LAMPIRAN B

PERHITUNGAN NERACA PANAS

Kapasitas Produksi : 13.000 ton/tahun

Operasi Pabrik : 300 hari/tahun
Basis Perhitungan : 1 jam operasi

Panas yang dihitung pada neraca panas ini, meliputi :

 Panas sensibel, yang dihitung terjadi perubahan temperatur. (Yaws, 1999)
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
Q : Panas yang dihasilkan/dikeluarkan, kJ.
Cp : Kapasitas panas, kJ/kmol.K.
n : Mol senyawa, kmol.
∆T : Selisih temperatur ref dan temperature senyawa, oC.
Keterangan :
T
Cp . ∆T= ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ ( A + B. T + CT 2 + D T3 + E T4 ) dt
To

B 2 C 3 D 4 E 5
Cp . ∆T = A ( T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To )
2 3 4 5
Harga A, B, C, D, dan E untuk masing–masing senyawa dapat dilihat pada tabel
berikut :
Cp, liquid (kJ/kmol. K)
Komponen
A B C D E
KOH(l) 71,429 0,0422 -0,000048 0,0000000172
H2O(l) 92,053 -0,03995 -0,000211 0,000000535
(Sumber: Yaws, C. L., 1999)

Cp,gas (kJ/kmol. K)
Komponen
A B C D E
CO2(g) 27,437 0,042315 -0,0000196 0.00000054
H2O(g) 33,933 -0,0084186 0,00002991 -1,7825E-08 3,6934E-12

103
 N2 (g) 29,342 -0,0035395 0,000010076 -4,3116E-09 2,5935E-13
O2 (g) 29,526 -0,0088999 0,000038083 -3,2629E-08 8,8607E-12
(Sumber: Yaws, C. L., 1999)

Menurut Hurst and Horrison Chemical Engineering Hand Book page 350,
kapasitas panas masing-masing senyawa (fase solids & liquids) dapat dihitung
menggunakan rumus berikut :

Specific Heat Capacity (kJ/kg°K)¿

Total Heat Capacity of theelements ( kmol
kJ
° K)

Total Mol Mass of the elemnts (

kmol )
kg

 Cp KOH
Mol mass Cp of the element Cp
Element
(kg/kmol) (kJ/kmol.oK) (kJ/kmol.oK)
K 39,1 28,78 28,78
O 16 13,42 13,42
H 1 7,56 7,56
Total 56,1 49,76
Cp KOH (kJ/kmol) 0,8869

 Cp K2CO3
Mol mass Cp of the element Cp
Element
(kg/kmol) (kJ/kmol.oK) (kJ/kmol.oK)
K 78,2 28,78 57,56
C 12 10,89 10,89
O 48 13,42 40,26
Total 138,2 108,71
Cp K2CO3 (kJ/kmol) 0,7866

 Cp KHCO3
Cp of the element Cp
Element Mol mass
(kJ/kmol.oK) (kJ/kmol.oK)
 (kg/kmol)
K 39,1 28,78 28,78

H 1 7,56 7,56

C 12 10,89 10,89

O 48 13,42 40,26

Total 100,1 87,49

Cp KHCO3 (kJ/kmol) 0,8740

Komponen Impurities KOH

Total KOH = 2.089,7633 kg/jam
Komponen % mol BM Massa n (kmol/ja
(kg/mol) (kg/jam) m)
% x KOH M x BM
K2CO3 0,5 138,2055 10,4488 0,0775
Cl 3,5 35,4530 73,1417 2,0631
Fe 2,18 55,8450 45,5568 0,8158
SO4 0,5 96,0626 10,4488 0,1088
N 0,05 14,0067 1,0449 0,0746
Na 1,02 22,9898 21,3156 0,9272
PO4 0,5 94,9714 10,4488 0,1100
SiO3 0,8 76,0837 16,7181 0,2197
Al 0,2 26,9815 4,1795 0,1549
Ca 0,5 40,0780 10,4488 0,2607
Ni 0,05 58,7100 1,0450 0,0178
Heavy Metal (Pb) 0,2 207,0000 4,1795 0,0202
Total 10 866,5772 208,9763 4,8483

Cp Impurities KOH
Komponen n CP Fraksi Mol Fraksi CP
(kmol/jam n/total CP x fraksi
 )
K2CO3 0,0756 0,7866 0,0156 0,0123
Cl 2,0631 33,0000 0,4255 14,0422
Fe 0,8158 33,0000 0,1683 5,5525
SO4 0,1088 131,0000 0,0224 2,9389
N 0,0746 1,3379 0,0154 0,0206
Na 0,9272 27,0630 0,1912 5,1754
PO4 0,1100 131,0000 0,0227 2,9727
SiO3 0,2197 0,7526 0,0453 0,0341
Al 0,1549 23,6730 0,0319 0,7564
Ca 0,2607 0,7049 0,0538 0,0380
Ni 0,0178 25,9130 0,0037 0,0951
Heavy Metal (Pb) 0,0202 33,0000 0,0042 0,1373
Total 4,8483 441,2310 1 31,7755

 Panas laten, yang dihitung apabila terdapat perubahan fase. (Yaws, 1999)
Q = n.ΔHv
dengan : Q : Panas laten senyawa, kJ.
n : Mol senyawa, kmol.
ΔHv : Panas penguapan, kJ/kmol.
 Panas reaksi, untuk menghitung panas yang dihasilkan dari reaksi kimia di
reaktor. (Yaws, C. L., 1999)
ΔHR298,15 K = ΔHf produk – ΔHf reaktan
dengan : ΔHf = Panas pembentukan suatu senyawa pada 25oC, kJ/kmol.
Untuk kondisi temperatur reaksi bukan pada 25oC, panas reaksi dihitung
dengan menggunakan rumus :

∑ n∫ CpdT − ∑ n∫ CpdT
ΔHR = ΔHR298,15K + produk reak tan

Harga Enthalpi Pembentukan ( Hf) masing-masing komponen pada 25°C :

Senyawa ΔHf (kJ/kmol)
KOH -482,370
CO2 -393,5
 H2O -285,83
K2CO3 -1150,2
KHCO3 -959,3
1. MIXING TANK – 01 (MT – 01)
Fungsi : Alat untuk mencampurkan Air Proses dengan Potassium Hydroxide

Keterangan:
Q2 = Aliran panas Potassium Hydroxide dari Hopper-01
Q4 = Aliran panas air proses dari Tangki-01
Q5 = Aliran panas Potassium Hydroxide menuju Reactor-01

a. Panas Input MT – 01
 Panas sensibel aliran Q2 pada temperature = 30℃
T = 30℃ = 303 K
To (Tref) = 25℃ = 298 K
 KOH
Cp = Cp KOH x (T-Tref)
= 0,8869 kJ/kmol K x ( 303 K – 298 K)
= 4,4349 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp
= 33,5222 kmol x 4,4349 kJ/kmol
= 148,6692 kJ
 Impurities KOH
Cp = Cp Impt. KOH x (T-Tref)
= 31,7755 kJ/kmol K x ( 303 K – 298 K)
= 158,8773 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
 = 4,8483 kmol x 158,8773 kJ/kmol
= 770,2885 kJ
 H2O
T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆ = ∫ ( A + B. T + C T + DT ) dt
2 3

