7402 + 0+ 20
= 43.7402 cm

y1 = ybc - ybs
= 36.2598 - 30
= 6.2598 cm

y2 = yts + e + ts / 2
= 30 + 0+ 20 / 2
= 40.00 cm
Ic = Is + 1/ 12 . Ac . ts 2 + As . y1 . y2
= 118000 + 1/ 12 . 35.71429 . 20 2 + 192.5 . 6.2598 . 40
= 167390.936 cm4

Sts = Is Sbs = Is
ybs yts
= 118000 = 118000
30 30
= 3933.3333 cm3 = 3933.3333 cm3

Stc = Ic
ytc
= 167390.936
23.7402
= 7050.9489 cm3 S perlu < Stc
3151.3569 cm3 < 7050.9489 cm3

Tugas Baja II 2013 I - 16

 Sbc = Ic
ybc
= 167390.936
36.2598
= 4616.433 cm3 S perlu < Sbc
3151.3569 cm3 < 4616.433 cm3

Scc = Ic
ycc
= 167390.936
43.7402
= 3826.9358 cm3 S perlu < Scc
3151.3569 cm3 < 3826.9358 cm3

Ü Kontrol Tegangan

fts = MDS
Sts
= 1998000
3933.3333
= 507.9661 Kg/cm2 fts < σ baja
507.9661 Kg/cm2 < 1900 Kg/cm2
fbs = MDS
Sbs
= 1998000
3933.3333
= 507.9661 Kg/cm2

ftc = MDC fbc = MDC

Stc Sbc
= 909000 = 909000
7050.9489 4616.433
= 128.9188 Kg/cm2 = 196.9053 Kg/cm2

fcc = MDC
K . n . Scc
= 909000
3. 28 . 3826.9358
= 2.8277 Kg/cm2

ftcl = MLL fbcl = MLL

Stc Sbc
= 4757100 = 4757100
7050.9489 4616.433
= 674.6751 Kg/cm2 = 1030.4709 Kg/cm2

fccl = MLL
K . n . Scc
= 4757100
3. 28 . 3826.9358
= 14.7983 Kg/cm2

C. Tabel Tegangan

Teg ft fb fc
Bgn ( Kg/cm2 ) ( Kg/cm2 ) ( Kg/cm2 )
Ds 507.9661 507.9661 0

Dc 128.9188 196.9053 2.8277 K=3

LL 322.2827 909.5829 26.1752 K=1

Jumlah Σ ft = 959.1676 Σ fb = 1614.4543 Σ fc = 29.0029

Kesimpulan tegangan yang timbul

Ü Pada Baja : ft = 959.1676 Kg/cm2 < σ baja = 1900 Kg/cm2
fb = 1614.4543 Kg/cm2 < σ baja = 1900 Kg/cm2

Ü Pada Beton : fc = 29.0029 Kg/cm2 < σ beton = 74.3 Kg/cm2

Ü Jadi Profil Baja Dapat Digunakan

1.5.3 ANALISIS PENAHAN GESER

Ditinjau 1/2 bentang jembatan = 1 / 2 . 12 = 6 meter, yang dibagi 5 bagian / panel

dengan jarak 1 panel = 6 / 5= 1.2 meter, pada beban K = 1

A. VC Akibat qDS dan qDC

V1
V2
V3 V4
V5

120 cm 120 cm 120 cm 120 cm 120 cm

q = qDS + qDC
= 1.1100 + 0.5050
= 1.6150 t/m
Vmax = V1 = 1 / 2. q . L
= 1/ 2. 1.6150 . 12
= 9.690 ton
V2 = 4 / 5. 9.690 = 7.752 ton
V3 = 3 / 5. 9.690 = 5.814 ton
V4 = 2 / 5. 9.690 = 3.876 ton
V5 = 1 / 5. 9.690 = 1.938 ton

Tugas Baja II 2013 I - 17

 B. VC Akibat qLL (q dan Q akibat Muatan D)

qD = 1.2000 t/m'
QD = 8.6570 ton

Vn = ( L - a ) 2 1 / 2. qD . L + ( L - a ) . QD
L L

Ü a1 = 0
V1 = 1 / 2. qD . L + QD
= 1/ 2. 1.2000 . 12 + 8.6570
= 15.857 ton

Ü a2 = 1.2 m

V2 = ( 12 - 1.2 ) 2 . 1 / 2. 1.2000 . 12 + ( 12 - 1.2 ) . 8.6570

12 12
= 13.6233 ton

Ü a3 = 2.4 m

V3 = ( 12 - 2.4 ) 2 . 1 / 2. 1.2000 . 12 + ( 12 - 2.4 ) . 8.6570

12 12
= 11.5336 ton

Ü a4 = 3.6 m
12 - 3.6 2 . 1 / 2. 1.2000 . 12 + 12 - 3.6 . 8.6570
V4 = ( ) ( )
12 12
= 9.5879 ton

Ü a5 = 4.8 m
12 - 4.8 2 . 1 / 2. 1.2000 . 12 + 12 - 4.8 . 8.6570
V5 = ( ) ( )
12 12
= 7.7862 ton

C. Total VC Akibat qDS, qDC dan qLL

V1 = 9.690 + 15.857 = 25.547 ton

V2 = 7.752 + 13.6233 = 21.3753 ton
V3 = 5.814 + 11.5336 = 17.3476 ton
V4 = 3.876 + 9.5879 = 13.4639 ton
V5 = 1.938 + 7.7862 = 9.7242 ton

D. Perhitungan Shear Conector

Dari perhitungan diatas diperoleh :

qD = 1.2000 t/m'
QD = 8.6570 ton
MDS = 19.9800 tm
MDC = 9.0900 tm
MLL = 47.571 tm
Sbc = 5229.9796 cm3 untuk k = 1
Sbs = 3933.3333 cm3
Is = 118000 cm4
ybs = 30 cm

Tugas Baja II 2013 I - 18

 MDC
Cmc =
MLL
= 9.0900
47.571
= 0.1911

MDS
Cmi =
MLL
= 19.9800
47.571
= 0.42

Sbc
es =
Sbs
= 5229.9796
3933.3333
= 1.3297

LLFS = 2.7 ( 1+ Cmc + ( Cmi . es )) - ( Cmc + Cmi )

= 2.7 . ( 1+ 0.1911 + ( 0.4200 . 1.3297 )) - ( 0.1911 + 0.4200 )
= 4.1127

Ü Pada jarak 1/2 bentang jembatan = 6 m

V1' = 9.690 ton
V1" = 15.857 ton
V1'
CV1 =
V1"
9.690
=
15.857
= 0.6111
LLFS + CV1
FS1 = ( )
1 + CV1
4.1127 + 0.6111
= ( )
1 + 0.6111
= 2.9320

Ü Pada jarak a2 = 1.2 m dari setengah bentang jembatan

V2' = 7.752 ton
V2" = 13.623 ton
V2'
CV2 =
V2"
7.752
=
13.623
= 0.5690
LLFS + CV2
FS2 = ( )
1 + CV2
4.1127 + 0.5690
= ( )
1 + 0.5690
= 2.9839

Ü Pada jarak a3 = 2.4 m dari setengah bentang jembatan

V3' = 5.814 ton
V3" = 11.534 ton
V3'
CV3 =
V3"
5.814
=
11.534
= 0.5041
LLFS + CV3
FS3 = ( )
1 + CV3
4.1127 + 0.5041
= ( )
1 + 0.5041
= 3.0695

Tugas Baja II 2013 I - 19

 Ü Pada jarak a4 = 3.6 m dari setengah bentang jembatan
V4' = 3.876 ton
V4" = 9.588 ton
V4'
CV4 =
V4"
3.876
=
9.588
= 0.4043
LLFS + CV4
FS4 = ( )
1 + CV4
4.1127 + 0.4043
= ( )
1 + 0.4043
= 3.2165

Ü Pada jarak a5 = 4.8 m dari setengah bentang jembatan

V5' = 1.938 ton
V5" = 7.786 ton
V5'
CV5 =
V5"
1.938
=
7.786
= 0.2489
LLFS + CV5
FS5 = ( )
1 + CV5
4.1127 + 0.2489
= ( )
1 + 0.2489
= 3.4924

D. Perhitungan Jarak Paku/Baut

Digunakan Paku/Baut Ø db = 2.0 cm dan tinggi paku/baut = hb = 20 cm
hb = 20 cm
db = 2.0 cm
hb/db = 10 > 5.5
Maka :
Quc = 55 . db 2 . σ beton
= 55 . 2.0 2 . 74.3
= 1895.7057 Kg

k = 1
n = 28
Ic = 231702.2186 cm4
ycc = 35.6973 cm
Le . ts
m = ( ) . ( ycc - ts / 2 )
k . n
150 . 20
= ( ) . ( 35.6973 - 20 / 2 )
1 . 28
= 2753.2821 cm3

S1 = V1 . m
Ic
= 25.547 . 1000 . 2753.282
231702.2186
= 303.5711 Kg

S2 = V2 . m
Ic
= 21.3753 . 1000 . 2753.282
231702.2186
= 253.9994 Kg

S3 = V3 . m
Ic
= 17.3476 . 1000 . 2753.282
231702.2186
= 206.1389 Kg

S4 = V4 . m
Ic
= 13.4639 . 1000 . 2753.282
231702.2186
= 159.9895 Kg

S5 = V5 . m
Ic
= 9.7242 . 1000 . 2753.282
231702.2186
= 115.5512 Kg

Tugas Baja II 2013 I - 20

 Dicoba 1 deret terdiri dari 3 baris paku/baut
12 12

20

n . Quc
P1 =
s1 . Fs1
3 . 1895.7057
=
303.5711 . 2.9320
= 6.3895 cm ≈ 6 cm

n . Quc
P2 =
s2 . Fs2
3 . 1895.7057
=
253.9994 . 2.9839
= 7.5037 cm ≈ 7 cm
n . Quc
P3 =
s3 . Fs3
3 . 1895.7057
=
206.1389 . 3.0695
= 8.988 cm ≈ 8 cm

n . Quc
P4 =
s4 . Fs4
3 . 1895.7057
=
159.9895 . 3.2165
= 11.0514 cm ≈ 11 cm

n . Quc
P5 =
s5 . Fs5
3 . 1895.7057
=
115.5512 . 3.4924
= 14.0927 cm ≈ 14 cm

Tabel Perhitungan Shear Connector

Quc m Vc Ic Jarak Panjang
No Fs Jumlah
(Kg) (cm3) (Kg) (cm4) (cm) (cm)

1 1895.7057 2753.2821 25547 231702.2186 2.9320 6 20 120

2 1895.7057 2753.2821 21375.3 231702.2186 2.9839 7 17.14285714 120

3 1895.7057 2753.2821 17347.6 231702.2186 3.0695 8 15 120

4 1895.7057 2753.2821 13463.9 231702.2186 3.2165 11 10.90909091 120

5 1895.7057 2753.2821 9724.2 231702.2186 3.4924 14 8.571428571 120

Jumlah 71.62337662 600

Σ Panjang = 600 cm ≤ 1/ 2. L
= 600 cm ≤ 1/ 2. 1200
= 600 cm ≤ 600 cm

Tugas Baja II 2013 I - 21

1.6 PERENCANAAN PERTAMBATAN ANGIN

130 Kg/cm2

200
10
20
60
150
qW = ( 200 + 10 + 20 + 60 ) . 1. 130
= 37700.00 Kg/cm
= 377.00 Kg/m