To

B 2 C 3 D 4
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To )
2 3 4
-0,0400 2 -0,0002 3
= 92,053 ( 303 – 298 ) K + (303 – 298 ) + ( 303 – 298 )
2 3
-0,000000535
+ ( 303 – 298 )4
4
= 377,5494 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 76,9007 kmol x 377,5494 kJ/kmol
= 29.033,8047 kJ
Komponen n (kmol) ꭍ Cp.dT (kJ/kmol) Q2 (kJ)
KOH 33,5222 4,4349 148,6692
Impurities 4,8483 158,8773 770,2285
Total 38,3705 918,9577

 Panas sensibel aliran Q4 pada temperature = 30℃

Komponen n (Kmol) ꭍ Cp.dT (kJ/kmol) Q4 (kJ)
H2O 76,9007 377,5494 29.033,8047
Total 76,9007 29.033,8047

b. Panas Output MT – 01
 Panas sensibel aliran Q5 pada temperature = 30℃
Komponen n (Kmol) ꭍ Cp.dT (kJ/kmol) Q5 (kJ)
KOH 33,5222 4,4349 148,6692
Impurities 4,8483 158,8773 770,2885
H2O 76,9007 377,5494 29.033,8047
 Total 115,2712 29.952,7624

Neraca Panas Mixing Tank – 01 (MT – 01)

Aliran Panas Masuk (kJ) Panas Keluar (kJ)
Q2 918,9577 0,0000
Q4 29.033,8047 0,0000
Q5 0,0000 29.952,7624
Total 29.952,7624 29.952,7624

2. TEE– 01 (TE – 01)

Fungsi : Membagi aliran dari Tangki-02 menjadi dua aliran menuju Reaktor-
01 dan aliran menuju Reaktor-02
Jenis : Tee Valve

Keterangan:
Q7 = Aliran panas input CO2 dari Tangki-02
Q8 = Aliran panas output CO2 menuju Reaktor-01
Q16 = Aliran panas Output CO2 menuju Reaktor-02

Kondisi Operasi
Temperatur = 30℃
Tekanan = 1 atm
a. Panas Input TEE – 01
 Panas sensibel aliran Q7 pada temperature = 30℃
T = 30℃ = 303 K
Tref = 25℃ = 298 K
 CO2
T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To
 T
Cp . ∆T = ∫( A + B. T + C T + D T ) dt
2 3

To

B 2 C 3 D 4
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To )
2 3 4
0,042315 2
= 27,437 ( 303 – 298 ) K + ( 303 – 298 ) +
2
-0,00001956 0,00000000400
(303 – 298 )3 + ( 303 – 298 ) 4
3 4
= 192,4763 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 74,4939 kmol x 192,4763 kJ/kmol
= 14.338,3152 kJ

Komponen n (kmol) ꭍ Cp.dT (kJ/kmol) Q7 (kJ)

CO2 74,4939 192,4763 14.338,3152
Total 74,4939 14.338,3152

b. Panas Output TE – 01
 Panas sensibel aliran Q8 pada temperature = 30℃
T = 30℃ = 303 K
Tref = 25℃ = 298 K
 CO2
T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫( A + B. T + C T2 + D T 3 ) dt
To

B C D
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To )2 + (T – To ) 3 + (T – To ) 4
2 3 4
0,042315 2
= 27,437 ( 303 – 298 ) K + ( 303 – 298 ) +
2
 -0,00001956 3 0,00000000400 4
( 303 – 298 ) + (303 – 298 )
3 4
= 192,4763 kJ/kmol

Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 37,2469 kmol x 192,4763 kJ/kmol
= 7.169,1576 kJ

Komponen n (kmol) ꭍ Cp.dT (kJ/kmol) Q8 (kJ)

CO2 37,2469 192,4763 7.169,1576
Total 37,2469 7.169,1576

 Panas sensibel aliran Q16 pada temperature = 30℃

Komponen n (kmol) ꭍ Cp.dT (kJ/kmol) Q16 (kJ)
CO2 34,3818 192,4763 7.169,1576
Total 34,3818 7.169,1576

Neraca Panas TEE – 01 (TE – 01)

Aliran Panas Masuk (kJ) Panas Keluar (kJ)
Q7 14.338,3152 0
Q8 0 7.169,1576
Q16 0 7.169,1576
Total 14.338,3152 14.338,3152

3. HEATER– 01 (H – 01)
Fungsi : Memanaskan feed dari Tangki-02 sebelum memasuki Reaktor-01
 Keterangan:
Q8 = Aliran panas input Tee-01 dari Tangki-02
Q9 = Aliran panas output Heater-01 menuju Reaktor-01
Qsteam = Aliran panas steam

Kondisi Operasi
Tin = 30℃
Tout = 50℃
Tekanan = 1 atm

a. Panas Input H – 01
 Panas sensibel aliran Q8 pada temperature = 30℃
T = 30℃ = 303 K
Tref = 25℃ = 298 K
 CO2
T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫( A + B. T + C T + D T ) dt
2 3

To

B 2 C 3 D 4
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To )
2 3 4
0,042315 2
= 27,437 ( 303 – 298 ) K + ( 303 – 298 ) +
2
-0,00001956 3 0,00000000400 4
( 303 – 298 ) + ( 303 – 298 )
3 4
= 192,4763 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 37,2469 kmol x 192,4763 kJ/kmol
 = 7.169,1576 kJ

Komponen n (kmol) ꭍ Cp.dT (kJ/kmol) Q8 (kJ)

CO2 37,2469 192,4763 7.169,1576
Total 37,2469 7.169,1576

b. Panas Output H – 01
 Panas sensibel aliran Q9 pada temperature = 50℃
T = 50℃ = 323 K
Tref = 25℃ = 298 K
 CO2
T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫( A + B. T + C T + D T ) dt
2 3

To

B C D
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To )2 + (T – To ) 3 + (T – To ) 4
2 3 4
0,042315
= 27,437 ( 323 – 298 ) K + ( 323 – 298 )2 +
2
-0,00001956 3 0,00000000400 4
( 323 – 298 ) + ( 323 – 298 )
3 4
= 970,2332 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 37,2469 kmol x 970,2332 kJ/kmol
= 36.138,2413 kJ

Komponen n (kmol) ꭍ Cp.dT (kJ/kmol) Q9 (kJ)

CO2 37,2469 970,2332 36.138,2413
Total 37,2469 36.138,2413
c. Perhitungan Panas Input dan Output Steam
Panas yang diberikan steam
Qsteam = Qout - Qin
=36.138,2413 kJ - 7.169,1576 kJ
= 28.969,0837 kJ/jam
Media pemanas yang digunakan adalah saturated steam. Dari data table F.1
(Felder, 2005), untuk saturated steam pada T = 160℃ dan P = 6,1 atm.
 Enthalpy saturated vapor (HV) = 2.756,7 kJ/kg
 Enthalpy saturated liquid (HL) = 675,5 kJ/kg
Jumlah steam yang dibutuhkan:
Qs
ms =
( HV - HL )

28.969,0837 kJ
ms =
(2.756,7 kJ/kg - 675,5 kJ/kg)
= 13,9194 kg

 Panas steam masuk (Qs-in)

Qs-in = m x HV
= 13,9194 kg x 2.756,7 kJ/kg
= 38.371,6477 kJ
 Panas steam keluar (Qs-out)
Qs-out = m x HL
= 13,9194 kg x 675,5 kJ/kg
= 9.402,5640 kJ

Neraca Panas H – 01 (H – 01)

Aliran Panas Masuk (kJ) Panas Keluar (kJ)
Q8 7.169,1576 0
Q9 0 36.138,2413
Qsteam-in 38.371,6477 0
 Qsteam-out 0 9.402,5640
Total 45.540,8053 45.540,8053