P = qW . L / n
= 377.00 . 12 / 6
= 754.00 Kg

P tepi = 1 / 2 . P
= 1 / 2 . 754.00
= 377.00 Kg

1.6.1 ANGIN KIRI

P2 = 754,00 P3 = 754,00 P4 = 754,00 P5 = 754,00 P6 = 754,00

P1 = 377,00 P7 = 377,00

7 8 9 10 11 12

13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
150

1 2 3 4 5 6

RA 1200 RB

RA = RB
= 1/ 2. ( ΣP )
= 1/ 2. (( 2. 377.00 ) + ( 5. 754.00 ))
= 2262.00 Kg (↑)

1.6.2 ANGIN KANAN

P2 = 754,00 P3 = 754,00 P4 = 754,00 P5 = 754,00 P6 = 754,00

P1 = 377,00 P7 = 377,00

7 8 9 10 11 12

13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
150

1 2 3 4 5 6

RA 1200 RB

RA = RB
= 1/ 2. ( ΣP )
= 1/ 2. (( 2. 377.00 ) + ( 5. 754.00 ))
= 2262.00 Kg (↑)

Tugas Baja II 2013 I - 22

 Cremona Pertambatan Angin Kiri

Skala gaya 1cm : 400 kg

skala jarak 1cm : 100 cm
- 13 RA
P1

-8 P2
- 14

- 17 + 16
-9 P3
- 18
+3=+4 +1= + 2 = + 5 = +6

- 20
RB
- 10 P4
+ 22
- 21
- 24
- 11 P5

P6
- 25
P7

Tugas Baja II 2013 I - 23

 1.6.3 TABEL PERTAMBATAN ANGIN KIRI

Gaya Batang
No Batang
Tarik (+) Tekan (-)
1 2513.3332

2 2513.3332

3 4524

4 4524

5 2513.3332

6 2513.3332

7 0 0

8 4021.3332

9 4021.3332

10 4021.3332

11 4021.3332

12 0 0

13 377

14 3141.6668

15 0 0

16 1885

17 754

18 628.3332

19 0 0

20 628.3332

21 754

22 1885

23 0 0

24 3141.6668

25 377

Cremona Pertambatan Angin Kanan

Skala gaya 1cm : 400 kg

skala jarak 1cm : 100 cm
RA
-7 P1

- 15

-8 P2
+ 14
- 13
- 16
-9 P3
+ 18
+2=+3=+4=+5
- 19
RB
+ 20
- 10 P4

- 22 + 24

- 11 P5
- 25
- 23

- 12 P6

P7

Tugas Baja II 2013 I - 24

 1.6.4 TABEL PERTAMBATAN ANGIN KANAN

Gaya Batang
No Batang
Tarik (+) Tekan (-)
1 0 0

2 4021.3332

3 4021.3332

4 4021.3332

5 4021.3332

6 0 0

7 2513.3332

8 2513.3332

9 4524

10 4524

11 2513.3332

12 2513.3332

13 2262

14 3141.6668

15 754

16 1885

17 0 0

18 628.3332

19 754

20 628.3332

21 0 0

22 1885

23 754

24 3141.6668

25 2262

Tugas Baja II 2013 I - 25

 1.6.5 DIMENSI BATANG DIAFRAGMA DAN PERTAMBATAN ANGIN
A. Batang Diafragma digunakan batang CNP 30
B. Batang pertambatan angin Vertikal

Gaya Batang Max (P) = 2262 Kg

Mutu Baja U24 σa = Fy = 1400 Kg/cm2
E = 2100000 Kg/cm2

E
λg = π
0.7
. Fy
2100000
= π
0.7 . 1400
= 145.3538

Dicoba Profil L = 50 . 50 . 5
A = 4.80 cm2
I = ix : iy
= 1.51 cm

Panjang Batang L = 150 cm

L
λ =
i
150
=
1.51
= 99.338

λs λ
=
λg
99.338
=
145.3538
= 0.6834 0.183 < λs < 1

1.41
ω =
1.593 - λs
1.41
=
1.593 - 0.6834
= 1.5501

A . σ baja
Ṗ =
ω
4.80 . 1900
=
1.5501
= 5883.49138765 Kg Ṗ > P max
5883.491387652 Kg > 2262.00 Kg

C. Batang pertambatan angin Horizontal

Gaya Batang Max (P) = 4524.00 Kg

Mutu Baja U24 σa = Fy = 1400 Kg/cm2
E = 2100000 Kg/cm2

E
λg = π
0.7
. Fy
2100000
= π
0.7 . 1400
= 145.3538

Dicoba Profil L = 50 . 50 . 7
A = 6.56 cm2
I = ix : iy
= 1.49 cm

Panjang Batang L = 200 cm

L
λ =
i
200
=
1.49
= 134.228

λs λ
=
λg
134.228
=
145.3538
= 0.9235 0.183 < λs < 1

1.41
ω =
1.593 - λs
1.41
=
1.593 - 0.9235
= 2.106

A . σ baja
Ṗ =
ω
6.56 . 1900
=
2.106
= 5918.328585 Kg Ṗ > P max
5918.328584995 Kg > 4524.00 Kg

Tugas Baja II 2013 I - 26

 D. Batang pertambatan angin Diagonal

Gaya Batang Max (P) = 3141.67 Kg

Mutu Baja U24 σa = Fy = 1400 Kg/cm2
E = 2100000 Kg/cm2

E
λg = π
0.7 . Fy
2100000
= π
0.7 . 1400
= 145.3538

Dicoba Profil L = 60 . 60 . 6
A = 6.91 cm2
I = ix : iy
= 1.82 cm

Panjang Batang L = 150 2 + 200 2

= 250 cm
L
λ =
i
250.000
=
1.82
= 137.363

λs λ
=
λg
137.363
=
145.3538
= 0.945 0.183 < λs < 1

1.41
ω =
1.593 - λs
1.41
=
1.593 - 0.9450
= 2.1759

A . σ baja
Ṗ =
ω
6.91 . 1900
=
2.1759
= 6033.82508387 Kg Ṗ > P max
6033.825083873 Kg > 3141.67 Kg

1.7 KONTROL KOMBINASI MUATAN

1.7.1 MUATAN PRIMER
A. Akibat Beban Mati

MDS = 19.9800 tm
MDC = 9.0900 tm

B. Akibat Beban Hidup

MLL = 47.571 tm

Tugas Baja II 2013 I - 27

 1.7.2 MUATAN SEKUNDER
A. Gaya Akibat Muatan Angin (A)

130 Kg/cm2

200
10
20
60
150
180
Jarak Antar Roda = 180 cm
Muatan Angin = 130 Kg/cm2
Jarak Antar Gelagar = 150 cm

Luas Bidang Tekan ( A ) = L . h

= 12 . 2.9
= 34.80 m2
= 348000 cm2
Gaya Tekan (P) = 130 . 348000
= 45240000 Kg

R = P
180
= 45240000
180
= 251333.333333333 Kg/cm
= 2513.3333 Kg/m

M = 1/ 4. R . L
= 1/ 4. 2513.3333 . 12
= 7539.9999 Kgm
= 753999.99 Kgcm

B. Gaya Akibat Suhu (T)

Penurunan suhu (t) sebesar 15 0

C
E Baja = 2100000 Kg/cm2
λ = 0.000012 per 0C (Koefisien Muai)
T = E . λ . t
= 2100000 . 0.000012 . 15
= 378 Kg/cm2

C. Gaya Akibat Susut dan Rangkak (SR)

SR = T = 378 Kg/cm2

D. Gaya Akibat Rem dan Traksi (R)

Gaya rem 5% dari beban D tanpa koefisien kejut

R = 0.05 (( L . qLL ) + QLL )

= 0.05 (( 12 . 1.2000 ) + ( 8.6570 )
180

= 1.1529 t

e = 2.7
M = R . e
R
= 1.1529 . 2.7
= 3.11283 tm
10
20
60

150
1.7.3 MUATAN KHUSUS
A. Gaya Akibat Gempa Bumi (GB)
E = 0.12 (Lokasi Baubau termasuk wilayah gempa 2)
dianggap struktur terletak diatas tanah keras

G = L ( qDS + qDC )
= 12 ( 1.1100 + 0.5050 )
= 19.3800 t

Tugas Baja II 2013 I - 28

 GB = E . G
= 0.12 . 19.3800
= 2.3256 t

M = 1 / 4. GB . L
= 1 / 4. 2.3256 . 12
= 6.9768 tm
= 697680 Kg cm

B. Gaya Akibat Tumpuan Bergerak (F)

F = 0.01 . G
= 0.01 . 19.3800
= 0.1938 t

1.8 MUATAN KOMBINASI I (M + H + Ta + Tu) ≤ σ BAJA = 1800 Kg/cm2

1.8.1 GAYA AKIBAT BEBAN MATI ( K = 3 )
A. Pada Steal Beam

fts = 507.9661 Kg/cm2

fbs = 507.9661 Kg/cm2
fcs = 0

B. Pada Composite Beam

ftc = 128.9188 Kg/cm2

fbc = 196.9053 Kg/cm2
fcc = 2.8277 Kg/cm2

1.8.2 GAYA AKIBAT BEBAN HIDUP ( K = 1 )

ftcl = 322.2827 Kg/cm2

fbcl = 909.5829 Kg/cm2
fccl = 26.1752 Kg/cm2

1.8.3 GAYA AKIBAT BEBAN KHUSUS

Kombinasi muatan terhadap beban khusus tidak diperhitungkan
Ü Gaya akibat tekanan tanah (Ta) = 0
Ü Gaya akibat aliran arus dan hanyutan (Tu) = 0

1.8.4 TABEL TEGANGAN YANG TERJADI

Beban ft (Kg/cm2) fb (Kg/cm2) fc (Kg/cm2)

Dsb 507.9661 507.9661 0

Dcb 128.9188 196.9053 2.8277
H 322.2827 909.5829 26.1752
Ta 0 0 0
Tu 0 0 0
Jumlah Σ = 959.1676 Σ = 1614.4543 Σ = 29.0029

Σ ft = 959.1676 Kg/cm2 < σ BAJA = 1900 Kg/cm2

Σ fb = 1614.4543 Kg/cm2 < σ BAJA = 1900 Kg/cm2
Σ fc = 29.0029 Kg/cm2 < σ Beton = 74.3 Kg/cm2

1.9 MUATAN KOMBINASI II (M + A + SR + T + F + Ta + Tu) < 125% σ BAJA

1.9.1 GAYA AKIBAT BEBAN MATI ( K = 3 )

A. Pada Steal Beam

fts = 507.9661 Kg/cm2

fbs = 507.9661 Kg/cm2
fcs = 0

B. Pada Composite Beam

ftc = 128.9188 Kg/cm2

fbc = 196.9053 Kg/cm2
fcc = 2.8277 Kg/cm2

Tugas Baja II 2013 I - 29

 1.9.2 GAYA AKIBAT GAYA ANGIN ( A ) , K = 1

M = 753999.99 Kgcm
ft = M / Stc
= 753999.99 / 14760.6415
= 51.0818 Kg/cm2

fb = M / Sbc
= 753999.99 / 5229.9796
= 144.1688 Kg/cm2

fc = M
k . n. Scc
= 753999.99
1. 28 . 6490.7491
= 4.1488 Kg/cm2

1.9.3 GAYA AKIBAT SUSUT DAN RANGKAK (SR)

ft = SR = 378 Kg/cm2
fb = SR = 378 Kg/cm2
fc = 0

1.9.4 GAYA AKIBAT PERBEDAAN SUHU (T)

ft = SR = 378 Kg/cm2
fb = SR = 378 Kg/cm2
fc = 0

1.9.5 GAYA AKIBAT TUMPUAN BERGERAK (F), K = 1

M = 1 / 8. F . L
= 1 / 8. 0.1938 . 12
= 0.2907 tm
= 29070 Kg cm

ft = M / Stc
= 29070.00 / 14760.6415
= 1.9694 Kg/cm2

fb = M / Sbc
= 29070.00 / 5229.9796
= 5.5583 Kg/cm2

fc = M
k . n . Scc
= 29070.00
1. 28 . 6490.7491
= 0.16 Kg/cm2

1.9.6 GAYA AKIBAT TEKANAN TANAH (Ta)

Ta = 0 Diabaikan

1.9.7 GAYA AKIBAT ALIRAN ARUS DAN HANYUTAN (Tu)

Tu = 0 Diabaikan

1.9.8 TABEL TEGANGAN YANG TERJADI

Beban ft (Kg/cm2) fb (Kg/cm2) fc (Kg/cm2)

Dsb 507.9661 507.9661 0

Dcb 128.9188 196.9053 2.8277
A 51.0818 144.1688 4.1488
SR 378.0000 378 0
T 378.0000 378 0
F 1.9694 5.5583 0.16
Ta 0 0 0
Tu 0 0 0
Jumlah Σ = 1445.9361 Σ = 1610.5985 Σ = 7.1365

Σ ft = 1445.9361 Kg/cm2 < 125% σ BAJA = 2375 Kg/cm2

Σ fb = 1610.5985 Kg/cm2 < 125% σ BAJA = 2375 Kg/cm2
Σ fc = 7.1365 Kg/cm2 < σ Beton = 74.3 Kg/cm2

Tugas Baja II 2013 I - 30

1.10 MUATAN KOMBINASI III (KOMBINASI I + R + F + A + SR + u) < 140% σ BAJA
1.10.1 KOMBINASI I

ft = 959.1676 Kg/cm2
fb = 1614.4543 Kg/cm2
fc = 29.0029 Kg/cm2

1.10.2 GAYA AKIBAT REM DAN TRAKSI ( R ) , K = 1

M = 3.11 tm
= 311283.00 Kgcm
ft = M / Stc
= 311283.00 / 14760.6415
= 21.0887 Kg/cm2

fb = M / Sbc
= 311283.00 / 5229.9796
= 59.519 Kg/cm2

fc = M
k . n
. Scc
= 311283.00
1. 28 . 6490.7491
= 1.7128 Kg/cm2

1.10.3 GAYA AKIBAT TUMPUAN BERGERAK (F), K = 1

M = 1 / 8. F . L
= 1 / 8. 0.1938 . 12
= 0.2907 tm
= 29070 Kg cm

ft = M / Stc
= 29070.00 / 14760.6415
= 1.9694 Kg/cm2

fb = M / Sbc
= 29070.00 / 5229.9796
= 5.5583 Kg/cm2

fc = M
k . n . Scc
= 29070.00
1. 28 . 6490.7491
= 0.16 Kg/cm2

1.10.4 GAYA AKIBAT GAYA ANGIN ( A ) , K = 1

M = 753999.99 Kgcm
ft = M / Stc
= 753999.99 / 14760.6415
= 51.0818 Kg/cm2

fb = M / Sbc
= 753999.99 / 5229.9796
= 144.1688 Kg/cm2

fc = M
k .n . Scc
= 753999.99
1. 28 . 6490.7491
= 4.1488 Kg/cm2

1.10.5 GAYA AKIBAT SUSUT DAN RANGKAK (SR)

ft = SR = 378 Kg/cm2
fb = SR = 378 Kg/cm2
fc = 0

Tugas Baja II 2013 I - 31

 1.10.6 GAYA AKIBAT PERBEDAAN SUHU (T)

ft = SR = 378 Kg/cm2
fb = SR = 378 Kg/cm2
fc = 0

1.10.7 TABEL TEGANGAN YANG TERJADI

Beban ft (Kg/cm2) fb (Kg/cm2) fc (Kg/cm2)

Kombinasi I 959.1676 1614.4543 29.0029

R 21.0887 59.5190 1.7128
F 1.9694 5.5583 0.16
A 51.0818 144.1688 4.1488
SR 378.0000 378 0
T 378 378 0
Jumlah Σ = 1789.3075 Σ = 2579.7004 Σ = 35.0245

Σ ft = 1789.3075 Kg/cm2 < 140% σ BAJA = 2660 Kg/cm2

Σ fb = 2579.7004 Kg/cm2 < 140% σ BAJA = 2660 Kg/cm2
Σ fc = 35.0245 Kg/cm2 < σ Beton = 74.3 Kg/cm2

1.11 MUATAN KOMBINASI IV (M + Ta + Tu + GB) < 150% σ BAJA

1.11.1 GAYA AKIBAT BEBAN MATI ( K = 3 )

A. Pada Steal Beam

fts = 507.9661 Kg/cm2

fbs = 507.9661 Kg/cm2
fcs = 0

B. Pada Composite Beam

ftc = 128.9188 Kg/cm2

fbc = 196.9053 Kg/cm2
fcc = 2.8277 Kg/cm2

1.11.2 GAYA AKIBAT TEKANAN TANAH (Ta)

Ta = 0 Diabaikan

1.11.3 GAYA AKIBAT ALIRAN ARUS DAN HANYUTAN (Tu)

Tu = 0 Diabaikan

1.11.4 GAYA AKIBAT GEMPA BUMI (BB), K = 1

M = 6.9768 tm
= 697680 Kg cm

ft = M / Stc
= 697680.00 / 14760.6415
= 47.2662 Kg/cm2

fb = M / Sbc
= 697680.00 / 5229.9796
= 133.4001 Kg/cm2

fc = M
k . n
. Scc
= 697680.00
1. 28 . 6490.7491
= 3.8389 Kg/cm2

1.11.5 TABEL TEGANGAN YANG TERJADI

Beban ft (Kg/cm2) fb (Kg/cm2) fc (Kg/cm2)

Dsb 507.9661 507.9661 0

Dcb 128.9188 196.9053 2.8277
Ta 0 0 0
Tu 0 0 0
GB 47.2662 133.4001 3.8389
Jumlah Σ = 684.1511 Σ = 838.2715 Σ = 6.6666

Σ ft = 684.1511 Kg/cm2 < 150% σ BAJA = 2850 Kg/cm2

Σ fb = 838.2715 Kg/cm2 < 150% σ BAJA = 2850 Kg/cm2
Σ fc = 6.6666 Kg/cm2 < σ Beton = 74.3 Kg/cm2

Tugas Baja II 2013 I - 32

1.12 KESIMPULAN

Jembatan Composite aman untuk digunakan

Tugas Baja II 2013 I - 33

 BAB II
PERENCANAAN JEMBATAN BOX GIRDERS

2.1 DATA PERENCANAAN

1 Kelas Jembatan : 70% Muatan
2 Lebar Perkerasan : 11 Meter
3 Bentang Jembatan : 100 Meter
4 Trotoar : 1.1 Meter
5 Gaya Angin : 125 Kg/cm2
6 Shear Connector : Paku/Baut
7 Mutu Baja Box Girders Max : 3800 Kg/cm2
8 Lokasi : Baubau
9 Voute Composite : Tidak Ada
10 Tebal Slab Minimum : 15 Cm digunakan : 20 Cm
11 Tebal Aspal Perkerasan Minimum : 8 Cm digunakan : 10 Cm
12 Mutu Baja Tulangan Minimum : U24
13 Mutu Beton : K250
14 Bentuk Box Girders : Lurus Vertikal

2.2 HITUNGAN BETON DAN BAJA (PEMBEBANAN TETAP)

1 Beton K250
σ bk = 250 Kg/cm2
σb = 0.33 . σ bk
= 0.33 . 250
= 82.5 Kg/cm2

n = Eb / Ec
= 2080 / 82.5
= 25 digunakan n = 10

2 Baja U24
σa = 1400 Kg/cm2
σ au = 2080 Kg/cm2

σb
ξ =
σb + ( σa / n )
= 82.5
82.5 + ( 1400 / 10 )
= 0.3708

1
α =

Tugas Baja II 2013 II - 34

 α =
0.5 . ξ . σb ( 1- ξ / 3)

= 1
0.5 . 0.3708 . 82.5 ( 1 - 0.3708 / 3)

= 0.2731

2.3 PERENCANAAN JARAK BOX GIRDERS

1 Lebar Perkerasan : 11 Meter
2 Lebar Trotoar : 1.1 Meter
3 Jarak Box Girders : 1.96 Meter
4 Jumah Box Girders : 3.0 Buah
5 Overstek : 1.7 Meter

110 1100 110

64

64
20 25 36

20 25 36
170 196 196 196 196 196 170

2.4 PERHITUNGAN BEBAN PADA LANTAI

2.4.1 LANTAI KENDARAAN BENTANG TENGAH
1 Berat Jenis Beton = 2.4 t/m'
2 Berat Jenis Aspal = 2.2 t/m'
3 Beban T = 70% P = 7 ton

A. Beban Mati Yang Didukung

- Beban Lapis Perkerasan/Aspal : 0.1 . 1. 2.2 = 0.22 t/m'
- Beban Air Hujan : 0.05 . 1. 1 = 0.05 t/m'
- Beban Slab Beton : 0.2 . 1. 2.4 = 0.48 t/m'
- Beban Voute Composite (ditaksir) = 0 t/m'
qD = 0.75 t/m'

B. Beban Hidup Yang Didukung

Tugas Baja II 2013 II - 35

 - Rencana Muatan PPPJJR 1987 P = 70% = 7 Ton
P = 7 ton

a = 45°

2010
a
20 30 20 20 50 20

70 cm 90 cm
a b

P = 7 ton
q

196 cm
S = Lx

Menurut PBI '71 halaman 207, lebar lantai kerja (L) yang menahan beban terpusat
dapat dihitung dengan rumus :

Sa = 3 / 4 . a + 3 / 4 . r . Lx

untuk :
Ly > 3 . r . Lx
100 m > 3 . 1 . 1.96
100 m > 5.88 m

Dimana :
a : 70 cm
b : 90 cm
r : 1 (Plat yang terletak bebas pada tumpuannya)
Lx = 1.96 = 196 cm

Sa = 3 / 4. 70 + 3 / 4. 1. 196
= 199.5 cm

Jadi Lebar Lantai Kerja (L) = 196 cm (diambil yang terkecil antara Lx dan Sa)

Digunakan Lx = 196 cm

Mmax (Bentang) = ( 1 . P . Lx ) + ( 1 . qD . Lx 2 ) - ( 1 . 1 . P . b )