4. REAKTOR– 01 (R – 01)
Fungsi :Tempat terjadinya reaksi Potassium Hydroxide (KOH) dan gas
Carbondioxide (CO2) menghasilkan Potassium Carbonate (K2CO3)
dan Air (H2O).
Jenis : Bubble Reactor

Keterangan:
Q6 = Aliran panas feed KOH dari Mixing Tank-01
Q9 = Aliran panas feed CO2 dari Heater-01
 Q10 = Aliran panas output CO2
Q11 = Aliran panas produk Reaktor-01 menuju Filter Press-01
Temperatur = 50℃
Tekanan = 3 atm

a. Panas Input R – 01
 Panas sensibel yang masuk dari Mixing Tank-01 pada T= 30℃
T = 30℃ = 303 K
Tref = 25℃ = 298 K
 KOH
Cp = Cp KOH x (T-Tref)
= 0,8869 kJ/kmol K x ( 303 K – 298 K)
= 4,4349 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp
= 33,5222 kmol x 4,4349 kJ/kmol
= 148,6692 kJ

 Impurities KOH
Cp = Cp Impt. KOH x (T-Tref)
= 31,7755 kJ/kmol K x ( 303 K – 298 K)
= 158,8773 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp
= 4,8483 kmol x 158,8773 kJ/kmol
= 770,2885 kJ
 H2O
T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫( A + B. T + C T2 + D T3 ) dt
To
 B 2 C 3 D 4
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To )
2 3 4
-0,0400 2
= 92,053 ( 303 – 298 ) K + ( 303 – 298 ) +
2
-0,0002 -0,000000535
( 303 – 298 ) 3 + ( 303 – 298 ) 4
3 4
= 377,5494 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 76,9007 kmol x 377,5494 kJ/kmol
= 29.033,8047 kJ

Komponen n (kmol) ꭍ Cp.dT (kJ/kmol) Q6 (kJ)

KOH 33,5222 4,4349 148,6692
Impurities 4,8483 158,8773 770,2885
H2O 76,9007 377,5330 29.033,8047
Total 115,2712 29.952,7624

 Panas sensibel yang masuk dari Heater-01 pada T = 50℃

T = 50℃ = 323 K
Tref = 25℃ = 298 K

 CO2
T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫( A + B. T + C T + D T ) dt
2 3

To

B C D
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To )2 + (T – To ) 3 + (T – To ) 4
2 3 4
0,042315
= 27,437 ( 323 – 298 ) K + ( 323 – 298 )2 +
2
-0,00001956 3 0,00000000400 4
( 323 – 298 ) + ( 323 – 298 )
3 4
 = 970,2332 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 37,2469 kmol x 970,2332 kJ/kmol
= 36.138,2413 kJ

Komponen n (kmol) ꭍ Cp.dT (kJ/kmol) Q9 (kJ)

CO2 37,2469 970,2332 36.138,2413
Total 37,2469 36.138,2413

Total Qin = Q6 + Q9
= 29.052,7624 kJ/jam + 36.138,2413 kJ/jam
= 66.091,0037 kJ/jam

b. Panas Reaksi dalam Reaktor

2 KOH + CO2  K2CO3 + H2O
ΔHf Reaktan pada Temperatur 25oC

Komponen n (Kmol) ΔHf (kJ/kmol) Qr (kJ)

KOH 32,1814 -482,3700 -15,523.3316

CO2 16,0907 -393,5000 -6.331,6905

Total 48,2721 -21.855,0221

ΔHf Produk pada Temperatur 25oC

Komponen n (Kmol) ΔHf (kJ/kmol) Qr (kJ)

K2CO3 16,0907 -1.150,2000 -18.507,5108

H2O 16,0907 -285.8300 -4.599,2018

Total 32,1814 -23.106,7126

ΔHR 298,15 K = ΔHf produk - ΔHf reaktan

=-23.106,7126 kJ – (-21.855,0221 kJ)

 = -1.251,6905 kJ

Panas Reaktan pada Temperatur 50oC

T = 50℃ = 323 K
Tref = 25℃ = 298 K
 KOH
T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫( A + B. T + C T + D T ) dt
2 3

To

B 2 C 3 D 4
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To )
2 3 4
0,0422
= 71,429 ( 323 – 298 ) K + ( 323 – 298 ) 2 +
2
-0,000048 3 0,0000000172 4
( 323 – 298 ) + ( 323 – 298 )
3 4
= 2.010,4407 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 32,1814 kmol x 2.010,4407 kJ/kmol
= 64.698,7558 kJ
 CO2
T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫( A + B. T + C T + D T ) dt
2 3

To

B 2 C 3 D 4
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To )
2 3 4
0,042315
= 27,437 ( 323 – 298 ) K + ( 323 – 298 )2 +
2
-0,00001956 3 0,00000000400 4
( 323 – 298 ) + ( 323 – 298 )
3 4
= 970,2332 kJ/kmol
 Q = n x Cp . ∆T
=16,0907 kmol x 970,2332 kJ/kmol
=15.611,7306 kJ

Komponen n (Kmol) ꭍ Cp.dT (kJ/kmol) Qr (kJ)

KOH 32,1814 2.010,4407 64.698,7558

CO2 16,0907 970,2332 15.611,7306

Total 48,2721 80.310,4864

Panas Produk pada Temperatur 50oC

T = 50℃ = 323 K
Tref = 25℃ = 298 K
 K2CO3
Cp = Cp K2CO3 x (T-Tref)
= 0,7866 kJ/kmol K x ( 323 K – 298 K)
= 19,6653 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 16,0907 kmol x 19,6653 kJ/kmol
= 316,4288 kJ
 H2O
T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫( A + B. T + C T + D T ) dt
2 3

To

B 2 C 3 D 4
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To )
2 3 4
-0,0400 2
= 92,053 ( 323 – 298 ) K + ( 323 – 298 ) +
2
-0,0002 -0,000000535
( 323 – 298 ) 3 + ( 323 – 298 ) 4
3 4
= 1.883,3366 kJ/kmol
 = 27.973,0931 kJ
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 16,0907 kmol x 1.883,3366 kJ/kmol
= 30.304,1842 kJ

Komponen n (Kmol) ꭍ Cp.dT (kJ/kmol) Qr (kJ)

K2CO3 16,0907 19,6653 316,4288

H2O 16,0907 1.883,3366 30.304,1842

Total 32,1814 30.620,6130

ΔQR total = ΔHR 298,15 K + ∑ n∫ Cp dT- ∑ n ∫ Cp dT

produk reaktan

= -1.251,6905 kJ + (30.620,6130kJ - 80.310,4864kJ)

= -50.941,5639 kJ

c. Panas Output R – 01
 Panas sensibel yang keluar dari R-01 (Q10) pada T = 50oC
T = 50℃ = 323 K

Tref = 25℃ = 298 K

 CO2
T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫( A + B. T + C T + D T ) dt
2 3

To

B 2 C 3 D 4
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To )
2 3 4

0,042315
= 27,437 ( 323 – 298 ) K + (323 – 298 )2 +
2
-0,00001956 3 0,00000000400 4
(323 – 298 ) + ( 323 – 298 )
3 4
 = 970,2332 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 19,5289 kmol x 970,2332 kJ/kmol
= 18.947,5579 kJ

Komponen n (Kmol) ꭍ Cp.dT (kJ/kmol) Q10 (kJ)

CO2 19,5289 970,2332 18.947,5579

Total 19,5289 18.947,5579

 Panas sensibel yang keluar dari R-01 (Q11) pada T = 50oC

T = 50℃ = 323 K
Tref = 25℃ = 298 K
 KOH
T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫( A + B. T + C T + D T ) dt
2 3

To

B 2 C 3 D 4
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To )
2 3 4
0,0422
= 71,429 ( 323 – 298 ) K + ( 323 – 298 ) 2 +
2
-0,000048 3 0,0000000172 4
( 323 – 298 ) + ( 323 – 298 )
3 4
= 2.010,4407 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 1,3409 kmol x 2.010,4407 kJ/kmol
= 2.695,7815 kJ

 Impurities KOH
Cp = Cp Impt. KOH x (T-Tref)
 = 31,7755 kJ/kmol K x ( 323 K – 298 K)
= 794,3867 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 4,8483 kmol x 794,3867 kJ/kmol
= 3.851,4428 kJ
 H2O
T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫( A + B. T + C T + D T ) dt
2 3

To

B 2 C 3 D 4
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To )
2 3 4
-0,0400 2
= 92,053 ( 323 – 298 ) K + ( 323 – 298 ) +
2
-0,0002 -0,000000535
( 323 – 298 ) 3 + ( 323 – 298 ) 4
3 4
= 1.883,3366 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 92,9914 kmol x 1.883,3366 kJ/kmol
= 175.134,0575 kJ
 K2CO3
Cp = Cp K2CO3 x (T-Tref)
= 0,7866 kJ/kmol K x ( 323 K – 298 K)
= 19,6653 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 16,0907 kmol x 19,6653 kJ/kmol
= 316,4288 kJ

Komponen n (Kmol) ꭍ Cp.dT (kJ/kmol) Q11 (kJ)

 KOH 1,3409 2.010,4407 2.695,7815

Impurities 4,8483 794,3867 3.815,4428

H2O 92,9914 1.883,3366 175.134,0575

K2CO3 16,0907 19,6653 316,4288

Total 115,2713 181.997,7106

Total Qout = Q10 + Q11

= 18.947,5579 kJ/jam + 181.997,7106 kJ/jam
= 200.945,2685 kJ/jam

d. Kebutuhan air pendingin

Qin + Qcw in = Qout + QR + Qcw out (Felder, 2005)
Qcw out – Qcw in = Qin – Qout – QR
= (66.091,0037–200.945,2685 – (-50.941,5639)) kJ
Qcw out – Qcw in = -83.912,7009 kJ
Qcooling water = -83.912,7009 kJ

Media pendingin yang digunakan adalah air.

 Tin = 303 K
 Tout = 333 K
 Tref = 298 K
 Cp air = 4,1800 kJ/kg.K

Jumlah air pendingin yang dibutuhkan:

Q cw
m = ¿
Cpair x ( T2 −T1 ¿
−83.912,7009 kJ
m =
4, 1 800 kJ /kg.K x (3 3 3 - 30 3 ) K
= -669,1603 kg

Qcw-in = m x Cp x (Tin – Tref)

= -669,1603 kg x 4,1800 kJ/kg.K x (303 – 298) K
= -13.985,4501 kJ
Qcw-out = m x Cp x (Tout – Tref)
= -669,1603 kg x 4,1800 kJ/kg.K x (333 – 298) K
= -97.898,1510 kg

Neraca Panas Reaktor – 01 (R – 01)

Aliran Panas Masuk (kJ) Panas Keluar (kJ)
Q6 29.952,7624 0
Q9 36.138,2413 0
Q10 0 18.947,5579
Q11 0 181.997,7106
QR 0 -50.941,5639
Qcw-in -13.985,4501 0
Qcw-out 0 -97.898,1510
Total 52.105,5536 52.105,5536
6. FILTER PRESS – 01 (FP – 01)
Fungsi : Sebagai tempat pemisahan Potassium Carbonate dari campuran
slurry
Jenis : Plate and Frame Filter Press

Keterangan:
Q12 = Aliran input panas slurry dari Reaktor-01
Q13 = Aliran output panas filtrat menuju Tangki-03
Q14 = Aliran output panas slurry K2CO3 menuju Reaktor-02

Kondisi Operasi:
Temperatur = 50 ºC
Tekanan = 1 atm

a. Panas Input FP – 01
 Panas sensibel yang masuk dari R-01 (Q12) pada T = 50oC
T = 50℃ = 323 K
Tref = 25℃ = 298 K
 KOH
T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫( A + B. T + C T + D T ) dt
2 3

To

B 2 C 3 D 4
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To )
2 3 4
 0,0422 2
= 71,429 ( 323 – 298 ) K + ( 323 – 298 ) +
2
-0,000048 0,0000000172
( 323 – 298 ) 3 + ( 323 – 298 ) 4
3 4
= 2.010,44 kJ/kmol

Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 1,3411 kmol x 2.010,44 kJ/kmol
= 2.695,7815 kJ
 Impurities KOH
Cp = Cp Impt. KOH x (T-Tref)
= 31,7755 kJ/kmol K x ( 323 K – 298 K)
= 794,3867 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 4,8483 kmol x 794,3867 kJ/kmol
= 3.851,4428 kJ
 H2O
T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫( A + B. T + C T + D T ) dt
2 3

To

B 2 C 3 D 4
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To )
2 3 4
-0,0400 2
= 92,053 ( 323 – 298 ) K + ( 323 – 298 ) +
2
-0,0002 -0,000000535
( 323 – 298 ) 3 + ( 323 – 298 ) 4
3 4
= 1.883,3366 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 92,9914 kmol x 1.883,3366 kJ/kmol
= 175.134,0575 kJ
 K2CO3
Cp = Cp K2CO3 x (T-Tref)
= 0,7866 kJ/kmol K x ( 323 K – 298 K)
 = 19,6653 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 16,0907 kmol x 19,6653 kJ/kmol
= 316,4288 kJ

Komponen n (Kmol) ꭍ Cp.dT (kJ/kmol) Q12 (kJ)

KOH 1,3411 2.010,44 2.695,7815
Impurities 4,8483 794,3867 3.851,4428
H2O 92,9914 1.883,34 175.134,0575
K2CO3 16,0907 19,6653 316,4288
Total 115,2715 181.997,7106

b. Panas Output FP – 01
 Panas sensibel aliran Q13 pada T = 50oC
T = 50℃ = 323 K
Tref = 25℃ = 298 K
 KOH
T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫( A + B. T + C T + D T ) dt
2 3

To

B 2 C 3 D 4
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To )
2 3 4
0,0422 2
= 71,429 ( 323 – 298 ) K + ( 323 – 298 ) +
2
-0,000048 3 0,0000000172 4
( 323 – 298 ) + ( 323 – 298 )
3 4
= 2.010,4407 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 1,1263 kmol x 2.010,4407 kJ/kmol
= 2.264,4565 kJ
 Impurities KOH
Cp = Cp Impt. KOH x (T-Tref)
 = 31,7755 kJ/kmol K x ( 323 K – 298 K)
= 794,3867 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 4,0726 kmol x 794,3867 kJ/kmol
= 3.235,2119 kJ

 H2O
T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫( A + B. T + C T2 + D T3 ) dt
To

B 2 C 3 D 4
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To )
2 3 4
-0,0400 2
= 92,053 ( 323 – 298 ) K + ( 323 – 298 ) +
2
-0,0002 3 -0,000000535 4
( 323 – 298 ) + ( 323 – 298 )
3 4
= 1.883,3366 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 78,1128 kmol x 1.883,3366 kJ/kmol
= 147.112,6083 kJ
 K2CO3
Cp = Cp K2CO3 x (T-Tref)
= 0,7866 kJ/kmol K x ( 323 K – 298 K)
= 19,6653 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 2,5745 kmol x 19,6653 kJ/kmol
= 50,6286 kJ