Tugas Baja II 2013 II - 36

 Mmax (Bentang) = ( ) + ( ) - ( )
4 8 4 2

= ( 1 . 7 . 1.96 ) + ( 1 . 0.75 . 1.96 2 ) - ( 1 . 1 . 7. 0.9 )

4 8 4 2
= 3.0027 tm = 300270 kg cm

Mmin (Tumpuan) = 5 ( ( 1 . P . Lx ) - ( 1 . 1 . P . b ) ) + ( 1 . qD . Lx 2 )
6 4 4 2 10

= 5 ( ( 1 . 7 . 1.96 ) - ( 1 . 1 . 7. 0.9
)) + (
1 . 0.75 . 1.96 2 )
6 4 4 2 10
= 2.4902 tm = 249020 kg cm

C. Penulangan
Penulangan Lantai Kerja Bentang Tengah
- Penulangan Momen Positif

Mmax (Bentang) = 300270 kg cm

α = 0.2731
b = 100 cm
hmin = 15 cm
ht = 20 cm
d = 2.5 cm
h = 20 - 2.5
= 17.5 cm

ho = α M
b
= 0.2731 300270
100
= 14.965 cm ho = 14.965 cm < hmin = 15 cm
(digunakan tulangan tunggal)

h
α hit =
Mmax
b

17.5
=
300270
100
= 0.3194 α < α hit
0.2731 < 0.3194
Trial Mencari ξ

σ' b σa 1 1
ξ = α =

Tugas Baja II 2013 II - 37

 ξ = α =
Kg / cm2 n . σ' b 1 + ( σ a / n. σ' b) 1/2 . σ'b . ξ . (1 - ξ/3)

65 2.1538 0.3171 0.3294

68 2.0588 0.3269 0.3178

68.5 2.0438 0.3285 0.3159

67.57 2.0719 0.3255 0.3194

Dari tabel Trial diperoleh :

σ' b = 67.57 Kg / cm2
ξ = 0.3255
α = 0.3194 = α hit

1
β =
σ a . α . (1 - ξ/3)
1
=
1400 . 0.3194 . ( 1- 0.3255 / 3)
= 0.0025

ω = β / α
= 0.002509 / 0.3194
= 0.0079

A' = ω. b . h
= 0.0079 . 100 . 17.5
= 13.7442 cm2

Dicoba tulangan pokok Ø : 16 mm = 1.6 cm

S = 1 / 4. π . d 2 . b
A'
= 1 / 4. 3.14 . 1.6 2 . 100
13.7442
= 14.62144 cm ≈ 12 cm

Dicoba tulangan bagi Ø : 8 mm = 0.8 cm

S = 1 / 4. π . d 2 . b
20% . A'

= 1 / 4. 3.14 . 0.8 2 . 100

2.7488
= 18.2768 cm ≈ 15 cm

Tugas Baja II 2013 II - 38

 Ü Digunakan Tulangan Pokok Ø 16 - 12

Ap = 1 / 4. π . d 2 . b
S perlu
= 1 / 4. 3.14 . 1.6 2 . 100
12
= 16.74667 cm2 A' < Ap
13.7442 < 16.74667

Ü Digunakan Tulangan Bagi Ø 8 - 15

Ab = 1 / 4. π . d 2 . b
S perlu
= 1 / 4. 3.14 . 0.8 2 . 100
15
= 3.349333 cm2 20% .A' < Ab
2.7488 < 3.349333

Mmin (tumpuan) = 249020 kg cm

α = 0.2731
b = 100 cm
hmin = 15 cm
ht = 20 cm
d = 2.5 cm
h = 20 - 2.5
= 17.5 cm

ho = α M
b
= 0.2731 249020
100
= 13.6282 cm ho = 13.6282 cm < hmin = 15 cm
(digunakan tulangan tunggal)
h
α hit =
Mmax
b

17.5
=
249020
100
= 0.3507 α < α hit
0.2731 < 0.3507
Trial Mencari ξ

Tugas Baja II 2013 II - 39

 σ' b σa 1 1
ξ = α =
Kg / cm2 n . σ' b 1 + ( σ a / n. σ' b) 1/2 . σ'b . ξ . (1 - ξ/3)

62 2.2581 0.3069 0.3422

61.5 2.2764 0.3052 0.3444

61 2.2951 0.3035 0.3467

60.15 2.3275 0.3005 0.3507

Dari tabel Trial diperoleh :

σ' b = 60.15 Kg / cm2
ξ = 0.3005
α = 0.3507 = α hit

1
β =
σ a . α . (1 - ξ/3)
1
=
1400 . 0.3507 . ( 1- 0.3005 / 3)
= 0.0023

ω = β / α
= 0.0023 / 0.3507
= 0.0065

A' = ω. b . h
= 0.0065 . 100 . 17.5
= 11.2947 cm2

Dicoba tulangan pokok Ø : 16 mm = 1.6 cm

1 / 4. π . d 2 . b
S =
A'
= 1 / 4. 3.14 . 1.6 2 . 100
11.2947
= 17.79242 cm ≈ 12 cm

Dicoba tulangan bagi Ø : 8 mm = 0.8 cm

S = 1 / 4. π . d 2 . b
20% . A'

= 1 / 4. 3.14 . 0.8 2 . 100

2.2589

Tugas Baja II 2013 II - 40

 = 22.24052 cm ≈ 15 cm

Ü Digunakan Tulangan Pokok Ø 16 - 12

1 / 4. π . d 2 . b
Ap =
S perlu
= 1 / 4. 3.14 . 1.6 2 . 100
12
= 16.74667 cm2 A' < Ap
11.2947 < 16.74667

Ü Digunakan Tulangan Bagi Ø 8 - 15

Ab = 1 / 4. π . d 2 . b
S perlu
= 1 / 4. 3.14 . 0.8 2 . 100
15
= 3.349333 cm2 20% .A' < Ab
2.2589 < 3.349333

2.4.2 LANTAI SANDARAN BENTANG TEPI

Beban terpusat akibat berat tiang sandaran dan berat pipa sandaran diratakan memanjang
P ditaksir 0,1 Ton (estimasi hit = 0.05 tm - 0.1 tm )
110

16/16
64

16/25
Tegel + Spasi = 5 cm
20 25 36

Kerb 15/25
Aspal 10 cm
Slab 20 cm
Kerb tepi 15/25

170 196

Struktur sebagai overstek beban-beban terpusat diratakan beban merata ( q )

Tugas Baja II 2013 II - 41

 - Beban Slab Beton : 0.2 . 1 . 2.4 = 0.4800 t/m'
- Beban Kerb : 2 . 0.15 . 0.25 . 1/ 1.7 . 2.4 = 0.1059 t/m'
- Beban Pasir : 0.25 . 1 . 0.8 . 1/ 1.7 . 1.8 = 0.2118 t/m'
- Beban Tegel : 0.05 . 1 . 1.1 . 1/ 1.7 . 2.4 = 0.0776 t/m'
- Beban Hidup : (estimasi) = 0.5000 t/m'
q = 1.3753 t/m'

Beban titik (akibat sandaran) P = 0,1 Ton pada ujung overstek

P = 0,1 ton
q
Mmax = 1 / 2. q . L 2 + P . L
= 1 / 2 . 1.3753 . 1.7 2 + 0.1 . 1.7
= 2.1573 tm
= 215730 Kg cm
170 cm
α = 0.2731
b = 100 cm
hmin = 15 cm
ht = 20 cm
d = 2.5 cm
h = 20 - 2.5
= 17.5 cm

ho = α M
b
= 0.2731 215730
100
= 12.6846 cm ho = 12.6846 cm < hmin = 15 cm
(digunakan tulangan tunggal)

h
α hit =
Mmax
b

17.5
=
215730
100
= 0.3768 α < α hit
0.2731 < 0.3768

Trial Mencari ξ

Tugas Baja II 2013 II - 42

 σ' b σa 1 1
ξ = α =
Kg / cm2 n . σ' b 1 + ( σ a / n. σ' b) 1/2 . σ'b . ξ . (1 - ξ/3)

54 2.5926 0.2783 0.3830

54.5 2.5688 0.2802 0.3801

55 2.5455 0.282 0.3773

55.08 2.5418 0.2823 0.3768

Dari tabel Trial diperoleh :

σ' b = 55.08 Kg / cm2
ξ = 0.2823
α = 0.3768 = α hit

1
β =
σ a . α . (1 - ξ/3)
1
=
1400 . 0.3768 . ( 1- 0.2823 / 3)
= 0.0021

ω = β / α
= 0.0021 / 0.3768
= 0.0056

A' = ω. b . h
= 0.0056 . 100 . 17.5
= 9.7187 cm2

Dicoba tulangan pokok Ø : 14 mm = 1.4 cm

S = 1 / 4. π . d 2 . b
A'
= 1 / 4. 3.14 . 1.4 2 . 100
9.7187
= 15.83134 cm ≈ 15 cm

Dicoba tulangan bagi Ø : 8 mm = 0.8 cm

Tugas Baja II 2013 II - 43

 S = 1 / 4. π . d 2 . b
20% . A'

= 1 / 4. 3.14 . 0.8 2 . 100

1.9437
= 25.84708 cm ≈ 25 cm

Ü Digunakan Tulangan Pokok Ø 14 - 15

Ap = 1 / 4. π . d 2 . b
S perlu
= 1 / 4. 3.14 . 1.4 2 . 100
15
= 10.25733 cm2 A' < Ap
9.7187 < 10.25733

Ü Digunakan Tulangan Bagi Ø 8 - 25

Ab = 1 / 4. π . d 2 . b
S perlu
= 1 / 4. 3.14 . 0.8 2 . 100
25
= 2.0096 cm2 20% .A' < Ab
1.9437 < 2.0096

2.4.3 TIANG SANDARAN

A. Penulangan Tiang Sandaran Vertikal

200
110

16/16
64

16/25
145

Tegel + Spasi = 5 cm
20 25 36

Kerb 15/25
Aspal 10 cm
Slab 20 cm
Kerb tepi 15/25

170 196
Tugas Baja II 2013 II - 44
 170 196

- Bentang Jembatan (a) = 100 m

- Jarak Tiang Sandaran (b) = 2.0 m
- Jumlah Tiang Sandaran (c) = a / b + 1
= 100 / 2.0 + 1
= 51 buah

Ü Pipa Sandaran Dipilih : Tebal : 4.00 mm Ø : 3"

Berat : 7.13 Kg/m'
: 0.00713 t/m'

Ü Berat Tiang Sandaran : 16 x 16 dan 16 x 25

=( 0.16 . 0.16 . 0.64 . 2.4 . 51 )+ (( 0.16 + 0.25 ) . 0.16 . 0.36 . 2.4 . 51 )
2
= 3.4507 ton

Ü Berat Pipa Sandaran : 2 . 0.00713 . 100

= 1.426 ton

Ü Berat Tiang Sandaran dan Pipa :

= 3.4507 + 1.426
= 4.8767 ton

Jika diratakan memanjang maka dengan L = 100 m

q sandaran + tiang = 4.8767 / 100
= 0.0488 t/m' < 0.1 t/m'

Ü Menurut PPPJJR 1987 beban q Horizontal sebesar 100 Kg/m', bekerja pada ketinggian 90 cm
diatas lantai trotoar.