Komponen n (Kmol) ꭍ Cp.dT (kJ/kmol) Q13 (kJ)

KOH 1,1263 2.010,4407 2.264,4565
Impurities 4,0726 794,3867 3.235,2119
H2O 78,1128 1.883,3366 147.112,6083
K2CO3 2,5745 19,6653 50,6286
Total 85,8862 152.662,9053

Panas sensibel aliran Q14 pada T = 50oC

T = 50℃ = 323 K
Tref = 25℃ = 298 K
 KOH
T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫( A + B. T + C T2 + D T3 ) dt
To

B C D
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To )2 + (T – To ) 3 + (T – To ) 4
2 3 4
0,0422 2
= 71,429 ( 323 – 298 ) K + ( 323 – 298 ) +
2
-0,000048 3 0,0000000172 4
( 323 – 298 ) + ( 323 – 298 )
3 4
= 2.010,4407 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 0,2145 kmol x 2.010,4407 kJ/kmol
= 431,3250 kJ
 Impurities KOH
Cp = Cp Impt. KOH x (T-Tref)
= 31,7755 kJ/k mol K x ( 323 K – 298 K)
= 794,3867 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 0,7757 kmol x 794,3867 kJ/kmol
 = 616,2308 kJ

 H2O
T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫( A + B. T + C T + D T ) dt
2 3

To

B 2 C 3 D 4
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To )
2 3 4
-0,0400 2
= 92,053 ( 323 – 298 ) K + ( 323 – 298 ) +
2
-0,0002 -0,000000535
( 323 – 298 ) 3 + ( 323 – 298 ) 4
3 4
= 1.883,3366 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 14,8786 kmol x 1.883,3366 kJ/kmol
= 28.021,4492 kJ
 K2CO3
Cp = Cp K2CO3 x (T-Tref)
= 0,7866 kJ/kmol K x ( 323 K – 298 K)
= 19,6653 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 13,5162 kmol x 19,6653 kJ/kmol
= 265,8003 kJ

Komponen n (Kmol) ꭍ Cp.dT (kJ/kmol) Q14 (kJ)

KOH 0,2145 2.010,4407 431,3250
Impurities 0,7757 794,3867 616,2308
H2O 14,8786 1.883,3363 28.021,4492
K2CO3 13,5162 19,6653 265,8003
Total 29,3850 29.334,8053
 Neraca Panas Filter Press – 01 (FP – 01)
Aliran Panas Masuk (kJ) Panas Keluar (kJ)
Q12 181.997,7106 0
Q13 0 152.662,9053
Q14 0 29.334,8053
Total 181.997,7106 181.997,7106

6. REAKTOR– 02 (R – 02)
Fungsi :Tempat terjadinya reaksi K2CO3, H2O dengan gas CO2 untuk
menghasilkan Potassium Hydrogen Carbonate Crystal (KHCO3)
Jenis : Bubble Reactor

Keterangan:
Q15 = Aliran panas feed slurry dari Filter Press-01
Q17 = Aliran panas feed CO2 dari Heater-02
Q18 = Aliran panas output CO2
Q19 = Aliran panas produk Reaktor-02 menuju Centrifuge-01

Temperatur = 50℃
Tekanan = 3 atm

a. Panas Input R – 02
 Panas sensibel yang masuk dari Filter Press-01 pada T= 50℃
T = 50℃ = 323 K
Tref = 25℃ = 298 K
 KOH
T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫( A + B. T + CT + D T ) dt
2 3 4

To

B 2 C 3 D 4 D 5
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To )
2 3 4 5
0,0422 -0,000048 0
= 71,429 ( 323 – 298 ) K + ( 323 – 298 ) 2 + (323 – 298 ) 3 +
2 3 4
= 2.010,44 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 0,1980 kmol x 2.010,44 kJ/kmol
= 398,1462 kJ
 Impurities KOH
Cp = Cp Impt. KOH x (T-Tref)
= 31,7755 kJ/kmol K x ( 323 K – 298 K)
= 794,3867 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 0,7161 kmol x 794,3867 kJ/kmol
= 568,8285 kJ
 H2O
T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫( A + B. T + CT + D T ) dt
2 3 4

To

B 2 C 3 D 4 D 5
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To )
2 3 4 5
-0,0400 2 -0,0002 3 -0,
= 92,053 ( 323 – 298 ) K + ( 323 – 298 ) + (323 – 298 ) +
2 3 4
= 1.883,3366 kJ/kmol
 Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 14,3368 kmol x 1.883,3366 kJ/kmol
= 27.000,9493 kJ
 K2CO3
Cp = Cp K2CO3 x (T-Tref)
= 0,7866 kJ/kmol K x ( 323 K – 298 K)
= 19,6653 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 12,4765 kmol x 19,6653 kJ/kmol
= 245,3541 kJ

Komponen n (kmol) ꭍ Cp.dT (kJ/kmol) Q15 (kJ)

KOH 0,1980 2.010,44 398,1462
Impurities 0,7161 794,3867 568,8285
H2O 14,3368 1.883,34 27.000,9493
K2CO3 12,4765 19,6653 245,3508
Total 27,7273 28.213,2781

 Panas sensibel yang masuk dari Heater-02 pada T = 50℃

T = 50℃ = 323 K
Tref = 25℃ = 298 K
 CO2
T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫( A + B. T + CT + D T ) dt
2 3 4

To

B 2 C 3 D 4 D 5
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To )
2 3 4 5
0,042315 -0,00001956
= 27,437 ( 323 – 298 ) K + ( 323 – 298 )2 + ( 323 – 298 )3
2 3
= 970,2332 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
 = 34,3818 kmol x 970,2332 kJ/kmol
= 33.358,3766 kJ

Komponen n (kmol) ꭍ Cp.dT (kJ/kmol) Q17 (kJ)

CO2 34,3818 970,2332 33.358,3766
Total 34,3818 33.358,3766

Total Qin = Q15 + Q17

= 61.571,6547 kJ/jam

b. Panas Reaksi dalam Reaktor

K2CO3 + H2O + CO2  2KHCO3

ΔHf Reaktan pada Temperatur 25oC

Komponen n (Kmol) ΔHf (kJ/kmol) Qr (kJ)

K2CO3 11,9774 -1.150,2 -13.776,4216

H2O 11,9774 -285.830 -3.423,5042

CO2 11,9774 -393,500 -4.713,1124

Total 35,9322 -21.913,0383

ΔHf Produk pada Temperatur 25oC

Komponen n (Kmol) ΔHf (kJ/kmol) Qr (kJ)

KHCO3 23,9583 -959,3 -22.979,8665

Total 23,9583 -22.979,8665

ΔHR 298,15 K = ΔHf produk - ΔHf reaktan

= -22.979,8665 kJ – (-21.913,0383 kJ)

= -1.066,8283 kJ
 Panas Reaktan pada Temperatur 50oC
T = 50℃ = 323 K
Tref = 25℃ = 298 K

 K2CO3
Cp = Cp K2CO3 x (T-Tref)
= 0,7866 kJ/kmol K x ( 323 K – 298 K)
= 19,6653 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 11,9774 kmol x 19,6653 kJ/kmol
= 235,5399 kJ
 H2O
T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫( A + B. T2 + CT 3 + D T 4 ) dt
To