Momen yang membebani 1 tiang sandaran adalah

M = q . b . 0.9
= 100 . 2.0 . 0.9
= 180 Kg m
= 18000 Kg cm

1 Penulangan Bagian Atas (16 x 16 x 64)

α = 0.2731
b = 16 cm
ht = 16 cm
d = 2.5 cm

Tugas Baja II 2013 II - 45

 h = 16 - 2.5
= 13.5 cm

ho = α M
b
= 0.2731 18000
16
= 9.1601 cm ho = 9.1601 cm < ht = 16 cm
(digunakan tulangan tunggal)
h
α hit =
M
b

13.5
=
18000
16
= 0.4025 α < α hit
0.2731 < 0.4025

Trial Mencari ξ

σ' b σa 1 1
ξ = α =
Kg / cm2 n . σ' b 1 + ( σ a / n. σ' b) 1/2 . σ'b . ξ . (1 - ξ/3)

50 2.800 0.2632 0.4082

50.25 2.7861 0.2641 0.4065

50.5 2.7723 0.2651 0.4048

50.85 2.7532 0.2664 0.4025

Dari tabel Trial diperoleh :

σ' b = 50.85 Kg / cm2
ξ = 0.2664
α = 0.4025 = α hit

1
β =
σ a . α . (1 - ξ/3)
1
=
1400 . 0.4025 . ( 1- 0.2664 / 3)

Tugas Baja II 2013 II - 46

 = 0.0019

ω = β / α
= 0.0019 / 0.4025
= 0.0048

A' = ω. b . h
= 0.0048 . 16 . 13.5
= 1.0452 cm2

Dicoba tulangan pokok Ø : 10 mm = 1.0 cm

S = 1 / 4. π . d 2 . b
A'
= 1 / 4. 3.14 . 1 2 . 16
1.0452
= 12.01684 cm ≈ 10 cm

Dicoba tulangan bagi Ø : 6 mm = 0.6 cm

S = 1 / 4. π . d 2 . b
20% . A'

= 1 / 4. 3.14 . 0.6 2 . 16
0.2090
= 21.63031 cm ≈ 20 cm

Ü Digunakan Tulangan Pokok Ø 10 - 10

Ap = 1 / 4. π . d 2 . b
S perlu
= 1 / 4. 3.14 . 1 2 . 16
10
= 1.2560 cm2 A' < Ap
1.0452 < 1.2560

Ü Digunakan Tulangan Bagi Ø 6 - 20

Tugas Baja II 2013 II - 47

 Ab = 1 / 4. π . d 2 . b
S perlu
= 1 / 4. 3.14 . 0.6 2 . 16
20
= 0.2261 cm2 20% .A' < Ab
0.2090 < 0.2261

2 Penulangan Bagian Bawah (16 x 25 x 36)

M = 18000 Kg cm
α = 0.2731
b = 16 cm
ht = 25 cm
d = 2.5 cm
h = 25 - 2.5
= 22.5 cm

ho = α M
b
= 0.2731 18000
16
= 9.1601 cm ho = 9.1601 cm < ht = 25 cm
(digunakan tulangan tunggal)
h
α hit =
M
b

22.5
=
18000
16
= 0.6708 α < α hit
0.2731 < 0.6708
Trial Mencari ξ

σ' b σa 1 1
ξ = α =
Kg / cm2 n . σ' b 1 + ( σ a / n. σ' b) 1/2 . σ'b . ξ . (1 - ξ/3)

29 4.828 0.1716 0.6529

28.75 4.8696 0.1704 0.6579

28.5 4.9123 0.1691 0.6632

28.137 4.9757 0.1673 0.6708

Tugas Baja II 2013 II - 48

 Dari tabel Trial diperoleh :
σ' b = 28.137 Kg / cm2
ξ = 0.1673
α = 0.6708 = α hit

1
β =
σ a . α . (1 - ξ/3)
1
=
1400 . 0.6708 . ( 1- 0.1673 / 3)
= 0.0011

ω = β / α
= 0.0011 / 0.6708
= 0.0017

A' = ω. b . h
= 0.0017 . 16 . 22.5
= 0.6052 cm2

Dicoba tulangan pokok Ø : 10 mm = 1.0 cm

S = 1 / 4. π . d 2 . b
A'
= 1 / 4. 3.14 . 1 2 . 16
0.6052
= 20.75347 cm ≈ 10 cm

Dicoba tulangan bagi Ø : 6 mm = 0.6 cm

S = 1 / 4. π . d 2 . b
20% . A'
1 / 4. 3.14 . 0.6 2 . 16
=
0.1210
= 37.35625 cm ≈ 20 cm

Ü Digunakan Tulangan Pokok Ø 10 - 10

Ap = 1 / 4. π . d 2 . b
S perlu
= 1 / 4. 3.14 . 1 2 . 16
10
= 1.2560 cm2 A' < Ap
0.6052 < 1.2560

Tugas Baja II 2013 II - 49

 Ü Digunakan Tulangan Bagi Ø 6 - 20

Ab = 1 / 4. π . d 2 . b
S perlu
= 1 / 4. 3.14 . 0.6 2 . 16
20
= 0.2261 cm2 20% .A' < Ab
0.1210 < 0.2261

B. Tiang Sandaran Horizontal

q = 100 kg/m'
Mmax = 1 / 8. q . L 2
= 1 / 8. 100 . 2.0 2
= 50.00 Kg m
= 5000 Kg cm 200 cm

Digunakan Pipa Tebal : 4.00 mm Ø : 3" t

D = 7.63 cm y = d / 2
t = 0.40 cm = 6.83 / 2 d
d = D - 2t = 3.415 cm D
y
= 7.63 - ( 2 . 0.4 )
= 6.83 cm
I = Ix = Iy
= 1 / 64 . π . (D 4 - d 4 )
= 1 / 64 . 3.14 . ( 7.63 4 - 6.83 4 )
= 59.5171 cm4
σ = M.Y / I
= 5000 . 3.415 / 59.5171 σ < σa
= 286.8923 Kg/cm2 286.8923 < 1400

2.5 PERENCANAAN GELAGAR BOX GIRDERS

2.5.1 PEMBEBANAN DAN MOMEN-MOMEN
A. Beban Mati pada Tampang Baja (qDS)
- Beban Slab Beton : 0.2 . 13.7 . 2.4 . 1 = 6.5760 t/m'
- Beban Voute Composite (ditaksir) = 0.0000 t/m'
- Beban Box Girders (ditaksir) : 3.0 . 4 = 12.0000 t/m'
- Beban Sambungan dll (30% q Box Girders) = 3.6000 t/m'
qDS = 22.1760 t/m'

Tiap Box Girders memikul beban (qDS) = 22.1760

3
= 7.392 t/m'

Tugas Baja II 2013 II - 50

 MDS = 1 / 8 . qDS . L 2
= 1 / 8 . 7.3920 . 100 2
= 9240.0000 tm
= 924000000 Kg cm

B. Beban Mati pada Tampang Komposit (qDC)

- Beban Lapis Perkerasan/Aspal : 0.1 . 11.5 . 2.2 = 2.5300 t/m'
- Beban Air Hujan : 0.05 . 13.7 . 1. 1 = 0.6850 t/m'
- Beban Muatan Berguna = 0.1000 t/m'
- Beban Trotar + Tiang Sandaran = 0.0000 t/m'
(sudah dipikul Gelagar Tepi)
qDC = 3.3150 t/m'

Tiap Box Girders memikul beban (qDS) = 3.3150

3
= 1.105 t/m'
MDC = 1 / 8 . qDC . L 2
= 1 / 8 . 1.1050 . 100 2
= 1381.2500 tm
= 138125000 Kg cm

C. Beban Hidup (qLL) dan (QLL)

Berdasarkan PPPJJR 1987
Ü L = 100 m > 60 m
P = 1.1 .( 1 + 30 / L)
= 1.1 .( 1 + 30 / 100 )
= 1.4300 t/m/jalur

Tiap Box Girders memikul beban :

P' = 1 / 3 ( 2 . P + ( TL - 5.5 ) . P / 2 )
2.75
= 1 / 3 ( 2 . 1.4300 + ( 13.7 - 5.5 ) . 1.4300 / 2)
2.75
= 1.6640 t/m

Ü P = 12 t/jalur
Tiap Box Girders memikul beban :
P' = 1 / 3 ( 2 . P + ( TL - 5.5 ) . P / 2 )
2.75
= 1 / 3 ( 2 . 12.00 + ( 13.7 - 5.5 ) . 12.00 / 2)
2.75
= 13.9636 t/m

Bentang terluar sebagai trotoar

Tugas Baja II 2013 II - 51

 qtr = 60% . 1.105
= 0.6630 t/m

Faktor Kejut
fk = 1 + 20
50 + L
= 1+ 20
50 + 100
= 1.1333

Total qLL dan QLL

qLL = 1.6640 + 0.6630
= 2.3270 t/m

QLL = P' . fk
= 13.964 . 1.1333
= 15.8254 t

MLL = 1 / 8 . qLL . L 2 + 1 / 4 . QLL . L

= 1 / 8 . 2.3270 . 100 2 + 1/ 4. 15.8254 . 100
= 3304.385 tm
= 330438500 Kg cm

D. Momen Total (MT) dan S Perlu

MT = MDS + MDC + MLL

= 9240.0000 + 1381.2500 + 3304.3850
= 13925.6350 tm
= 1392563500 Kg cm

Jenis Baja σ = 3800 Kg/cm2

S perlu = MT
1.28 . σ
= 1392563500

Tugas Baja II 2013 II - 52

 1.28 . 3800
= 286300.0617 cm3
80 80

6
E. Rencana Box Girders Yang Digunakan

Digunakan Box Girders sebagai berikut :

Luas ( As ) = 4236 cm2 3 cm 3 cm
= 0.4236 m2
h = 3500 mm
b = 1960 mm

350
tsayap = 60 mm
tbadan = 30 mm
Lsayap = 800 mm (sayap atas 2 x 80 cm)
q = 7.85 t/m'

Kontrol Box Girders

6
Berat Box = q . A
196
= 7.85 . 0.4236
= 3.3253 t/m' Berat Box Girders < Berat Taksir
3.3253 t/m' < 4.000 t/m'

F. Elemen Box Girders

Plat Bawah
bf < L / 5
196 cm < 10000 / 5
196 cm < 2000 cm …………. OK

Plat Badan
fy = σa
fb = 0.6 . fy
= 0.6 . ( 1400 . 14.2234 . 10 -3 )
= 11.94766 ksi

hw/tw < 760 / fb

116.67 < 219.87 …………. OK

Plat Atas

bf 80
<
2 . ts fy
160 80
<
2. 6 19.913
13.3333 < 17.92769 …………. OK

Tugas Baja II 2013 II - 53

 G. Mencari Garis Netral Box Girders Ditinjau terhadap Sisi Bawah

Luas Jarak Luas x Jarak

Uraian
( cm2 ) ( cm ) ( cm3 )
2 Plat Atas 960 359 344640
2 Plat Badan 2100 181 380100
1 Pat Bawah 1176 3 3528
Jumlah 4236 728268