B C D D
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To )2 + (T – To ) 3 + (T – To ) 4 + (T – To ) 5
2 3 4 5
-0,0400 2 -0,0002 3 -0,
= 92,053 ( 323 – 298 ) K + ( 323 – 298 ) + (323 – 298 ) +
2 3 4
= 1.883,3366 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 11,9774 kmol x 1.883,3366 kJ/kmol
= 22.557,5023 kJ
 CO2
T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫( A + B. T + CT + D T ) dt
2 3 4

To

B 2 C 3 D 4 D 5
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To )
2 3 4 5
 0,042315 2 -0,00001956 3
= 27,437 ( 323 – 298 ) K + ( 323 – 298 ) + ( 323 – 298 )
2 3
= 970,2332 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 11,9774 kmol x 970,2332 kJ/kmol
= 11.620,884 kJ

Komponen n (Kmol) ꭍ Cp.dT (kJ/kmol) Qr (kJ)

K2CO3 11,9774 19,6653 235,5399

H2O 11,9774 1.883,34 22.557,5023

CO2 11,9774 970,2332 11.620,884

Total 35,9322 34.413,9264

Panas Produk pada Temperatur 50oC

T = 50℃ = 323 K
Tref = 25℃ = 298 K
 KHCO3
Cp = Cp KHCO3 x (T-Tref)
= 0,8740 kJ/kmol K x ( 323 K – 298 K)
= 21,8506 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 23,9583 kmol x 21,8506 kJ/kmol
= 523,4285 kJ

Komponen n (Kmol) ꭍ Cp.dT (kJ/kmol) Qr (kJ)

KHCO3 23,9583 21,8506 523,4285

Total 23,9583 523,4285

 ΔQR total = ΔHR 298,15 K + ∑ n∫ Cp dT- ∑ n ∫ Cp dT
produk reaktan

= -1.066,8283 kJ + (523,4285 kJ - 34.413,9264 kJ)

= -33.890,4979 kJ

c. Panas Output R – 02
 Panas sensibel yang keluar dari R-01 (Q18) pada T = 50oC
T = 50℃ = 323 K
Tref = 25℃ = 298 K
 CO2
T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫( A + B. T + CT + D T ) dt
2 3 4

To

B C D D
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To )2 + (T – To ) 3 + (T – To ) 4 + (T – To ) 5
2 3 4 5
0,042315 -0,00001956
= 27,437 ( 323 – 298 ) K + ( 323 – 298 )2 + ( 323 – 298 )3
2 3
= 970,2332 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 22,4044 kmol x 970,2332 kJ/kmol
= 21.737,4939 kJ

Komponen n (Kmol) ꭍ Cp.dT (kJ/kmol) Q18 (kJ)

CO2 22,4044 970,233 21.737,4939

Total 22,4044 21.737,4939

 Panas sensibel yang keluar dari R-01 (Q19) pada T = 50oC

T = 50℃ = 323 K
Tref = 25℃ = 298 K
 KOH
 T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫( A + B. T + CT + D T ) dt
2 3 4

To

B 2 C 3 D 4 D 5
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To )
2 3 4 5
0,0422 2 -0,000048 3 0
= 71,429 ( 323 – 298 ) K + ( 323 – 298 ) + (323 – 298 ) +
2 3 4
= 2.010,44 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 0,1980 kmol x 2.010,44 kJ/kmol
= 398,1462 kJ
 Impurities KOH
Cp = Cp Impt. KOH x (T-Tref)
= 31,7755 kJ/kmol K x ( 323 K – 298 K)
= 794,3867 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 0,7161 kmol x 794,3867 kJ/kmol
= 568,8285 kJ
 H2O
T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫( A + B. T2 + CT 3 + D T 4 ) dt
To

B C D D
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To )2 + (T – To ) 3 + (T – To ) 4 + (T – To ) 5
2 3 4 5
-0,0400 2 -0,0002 3 -0,
= 92,053 ( 323 – 298 ) K + ( 323 – 298 ) + (323 – 298 ) +
2 3 4
= 1.883,3366 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 2,3593 kmol x 1.883,3366 kJ/kmol
 = 4.443,4470 kJ
 K2CO3
Cp = Cp K2CO3 x (T-Tref)
= 0,7866 kJ/kmol K x ( 323 K – 298 K)
= 19,6653 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 0,4991 kmol x 19,6653 kJ/kmol
= 9,8142 kJ

 KHCO3
Cp = Cp KHCO3 x (T-Tref)
= 0,8740 kJ/kmol K x ( 323 K – 298 K)
= 21,8506 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 23,9583 kmol x 21,8506 kJ/kmol
= 523,4285 kJ

Komponen n (Kmol) ꭍ Cp.dT (kJ/kmol) Q19 (kJ)

KOH 0,1980 2.010,44 398,1462

Impurities 0,7161 794,3867 568,8285

H2O 2,3593 1.883,34 4.443,4470

K2CO3 0,4991 19,6653 9,8142

KHCO3 23,9548 21,8506 523,4285

Total 27.7273 5.943,6644

Total Qout = Q18 + Q19

= 27.681,1584 kJ/jam

d. Kebutuhan air pendingin

Qin + Qcw in = Qout + QR + Qcw out (Felder, 2005)
Qcw out – Qcw in = Qin – Qout – QR
= (61.571,6547– 27.681,1584 – (-34.957,3261)) kJ
 Qcw out – Qcw in = 68.847,8224 kJ
Qcooling water = 68.847,8224 kJ

Media pendingin yang digunakan adalah air.

 Tin = 303 K
 Tout = 323 K
 Tref = 298 K
 Cp air = 4,1800 kJ/kg.K

Jumlah air pendingin yang dibutuhkan:

Q cw
m = ¿
Cpair x ( T2 −T1 ¿
68.847,8224 kJ
m =
4, 1785 kJ /kg.K x (323 - 30 3 ) K
= 549,0257 kg

Qcw-in = m x Cp x (Tin – Tref)

= 549,0257 kg x 4,1800 kJ/kg.K x (303 – 298) K
= 11.474,6371 kJ

Qcw-out = m x Cp x (Tout – Tref)

= 549,0257 kg x 4,1800 kJ/kg.K x (323 – 298) K
= 80.322,4595 kJ

Neraca Panas Reaktor – 02 (R – 02)

Aliran Panas Masuk (kJ) Panas Keluar (kJ)
Q15 28.213,2781 0
Q17 33.358,3766 0
Q18 0 21.737,4939
Q19 0 5.943,6644
QR 0 -34.957,3261
Qcw-in 11.474,6371 0
Qcw-out 0 80.322,4595
Total 73.046,2918 73.046,2918

8. CENTRIFUGE – 01 (CSP – 01)

 Fungsi : Sebagai tempat pemisahan filtrat dari campuran slurry

Keterangan:
Q20 = Aliran input panas slurry dari Reaktor-02
Q21 = Aliran output panas filtrat menuju Tangki-04
Q22 = Aliran output panas slurry KHCO3 menuju Rotary Kiln-01

Kondisi Operasi:
Temperatur = 50 ºC
Tekanan = 1 atm

a. Panas Input CSP – 01

 Panas sensibel yang masuk dari R-02 (Q20) pada T = 50oC
T = 50℃ = 323 K
Tref = 25℃ = 298 K
 KOH
T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫( A + B. T + CT + D T ) dt
2 3 4

To

B C D D
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To )2 + (T – To ) 3 + (T – To ) 4 + (T – To ) 5
2 3 4 5
0,0422 -0,000048 0
= 71,429 ( 323 – 298 ) K + ( 323 – 298 ) 2 + (323 – 298 ) 3 +
2 3 4
= 2.010,44 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 0,1980 kmol x 2.010,44 kJ/kmol
= 398,1462 kJ
 Impurities KOH
Cp = Cp Impt. KOH x (T-Tref)
= 31,7755 kJ/kmol K x ( 323 K – 298 K)
= 794,3867 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 0,7161 kmol x 794,3867 kJ/kmol
= 568,8285 kJ
 H2O
T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫( A + B. T2 + CT 3 + D T 4 ) dt
To

B C D D
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To )2 + (T – To ) 3 + (T – To ) 4 + (T – To ) 5
2 3 4 5
-0,0400 2 -0,0002 3 -0,
= 92,053 ( 323 – 298 ) K + ( 323 – 298 ) + (323 – 298 ) +
2 3 4
= 1.883,3366 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 2,3593 kmol x 1.883,3366 kJ/kmol
= 4.443,4470 kJ
 K2CO3
Cp = Cp K2CO3 x (T-Tref)
= 0,7866 kJ/kmol K x ( 323 K – 298 K)
= 19,6653 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 0,4991 kmol x 19,6653 kJ/kmol
= 9,8142 kJ
 KHCO3
Cp = Cp KHCO3 x (T-Tref)
= 0,8740 kJ/kmol K x ( 323 K – 298 K)
= 21,8506 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
 = 23,9583 kmol x 21,8506 kJ/kmol
= 523,4285 kJ

Komponen n (Kmol) ꭍ Cp.dT (kJ/kmol) Q20 (kJ)

KOH 0,1980 2.010,44 398,1462
Impurities 0,7161 794,3867 568,8285
H2O 2,3593 1.883,34 4.443,4470
K2CO3 0,4991 19,6653 9,8142
KHCO3 23,9548 21,8506 523,4285
Total 27.7273 5.943,6644

b. Panas Output CSP – 01

 Panas sensibel aliran Q21 pada T = 50oC
T = 50℃ = 323 K
Tref = 25℃ = 298 K
 KOH
T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫( A + B. T2 + CT 3 + D T 4 ) dt
To

B 2 C 3 D 4 D 5
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To )
2 3 4 5
0,0422 2 -0,000048 3 0
= 71,429 ( 323 – 298 ) K + ( 323 – 298 ) + (323 – 298 ) +
2 3 4
= 2.010,44 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 0,1940 kmol x 2.010,44 kJ/kmol
 = 390,1833 kJ
 Impurities KOH
Cp = Cp Impt. KOH x (T-Tref)
= 31,7755 kJ/kmol K x ( 323 K – 298 K)
= 794,3867 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 0,7017 kmol x 794,3867 kJ/kmol
= 557,4519 kJ
 H2O
T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫( A + B. T + CT + D T ) dt
2 3 4

To

B 2 C 3 D 4 D 5
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To )
2 3 4 5
-0,0400 -0,0002 -0,
= 92,053 ( 323 – 298 ) K + ( 323 – 298 ) 2 + (323 – 298 )3 +
2 3 4
= 1.883,3366 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 2,3122 kmol x 1.883,3366 kJ/kmol
= 4.354,5781 kJ
 K2CO3
Cp = Cp K2CO3 x (T-Tref)
= 0,7866 kJ/kmol K x ( 323 K – 298 K)
= 19,6653 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 0,0099 kmol x 19,6653 kJ/kmol
= 0,1963 kJ
 KHCO3
Cp = Cp KHCO3 x (T-Tref)
= 0,8740 kJ/kmol K x ( 323 K – 298 K)
= 21,8506 kJ/kmol
 Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 0,4791 kmol x 21,8506 kJ/kmol
= 10,4686 kJ

Komponen n (Kmol) ꭍ Cp.dT (kJ/kmol) Q21 (kJ)

KOH 0,1941 2.010,44 390,1833
Impurities 0,7017 794,3867 557,4519
H2O 2,3122 1.883,34 4.354,5781
K2CO3 0,0099 19,6653 0,1963
KHCO3 0,4791 21,8506 10,4686
Total 3,6971 5.312,8781

 Panas sensibel aliran Q22 pada T = 50oC

T = 50℃ = 323 K
Tref = 25℃ = 298 K
 KOH
T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫( A + B. T2 + CT 3 + D T 4 ) dt
To

B C D D
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To )2 + (T – To ) 3 + (T – To ) 4 + (T – To ) 5
2 3 4 5
0,0422 2 -0,000048 3 0
= 71,429 ( 323 – 298 ) K + ( 323 – 298 ) + (323 – 298 ) +
2 3 4
= 2.010,44 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 0,0039 kmol x 2.010,44 kJ/kmol
= 17,9629 kJ
 Impurities KOH
Cp = Cp Impt. KOH x (T-Tref)
= 31,7755 kJ/kmol K x ( 323 K – 298 K)
= 794,3867 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 0,0143 kmol x 794,3867 kJ/kmol
= 11,3766 kJ
 H2O
T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫( A + B. T2 + CT 3 + D T4 ) dt
To

B C D D
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To )2 + (T – To ) 3 + (T – To ) 4 + (T – To ) 5
2 3 4 5
-0,0400 2 -0,0002 3 -0,
= 92,053 ( 323 – 298 ) K + ( 323 – 298 ) + (323 – 298 ) +
2 3 4
= 1.883,3366 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 0,0472 kmol x 1.883,3366 kJ/kmol
= 88,8689 kJ
 K2CO3
Cp = Cp K2CO3 x (T-Tref)
= 0,7866 kJ/kmol K x ( 323 K – 298 K)
= 19,6653 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 0,4891 kmol x 19,6653 kJ/kmol
= 9,6179 kJ
 KHCO3
Cp = Cp KHCO3 x (T-Tref)
= 0,8740 kJ/kmol K x ( 323 K – 298 K)
= 21,8506 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
 = 23,4757 kmol x 21,8506 kJ/kmol
= 512,9599 kJ

Komponen n (Kmol) ꭍ Cp.dT (kJ/kmol) Q22 (kJ)

KOH 0,0039 2.010,44 7,9629
Impurities 0,0143 794,3867 11,3766
H2O 0,0472 1.883,34 88,8689
K2CO3 0,4891 19,6653 9,6179
KHCO3 23,4757 21,8506 512,9599
Total 24,0303 630,7863

Neraca Panas Centrifuge – 01 (FP – 01)

Aliran Panas Masuk (kJ) Panas Keluar (kJ)
Q20 5.943,6644 0
Q21 0 5.312,8781
Q22 0 630,7863
Total 5.943,6644 5.943,6644

9. ROTARY KILN– 01 (RK – 01)

Fungsi :Tempat terjadinya dekomposisi Potassium Hydrogen Carbonate
Crystal (KHCO3) menjadi Potassium Carbonate (K2CO3)
Jenis : Rotary Kiln
 Keterangan:
Q23 = Aliran panas feed slurry dari Centrifuge-01
Q26 = Aliran panas udara pemanas dari Heater-03
Q31 = Aliran panas dry cake K2CO3 menuju Belt Conveyor
Q27 = Aliran panas vapor waste menuju cyclone

Kondisi Operasi
Temperatur = 500℃
Tekanan = 1 atm

a. Panas Input RK – 01
 Panas sensibel yang masuk dari CSP-01 (Q23) pada T = 50oC
T = 50℃ = 323 K
Tref = 25℃ = 298 K
 KOH
T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫( A + B. T + CT + D T ) dt
2 3 4