728268
ybs =
4236
= 171.9235 cm

yts = h - ybs
= 362 - 171.9235
= 190.0765 cm

Momen Inersia Box Girders

Ü 2. 1 / 12 . 80 . 63 = 2880 cm4
Ü 960 .( 359 - 171.9235 ) 2 = 33597707.60 cm4
Ü 2. 1 / 12 . 3 . 350 3 = 21437500 cm4
Ü 2100 .( 181 - 171.9235 ) 2 = 173003.50 cm4
Ü 1. 1 / 12 . 196 . 63 = 3528 cm4
Ü 1176 .( 3 - 171.9235 ) 2 = 33557340.115 cm4
Is = 88771959.22 cm4

Is
Sbs =
ybs
88771959.22
=
171.9235
= 516345.6574 cm3 S perlu < Sbs
286300.0617 cm3 < 516345.6574 cm3

Is
Sts =
yts
88771959.22
=
190.0765
= 467032.8272 cm3 S perlu < Sts
286300.0617 cm3 < 467032.8272 cm3

H. Lebar Efektif (Le)

Le = 1 / 4. L = 1/ 4. 100 = 25.0 m

Tugas Baja II 2013 II - 54

 Le = 12 . ts = 12 . 20 = 240 cm = 2.4 m
Le = S = 1.96 m
Le = bfb + 2 .( 1 / 2 . S )
= 196 + 2 .( 1 / 2 . 196 ) = 392 cm = 3.92 m
Le berdasarkan tabel
Untuk lantai yang mempunyai tanda Momen yang sama sepanjang Jembatan

B/L ≤ 0,05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 ≥ 0,30

λ/b 1.0 0.89 0.78 0.68 0.58 0.5 λ/L = 0,15

( S - b fa )
b =
L
( 1.96 - 0.80 )
=
2.0
= 0.58 m

b / L = 0.58 / 100
= 0.0058 λ/b = 1
λ = 1. b
= 1 . 0.58
= 0.58 m
Le = bfb + 2λ
= 1.96 + 2 . 0.58
= 3.12 m

Jadi digunakan Le = 3.92 m

2.5.2 ANALISIS KOMPOSIT

80 80
Le = 392 cm
ts = 20

ycc
g.n.c ytc

y2
y1 yts

g.n.s ybc
h = 362

Tugas Baja II 2013 ybs II - 55

 g.n.s ybc
h = 362

ybs

196 cm
A. Beban Hidup
k = 1
n = 10

Ü Statis Momen terhadap Sisi Bawah

ds = ybs As . ds
Baja As = 4236 = 171.9235 cm 4236 . 171.9235
= 728268.000 cm3
Ac = Le . ts dc = h + e + (ts/2) Ac . dc
k . n = 362 + 0 + ( 20 / 2) 784 . 372
Beton = 392 . 20 = 372 cm = 291648.000 cm3
1 . 10
= 784 cm2
Jumlah Σ A = 5020.000 cm2 Σ Ad = 1019916.000 cm3

ybc (As . ds + Ac . dc) Σ Ad

= =
As + Ac ΣA
1019916.000
=
5020.000
= 203.1705 cm

ytc = h - ybc
= 362 - 203.1705
= 158.8295 cm

ycc = ytc + e + ts
= 158.8295 + 0 + 20
= 178.8295 cm

y1 = ybc - ybs
= 203.1705 - 171.9235
= 31.247 cm

y2 = yts + e + ts / 2
= 190.0765 + 0 + 20 / 2
= 200.0765 cm

Tugas Baja II 2013 II - 56

 Ic = Is + 1/ 12 . Ac . ts 2 + As . y1 . y2
= 88771959.22 + 1 / 12 . 784 . 20 2 + 4236 . 31.247 . 200.0765
= 115280674.9795 cm4

Stc = Ic
ytc
= 115280674.9795
158.8295
= 725814.002 cm3 S perlu < Stc
286300.0617 cm3 < 725814.002 cm3

Sbc = Ic
ybc
= 115280674.980
203.1705
= 567408.531 cm3 S perlu < Stc
286300.0617 cm3 < 567408.531 cm3

Scc = Ic
ycc
= 115280674.980
178.8295
= 644640.1459 cm3 S perlu < Stc
286300.0617 cm3 < 644640.1459 cm3

Ü Kontrol Tegangan

fts = MDS
Sts
= 924000000
467032.8272
= 1978.4477 Kg/cm2 fts < σ baja
1978.4477 Kg/cm2 < 3800 Kg/cm2

fbs = MDS
Sbs
= 924000000
516345.6574
= 1789.4989 Kg/cm2 fbs < σ baja
1789.4989 Kg/cm2 < 3800 Kg/cm2

ftc = MDC fbc = MDC

Stc Sbc
= 138125000 = 138125000
725814.002 567408.531

Tugas Baja II 2013 II - 57

 = 190.3036 Kg/cm2 = 243.4313 Kg/cm2

fcc = MDC
K . n . Scc
= 138125000
1 . 10 . 644640.146
= 21.4267 Kg/cm2
ftcl = MLL fbcl = MLL
Stc Sbc
= 330438500 = 330438500
725814.002 567408.531
= 455.2661 Kg/cm2 = 582.3643 Kg/cm2

fccl = MLL
K . n . Scc
= 330438500
1 . 10 . 644640.146
= 51.2594 Kg/cm2

B. Beban Mati
k = 3
n = 10

Ü Statis Momen terhadap Sisi Bawah

ds = ybs As . ds
Baja As = 4236 = 171.9235 cm 4236 . 171.9235
= 728268.0000 cm3
Ac = Le . ts dc = h + e + (ts/2) Ac . dc
k . n = 362 + 0 + ( 20 / 2) 261.33 . 372
Beton = 392 . 20 = 372 cm = 97216.0 cm3
3 . 10
= 261.33 cm2
Jumlah Σ A = 4497.333 cm2 Σ Ad = 825484.000 cm3

ybc (As . ds + Ac . dc) Σ Ad

= =
As + Ac ΣA
825484.000
=
4497.333
= 183.5497 cm

Tugas Baja II 2013 II - 58

 ytc = h - ybc
= 362 - 183.5497
= 178.4503 cm

ycc = ytc + e + ts
= 178.4503 + 0 + 20
= 198.4503 cm

y1 = ybc - ybs
= 183.5497 - 171.9235
= 11.6262 cm

y2 = yts + e + ts / 2
= 190.0765 + 0 + 20 / 2
= 200.0765 cm
Ic = Is + 1/ 12 . Ac . ts 2 + As . y1 . y2
= 88771959.22 + 1 / 12 . 261.33 . 20 2 + 4236 . 11.6262 . 200.08
= 98634153.8580 cm4

Stc = Ic
ytc
= 98634153.858
178.4503
= 552726.187 cm3 S perlu < Stc
286300.0617 cm3 < 552726.1868 cm3

Sbc = Ic
ybc
= 98634153.858
183.5497
= 537370.281 cm3 S perlu < Stc
286300.0617 cm3 < 537370.281 cm3

Scc = Ic
ycc
= 98634153.858
198.4503
= 497021.944 cm3 S perlu < Stc
286300.0617 cm3 < 497021.9438 cm3

Ü Kontrol Tegangan

fts = MDS
Sts
= 924000000

Tugas Baja II 2013 II - 59

 467032.8272
= 1978.4477 Kg/cm2 fts < σ baja
1978.4477 Kg/cm2 < 3800 Kg/cm2
fbs = MDS
Sbs
= 924000000
516345.6574
= 1789.4989 Kg/cm2 fbs < σ baja
1789.4989 Kg/cm2 < 3800 Kg/cm2

ftc = MDC fbc = MDC

Stc Sbc
= 138125000 = 138125000
552726.187 537370.281
= 249.8977 Kg/cm2 = 257.0388 Kg/cm2

fcc = MDC
K . n . Scc
= 138125000
3 . 10 . 497021.944
= 9.2635 Kg/cm2

ftcl = MLL fbcl = MLL

Stc Sbc
= 330438500 = 330438500
552726.187 537370.281
= 597.834 Kg/cm2 = 614.9177 Kg/cm2

fccl = MLL
K . n . Scc
= 330438500
3 . 10 . 497021.944
= 22.1612 Kg/cm2

C. Tabel Tegangan

Teg
ft fb fc
Bgn ( Kg/cm2 ) ( Kg/cm2 ) ( Kg/cm2 )
Ds 1978.4477 1789.4989 0

Dc 249.8977 257.0388 9.2635 K=3

LL 455.2661 582.3643 51.2594 K=1

Tugas Baja II 2013 II - 60

 LL 455.2661 582.3643 51.2594 K=1

Jumlah Σ ft = 2683.6115 Σ fb = 2628.902 Σ fc = 60.5229

Kesimpulan tegangan yang timbul

Ü Box Girders : ft = 2683.6115 Kg/cm2 < σ baja = 3800 Kg/cm2
fb = 2628.902 Kg/cm2 < σ baja = 3800 Kg/cm2

Ü Pada Beton : fc = 60.5229 Kg/cm2 < σ beton = 82.5 Kg/cm2

Ü Jadi Box Girders Dapat Digunakan

2.5.3 ANALISIS PENAHAN GESER

Ditinjau 1/2 bentang jembatan = 1 / 2 . 100 = 50 meter, yang dibagi 5 bagian / panel
dengan jarak 1 panel = 50 / 5 = 10 meter, pada beban K = 1

A. VC Akibat qDS dan qDC

V1
V2
V3 V4
V5

1000 cm 1000 cm 1000 cm 1000 cm 1000 cm

q = qDS + qDC
= 7.3920 + 1.1050
= 8.4970 t/m
Vmax = V1 = 1 / 2 . q . L
= 1 / 2 . 8.4970 . 100
= 424.850 ton
V2 = 4 / 5 . 424.850 = 339.880 ton
V3 = 3 / 5 . 424.850 = 254.910 ton
V4 = 2 / 5 . 424.850 = 169.940 ton
V5 = 1 / 5 . 424.850 = 84.970 ton

B. VC Akibat qLL (q dan Q akibat Muatan D)

qD=qLL = 2.3270 t/m'

QD=QLL = 15.8254 ton

Tugas Baja II 2013 II - 61

 Vn = ( L - a ) 2 1 / 2 . qD . L + ( L - a ) . QD
L L

Ü a1 = 0
V1 = 1 / 2 . qD . L + QD
= 1 / 2 . 2.3270 . 100 + 15.8254
= 132.175 ton

Ü a2 = 10 m

V2 = ( 100 - 10 ) 2 . 1 / 2 . 2.3270 . 100 + ( 100 - 10 ) . 15.8254

100 100
= 108.4864 ton

Ü a3 = 20 m

V3 = ( 100 - 20 ) 2 . 1 / 2 . 2.3270 . 100 + ( 100 - 20 ) . 15.8254

100 100
= 87.1243 ton

Ü a4 = 30 m

V4 = ( 100 - 30 ) 2 . 1 / 2 . 2.3270 . 100 + ( 100 - 30 ) . 15.8254

100 100
= 68.0893 ton

Ü a5 = 40 m

V5 = ( 100 - 40 ) 2 . 1 / 2 . 2.3270 . 100 + ( 100 - 40 ) . 15.8254

100 100
= 51.3812 ton

C. Total VC Akibat qDS, qDC dan qLL

V1 = 424.850 + 132.175 = 557.0254 ton

V2 = 339.880 + 108.4864 = 448.3664 ton
V3 = 254.910 + 87.1243 = 342.0343 ton
V4 = 169.940 + 68.0893 = 238.0293 ton
V5 = 84.970 + 51.3812 = 136.3512 ton

D. Perhitungan Shear Conector

Dari perhitungan diatas diperoleh :

Tugas Baja II 2013 II - 62

 qD = 2.3270 t/m'
QD = 15.8254 ton
MDS = 9240.0000 tm
MDC = 1381.2500 tm
MLL = 3304.3850 tm
Sbc = 567408.5312 cm3 untuk k = 1
Sbs = 516345.6574 cm3
Is = 88771959.2181 cm4
ybs = 171.9235 cm

MDC
Cmc =
MLL
= 1381.2500
3304.385
= 0.418

MDS
Cmi =
MLL
= 9240.0000
3304.385
= 2.7963

Sbc
cs =
Sbs
= 567408.5312
516345.6574
= 1.0989

LLFS = 2.7 ( 1 + Cmc + ( Cmi . cs ) ) - ( Cmc + Cmi )

= 2.7 . ( 1 + 0.4180 + ( 2.7963 . 1.0989 ) ) - ( 0.4180 + 2.7963 )
= 8.911

Ü Pada jarak 1/2 bentang jembatan = 50 m

V1' = 424.850 ton
V1" = 132.175 ton
V1'
CV1 =
V1"
424.850
=
132.175
= 3.2143
LLFS + CV1
FS1 = ( )
1 + CV1
8.9110 + 3.2143
= ( )
1 + 3.2143
= 2.8772

Tugas Baja II 2013 II - 63

 Ü Pada jarak a2 = 10 m dari setengah bentang jembatan
V2' = 339.880 ton
V2" = 108.486 ton
V2'
CV2 =
V2"
339.880
=
108.486
= 3.1329
LLFS + CV2
FS2 = ( )
1 + CV2
8.9110 + 3.1329
= ( )
1 + 3.1329
= 2.9142

Ü Pada jarak a3 = 20 m dari setengah bentang jembatan

V3' = 254.910 ton
V3" = 87.124 ton
V3'
CV3 =
V3"
254.910
=
87.124
= 2.9258
LLFS + CV3
FS3 = ( )
1 + CV3
8.9110 + 2.9258
= ( )
1 + 2.9258
= 3.0151

Ü Pada jarak a4 = 30 m dari setengah bentang jembatan

V4' = 169.940 ton
V4" = 68.089 ton
V4'
CV4 =
V4"
169.940
=
68.089
= 2.4958
LLFS + CV4
FS4 = ( )
1 + CV4
8.9110 + 2.4958
= ( )
1 + 2.4958
= 3.2630

Ü Pada jarak a5 = 40 m dari setengah bentang jembatan

V5' = 84.970 ton

Tugas Baja II 2013 II - 64

 V5" = 51.381 ton
V5'
CV5 =
V5"
84.970
=
51.381
= 1.6537
LLFS + CV5
FS5 = ( )
1 + CV5
8.9110 + 1.6537
= ( )
1 + 1.6537
= 3.9811

D. Perhitungan Jarak Paku/Baut

Digunakan Paku/Baut Ø db = 2.0 cm dan tinggi paku/baut = hb = 20 cm
hb = 20 cm
db = 2.0 cm
hb/db = 10 > 5.5
Maka :
Quc = 55 . db 2 . σ beton
= 55 . 2.0 2 . 82.5
= 1998.2492 Kg

k = 1
n = 10
Ic = 115280674.9795 cm4
ycc = 178.8295 cm
Le . ts
m = ( ) . ( ycc - ts / 2 )
k . n
392 . 20
= ( ) . ( 178.8295 - 20 / 2 )
1 . 10
= 132362.3280 cm3

S1 = V1 . m
Ic
= 557.0254 . 1000 . 132362.328
115280674.9795
= 639.5623 Kg

S2 = V2 . m
Ic
= 448.3664 . 1000 . 132362.328
115280674.9795
= 514.8029 Kg

S3 = V3 . m

Tugas Baja II 2013 II - 65

 Ic
= 342.0343 . 1000 . 132362.328
115280674.9795
= 392.7151 Kg

S4 = V4 . m
Ic
= 238.0293 . 1000 . 132362.328
115280674.9795
= 273.2992 Kg

S5 = V5 . m
Ic
= 136.3512 . 1000 . 132362.328
115280674.9795
= 156.5550 Kg

Dicoba 1 deret terdiri dari 7 baris paku/baut untuk 1 sayap atas

12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12

n . Quc
P1 =
s1 . Fs1
14 . 1998.2492
=
639.5623 . 2.8772
= 15.2028 cm ≈ 15 cm

n . Quc
P2 =
s2 . Fs2
14 . 1998.2492
=
514.8029 . 2.9142
= 18.6474 cm ≈ 20 cm
n . Quc
P3 =
s3 . Fs3
14 . 1998.2492
=

Tugas Baja II 2013 II - 66

 =
392.7151 . 3.0151
= 23.6264 cm ≈ 25 cm

n . Quc
P4 =
s4 . Fs4
14 . 1998.2492
=
273.2992 . 3.2630
= 31.3706 cm ≈ 30 cm

n . Quc
P5 =
s5 . Fs5
14 . 1998.2492
=
156.5550 . 3.9811
= 44.8857 cm ≈ 40 cm

Tabel Perhitungan Shear Connector

Quc m Vc Ic Jarak Panjang
No Fs Jumlah
(Kg) (cm3) (Kg) (cm4) (cm) (cm)

1 1998.2492 132362.3280 557025.4 115280674.9795 2.8772 15 67 1000

2 1998.2492 132362.3280 448366.4 115280674.9795 2.9142 20 50 1000

3 1998.2492 132362.3280 342034 115280674.9795 3.0151 25 40 1000

4 1998.2492 132362.3280 238029.3 115280674.9795 3.2630 30 33 1000

5 1998.2492 132362.3280 136351.2 115280674.9795 3.9811 40 25 1000

Jumlah 215 5000

Σ Panjang = 5000 cm ≤ 1 / 2 . L
= 5000 cm ≤ 1 / 2 . 10000
= 5000 cm ≤ 5000 cm
2.6 KONTROL KOMBINASI MUATAN
2.6.1 MUATAN PRIMER
A. Akibat Beban Mati

MDS = 9240.000 tm
MDC = 1381.250 tm

B. Akibat Beban Hidup

MLL = 3304.3850 tm

2.6.2 MUATAN SEKUNDER

Tugas Baja II 2013 II - 67

 A. Gaya Akibat Muatan Angin (A)

125 Kg/cm2

200
2010
175

362
196 196 196

Jarak Antar Roda = 175 cm

Muatan Angin = 125 Kg/cm2
Jarak Antar Box Girders = 196 cm

Luas Bidang Tekan ( A ) = L . h

= 100 . 5.92
= 592.00 m2
= 5920000 cm2
Gaya Tekan (P) = 125 . 5920000
= 740000000 Kg

R = P
175
= 740000000
175
= 4228571.43 Kg/cm
= 42285.7143 Kg/m

Tugas Baja II 2013 II - 68

 M = 1/ 4. R . L
= 1 / 4 . 42285.7143 . 100
= 1057142.8575 Kgm
= 105714285.75 Kgcm

B. Gaya Akibat Suhu (T)

Penurunan suhu (t) sebesar 15 0C

E Baja = 2100000 Kg/cm2
λ = 0.000012 per 0C (Koefisien Muai)
T = E . λ . t
= 2100000 . 0.000012 . 15
= 378 Kg/cm2

C. Gaya Akibat Susut dan Rangkak (SR)

SR = T = 378 Kg/cm2

D. Gaya Akibat Rem dan Traksi (R)

Gaya rem 5% dari beban D tanpa koefisien kejut

R = 0.05 (( L . qLL ) + QLL )

= 0.05 (( 100 . 2.3270 ) + ( 15.8254 )
= 12.4263 t

180
R
e = 5.72

20 10
M = R . e
= 12.4263 . 5.72
= 71.07844 tm

362

196 196 196

2.6.3 MUATAN KHUSUS
A. Gaya Akibat Gempa Bumi (GB)
E = 0.12 (Lokasi Baubau termasuk wilayah gempa 2)
dianggap struktur terletak diatas tanah keras

G = L ( qDS + qDC )
= 100 ( 7.3920 + 1.1050 )

Tugas Baja II 2013 II - 69

 = 849.7000 t

GB = E . G
= 0.12 . 849.7000
= 101.964 t

M = 1 / 4 . GB . L
= 1 / 4 . 101.964 . 100
= 2549.100 tm
= 254910000 Kg cm

B. Gaya Akibat Tumpuan Bergerak (F)

F = 0.01 . G
= 0.01 . 849.7000
= 8.497 t

2.7 MUATAN KOMBINASI I (M + H + Ta + Tu) ≤ σ BAJA = 3600 Kg/cm2

2.7.1 GAYA AKIBAT BEBAN MATI ( K = 3 )
A. Pada Steal Beam

fts = 1978.4477 Kg/cm2

fbs = 1789.4989 Kg/cm2
fcs = 0

B. Pada Composite Beam

ftc = 249.8977 Kg/cm2

fbc = 257.0388 Kg/cm2
fcc = 9.2635 Kg/cm2

2.7.2 GAYA AKIBAT BEBAN HIDUP ( K = 1 )

ftcl = 455.2661 Kg/cm2

fbcl = 582.3643 Kg/cm2
fccl = 51.2594 Kg/cm2

2.7.3 GAYA AKIBAT BEBAN KHUSUS

Kombinasi muatan terhadap beban khusus tidak diperhitungkan
Ü Gaya akibat tekanan tanah (Ta) = 0
Ü Gaya akibat aliran arus dan hanyutan (Tu) = 0

2.7.4 TABEL TEGANGAN YANG TERJADI

Beban ft (Kg/cm2) fb (Kg/cm2) fc (Kg/cm2)

Tugas Baja II 2013 II - 70

 Beban ft (Kg/cm2) fb (Kg/cm2) fc (Kg/cm2)

Dsb 1978.4477 1789.4989 0

Dcb 249.8977 257.0388 9.2635
H 455.2661 582.3643 51.2594
Ta 0 0 0
Tu 0 0 0
Jumlah Σ = 2683.6115 Σ = 2628.902 Σ = 60.5229

Σ ft = 2683.6115 Kg/cm2 < σ BAJA = 3800 Kg/cm2

Σ fb = 2628.902 Kg/cm2 < σ BAJA = 3800 Kg/cm2
Σ fc = 60.5229 Kg/cm2 < σ Beton = 82.5 Kg/cm2

2.8 MUATAN KOMBINASI II (M + A + SR + T + F + Ta + Tu) < 125% σ BAJA

2.8.1 GAYA AKIBAT BEBAN MATI ( K = 3 )

A. Pada Steal Beam

fts = 1978.4477 Kg/cm2

fbs = 1789.4989 Kg/cm2
fcs = 0

B. Pada Composite Beam

ftc = 249.8977 Kg/cm2

fbc = 257.0388 Kg/cm2
fcc = 9.2635 Kg/cm2

2.8.2 GAYA AKIBAT GAYA ANGIN ( A ) , K = 1

M = 105714285.75 Kgcm
ft = M / Stc
= 105714285.75 / 725814.002
= 145.6493 Kg/cm2

fb = M / Sbc
= 105714285.75 / 567408.531
= 186.3107 Kg/cm2

fc = M
k . n . Scc
= 105714285.75
1 . 10 . 644640.1459
= 16.399 Kg/cm2

Tugas Baja II 2013 II - 71

 2.8.3 GAYA AKIBAT SUSUT DAN RANGKAK (SR)

ft = SR = 378 Kg/cm2
fb = SR = 378 Kg/cm2
fc = 0

2.8.4 GAYA AKIBAT PERBEDAAN SUHU (T)

ft = SR = 378 Kg/cm2
fb = SR = 378 Kg/cm2
fc = 0

2.8.5 GAYA AKIBAT TUMPUAN BERGERAK (F), K = 1

M = 1 / 8. F . L
= 1 / 8 . 8.4970 . 100
= 106.21250 tm
= 10621250 Kg cm

ft = M / Stc
= 10621250.00 / 725814.002
= 14.6336 Kg/cm2

fb = M / Sbc
= 10621250.00 / 567408.531
= 18.7189 Kg/cm2

fc = M
k . n . Scc
= 10621250.00
1 . 10 . 644640.1459
= 1.6476 Kg/cm2

2.8.6 GAYA AKIBAT TEKANAN TANAH (Ta)

Ta = 0 Diabaikan

2.8.7 GAYA AKIBAT ALIRAN ARUS DAN HANYUTAN (Tu)

Tu = 0 Diabaikan

2.8.8 TABEL TEGANGAN YANG TERJADI

Beban ft (Kg/cm2) fb (Kg/cm2) fc (Kg/cm2)

Tugas Baja II 2013 II - 72

 Dsb 1978.4477 1789.4989 0
Dcb 249.8977 257.0388 9.2635
A 145.6493 186.3107 16.399
SR 378.0000 378 0
T 378.0000 378 0
F 14.6336 18.7189 1.6476
Ta 0 0 0
Tu 0 0 0
Jumlah Σ = 3144.6283 Σ = 3007.5673 Σ = 27.3101

Σ ft = 3144.6283 Kg/cm2 < 125% σ BAJA = 4750 Kg/cm2

Σ fb = 3007.5673 Kg/cm2 < 125% σ BAJA = 4750 Kg/cm2
Σ fc = 27.3101 Kg/cm2 < σ Beton = 82.5 Kg/cm2

2.9 MUATAN KOMBINASI III (KOMBINASI I + R + F + A + SR + u) < 140% σ BAJA

2.9.1 KOMBINASI I

ft = 2683.6115 Kg/cm2
fb = 2628.9020 Kg/cm2
fc = 60.5229 Kg/cm2

2.9.2 GAYA AKIBAT REM DAN TRAKSI ( R ) , K = 1

M = 71.08 tm
= 7107843.60 Kgcm
ft = M / Stc
= 7107843.60 / 725814.002
= 9.7929 Kg/cm2

fb = M / Sbc
= 7107843.60 / 567408.531
= 12.5269 Kg/cm2

fc = M
k . n . Scc
= 7107843.60
1 . 10 . 644640.1459
= 1.1026 Kg/cm2

2.9.3 GAYA AKIBAT TUMPUAN BERGERAK (F), K = 1

Tugas Baja II 2013 II - 73

 M = 1 / 8. F . L
= 1 / 8 . 8.4970 . 100
= 106.21250 tm
= 10621250 Kg cm

ft = M / Stc
= 10621250.00 / 725814.002
= 14.6336 Kg/cm2

fb = M / Sbc
= 10621250.00 / 567408.531
= 18.7189 Kg/cm2

fc = M
k . n . Scc
= 10621250.00
1 . 10 . 644640.1459
= 1.6476 Kg/cm2

2.9.4 GAYA AKIBAT GAYA ANGIN ( A ) , K = 1

M = 105714285.75 Kgcm
ft = M / Stc
= 105714285.75 / 725814.002
= 145.6493 Kg/cm2

fb = M / Sbc
= 105714285.75 / 567408.531
= 186.3107 Kg/cm2

fc = M
k . n . Scc
= 105714285.75
1 . 10 . 644640.1459
= 16.399 Kg/cm2

2.9.5 GAYA AKIBAT SUSUT DAN RANGKAK (SR)

ft = SR = 378 Kg/cm2
fb = SR = 378 Kg/cm2
fc = 0

2.9.6 GAYA AKIBAT PERBEDAAN SUHU (T)

ft = SR = 378 Kg/cm2

Tugas Baja II 2013 II - 74

 fb = SR = 378 Kg/cm2
fc = 0

2.9.7 TABEL TEGANGAN YANG TERJADI

Beban ft (Kg/cm2) fb (Kg/cm2) fc (Kg/cm2)

Kombinasi I 2683.6115 2628.9020 60.5229

R 9.7929 12.5269 1.1026
F 14.6336 18.7189 1.6476
A 145.6493 186.3107 16.399
SR 378.0000 378 0
T 378 378 0
Jumlah Σ = 3609.6873 Σ = 3602.4585 Σ = 79.6721

Σ ft = 3609.6873 Kg/cm2 < 140% σ BAJA = 5320 Kg/cm2

Σ fb = 3602.4585 Kg/cm2 < 140% σ BAJA = 5320 Kg/cm2
Σ fc = 79.6721 Kg/cm2 < σ Beton = 82.5 Kg/cm2

2.10 MUATAN KOMBINASI IV (M + Ta + Tu + GB) < 150% σ BAJA

2.10.1 GAYA AKIBAT BEBAN MATI ( K = 3 )

A. Pada Steal Beam

fts = 1978.4477 Kg/cm2

fbs = 1789.4989 Kg/cm2
fcs = 0

B. Pada Composite Beam

ftc = 249.8977 Kg/cm2

fbc = 257.0388 Kg/cm2
fcc = 9.2635 Kg/cm2

2.10.2 GAYA AKIBAT TEKANAN TANAH (Ta)

Ta = 0 Diabaikan

Tugas Baja II 2013 II - 75

 2.10.3 GAYA AKIBAT ALIRAN ARUS DAN HANYUTAN (Tu)

Tu = 0 Diabaikan

2.10.4 GAYA AKIBAT GEMPA BUMI (BB), K = 1

M = 2549.10000 tm
= 254910000 Kg cm

ft = M / Stc
= 254910000.00 / 725814.002
= 351.2057 Kg/cm2

fb = M / Sbc
= 254910000.00 / 567408.531
= 449.253 Kg/cm2

fc = M
k . n . Scc
= 254910000.00
1 . 10 . 644640.1459
= 39.543 Kg/cm2

2.10.5 TABEL TEGANGAN YANG TERJADI

Beban ft (Kg/cm2) fb (Kg/cm2) fc (Kg/cm2)

Dsb 1978.4477 1789.4989 0

Dcb 249.8977 257.0388 9.2635
Ta 0 0 0
Tu 0 0 0
GB 351.2057 449.253 39.543
Jumlah Σ = 2579.5511 Σ = 2495.7907 Σ = 48.8065

Σ ft = 2579.5511 Kg/cm2 < 150% σ BAJA = 5700 Kg/cm2

Σ fb = 2495.7907 Kg/cm2 < 150% σ BAJA = 5700 Kg/cm2
Σ fc = 48.8065 Kg/cm2 < σ Beton = 82.5 Kg/cm2

2.11 KESIMPULAN

Tugas Baja II 2013 II - 76

 Jembatan Box Girders aman untuk digunakan

Tugas Baja II 2013 II - 77

 2080
99 100 4
21.0101 25 0.25
1.6
12
0.133333

σ 2.7
1.5
7
10.5
3.2
3/4 11 1.6 13.7
0.75 13.7 1370
1.905 640

7.62 141550 0.25

170950
0.82802

1400 3.615702 43.3

8 195995.8 48.42
10 48
47.9

2.016667
2.54
6.35 6.05 be=bf+2b'
2.574468

7.62 100

1.4 7402.5
0.3
1.1
0.55 1.1
1.7 0.045833 1.4 15.36

20 28638.1
15 2413.342 48266.84 = 1.9540
 Vmax 36200.13 = V1
= 1
= 11.724
4.00 23.448
6 20.00 9.52381
8 15.00
10 12.00 20-Feb
12 10.00
15 8.00

4
0.25
1 : 400 290 cm
188.5 754.00 36250
94.250 377.00
565.5 2262.00

0.65
1.3 12
1200
348000 cm2
34.80

348000
198857.1

254

21.16667
15

bf 180 cm 15 12
ts 6 cm 6
12
90 20.16865
1400 1400
19.91276 14.2234
 11.94766
133.3333
390 195.0
3
6 3.92

390 1.6
12 0.3
402.0 1.3
0.65
 10.19219569
10.193679918

1.6
55
74.25
e=4700Vfc'
e=15100Vfc' e=4700Vfc'
250 15.811388301 24.516625 4.9514265621
kg 238751.96334 kg/cm2 kg 23271.70484
232717.04842

2520 225
0.33 15
ra 4.95
2.8925 1001.962 5040
2.8914 1120.012704 0.504
2.9166 1119.9744 10000
2.9227 1119.97864 400
239
15 2.5 161 3200
7.5 14 3
15 20 2.54 7.62
15
100
10 1.330
+ 40 s 0.8034
56000 2.2
56100 14

20
2.1

1.9540 t/m
 = 1
/ 2.
11.724

0.2 5
20
0.5 2

1 : 200 1 : 5000
377 754.00 150.8 75400 1508 754
188.5 377.00 75.4 37700 754
1131.00 2262.00 452.4 226200 4524
12 1200
419 5028
838 8380 150.8
6704
5028
3352
1676
30168
2514 13.2 3.4
9.8
1.96
3.92 100
3600 4.04 100
3.92 400 11.9477 3.9
3 4.02
133.33333333 219.8727649

3900
bentang 100000 mm 30
1/10 L 8333.333 8.3333333333 4.1666666667 133.33333333
1/15 L 6666.667

65 196 260

180 65.333333333 180 86.666666667 90

1.25 1.0888888889 80 180
160
5 0.9
4.1
2.05
 0.0981142857142857

1213.25163094883

24.52 4.9517673613
Mpa 25742960.202 kN/m2 kg 74771.68715
74.771687155

n
11.1780686293492 3.233256
9.99988657271516 2.891367
10.0002285766532 2.916667
10.000190717923 2.922756

11.5

9.52380952380952
 / 2. q . L
1.9540 . 12

8.3333333333 4.16666666666667
7.8125 3.9063

130.00
( 2+ #REF! + #REF! + #REF! ) . 1

200 10 20 10 70 2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.7

310 3.1
41850 kg/cm 418.5 kg/m

196
2.4 2.6
12 13 16.2
13.2 3.2
392 1.6
196
. #REF!

0.25
4
562
1100 538 269
550
80
110
81
29

155
35
190
95
60