To

B 2 C 3 D 4 D 5
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To )
2 3 4 5
0,0422 2 -0,000048 3 0
= 71,429 ( 323 – 298 ) K + ( 323 – 298 ) + (323 – 298 ) +
2 3 4
= 2.010,44 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 0,0039 kmol x 2.010,44 kJ/kmol
= 7,9629 kJ
 Impurities KOH
Cp = Cp Impt. KOH x (T-Tref)
= 31,7755 kJ/kmol K x ( 323 K – 298 K)
= 794,3867 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
 = 0,0143 kmol x 794,3867 kJ/kmol
= 11,3766 kJ
 H2O
T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫( A + B. T + CT + D T ) dt
2 3 4

To

B 2 C 3 D 4 D 5
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To )
2 3 4 5
-0,0400 2 -0,0002 3 -0,
= 92,053 ( 323 – 298 ) K + ( 323 – 298 ) + (323 – 298 ) +
2 3 4
= 1.883,3366 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 0,0472 kmol x 1.883,3366 kJ/kmol
= 88,8689 kJ
 K2CO3
Cp = Cp K2CO3 x (T-Tref)
= 0,7866 kJ/kmol K x ( 323 K – 298 K)
= 19,6653 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 0,4891 kmol x 19,6653 kJ/kmol
= 9,6179 kJ
 KHCO3
Cp = Cp KHCO3 x (T-Tref)
= 0,8740 kJ/kmol K x ( 323 K – 298 K)
= 21,8506 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 23,4757 kmol x 21,8506 kJ/kmol
= 512,9599 kJ

Komponen n (Kmol) ꭍ Cp.dT (kJ/kmol) Q23 (kJ)

KOH 0,0039 2.010,44 7,9629
 Impurities 0,0143 794,3867 11,3766
H2O 0,0472 1.883,34 88,8689
K2CO3 0,4891 19,6653 9,6179
KHCO3 23,4757 21,8506 512,9599
Total 24,0303 630,7863

b. Panas Output RK – 01
 Panas sensibel aliran Q27 menuju cyclone pada T = 500oC
T = 500 ℃ = 773 K
Tref = 25℃ = 298 K
 KOH
T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫( A + B. T + CT + D T ) dt
2 3 4

To

B 2 C 3 D 4 D 5
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To )
2 3 4 5
0,0422 2 -0,000048 3 0
= 71,429 ( 773 – 298 ) K + ( 773 – 298 ) + (773 – 298 ) +
2 3 4
= 39.197,4168 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 0,00012 kmol x 39.197,4168 kJ/kmol
= 4,6576 kJ
 Impurities KOH
Cp = Cp Impt. KOH x (T-Tref)
= 31,7755 kJ/kmol K x ( 773 K – 298 K)
= 15.093,3473 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 0,00043 kmol x 15.093,3473 kJ/kmol
= 6,4846 kJ
 H2O
T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫( A + B. T2 + CT 3 + D T 4 ) dt
To

B C D D
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To )2 + (T – To ) 3 + (T – To ) 4 + (T – To ) 5
2 3 4 5
-0,008419 2 -0,000029 3
= 33,933 ( 773 – 298 ) + ( 773 – 298 ) + ( 773 – 298 ) +
2 3
= 16.963,6322 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 11,0899 kmol x 16.963,6322 kJ/kmol
= 188.125,48 kJ
 CO2
T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫( A + B. T + CT + D T ) dt
2 3 4

To

B 2 C 3 D 4 D 5
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To )
2 3 4 5
0,042315 2 -0,00001956 3
= 27,437 ( 773 – 298 ) K + ( 773 – 298 ) + ( 773 – 298 )
2 3
= 21.306,5457 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 11,0442 kmol x 21.306,5457 kJ/kmol
= 235.312,8544 kJ
 K2CO3
Cp = Cp K2CO3 x (T-Tref)
= 0,7866 kJ/kmol K x ( 773 K – 298 K)
= 373,6415 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
 = 0,3562 kmol x 373,6415 kJ/kmol
= 133,1076 kJ
 KHCO3
Cp = Cp KHCO3 x (T-Tref)
= 0,8740 kJ/kmol K x ( 773 K – 298 K)
= 415,1623 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 0,6831 kmol x 415,1623 kJ/kmol
= 283,6156 kJ

Komponen n (Kmol) ꭍ Cp.dT (kJ/kmol) Q27 (kJ)

KOH 0,00012 39.197,4168 4,6476
Impurities 0,00043 15.093,3473 6,4846
H2O 11,0899 16.963,6322 188.125,48
CO2 11,0442 21.306,5457 235.312,8544
K2CO3 0,3562 373,6415 133,1076
KHCO3 0,6831 415,1623 283,6156
Total 23,1740 423.866,1998

 Panas sensibel aliran Q31 menuju Rotary Cooler pada T = 500oC

T = 500 ℃ = 773 K
Tref = 25℃ = 298 K
 KOH
T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫( A + B. T + CT + D T ) dt
2 3 4

To

B 2 C 3 D 4 D 5
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To )
2 3 4 5
0,0422 -0,000048 0
= 71,429 ( 773 – 298 ) K + ( 773 – 298 ) 2 + (773 – 298 )3 +
2 3 4
= 39.197,4168 kJ/kmol
 Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 0,0038 kmol x 39.197,4168 kJ/kmol
= 150,5949 kJ
 Impurities KOH
Cp = Cp Impt. KOH x (T-Tref)
= 31,7755 kJ/kmol K x ( 773 K – 298 K)
= 15.093,3473 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 0,0139 kmol x 15.093,3473 kJ/kmol
= 209,6702 kJ
 H2O
T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫( A + B. T + CT + D T ) dt
2 3 4

To

B 2 C 3 D 4 D 5
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To )
2 3 4 5
-0,008419 2 -0,000029 3
= 33,933 ( 773 – 298 ) + ( 773 – 298 ) + ( 773 – 298 ) +
2 3
= 16.963,6322 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 0,3429 kmol x 16.963,6322 kJ/kmol
= 5.818,3138 kJ
 CO2
T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫( A + B. T + CT + D T ) dt
2 3 4

To

B 2 C 3 D 4 D 5
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To )
2 3 4 5
 0,042315 2 -0,00001956 3
= 27,437 ( 773 – 298 ) K + ( 773 – 298 ) + ( 773 – 298 )
2 3
= 21.306,5457 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 0,3416 kmol x 21.306,5457 kJ/kmol
= 7.277,7171 kJ
 K2CO3
Cp = Cp K2CO3 x (T-Tref)
= 0,7866 kJ/kmol K x ( 773 K – 298 K)
= 373,6415 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 11,5186 kmol x 373,6415 kJ/kmol
= 4.303,8128 kJ
 KHCO3
Cp = Cp KHCO3 x (T-Tref)
= 0,8740 kJ/kmol K x ( 773 K – 298 K)
= 415,1623 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 0,0211 kmol x 415,1623 kJ/kmol
= 8,7716 kJ

Komponen n (Kmol) ꭍ Cp.dT (kJ/kmol) Q31 (kJ)

KOH 0,0038 39.197,4168 150,5949
Impurities 0,0139 15.093,3473 209,6702
H2O 0,3429 16.963,6322 5.818,3138
CO2 0,3415 21.306,5457 7.277,7171
K2CO3 11,5186 373,6415 4.303,8128
KHCO3 0,0211 415,1623 8,7716
Total 12,2419 17.768,8805
Total Qout = Q27 + Q31
= 441.635,0803 kJ
c. Reaksi dalam Rotary Kiln
2KHCO3  K2CO3 + H2O + CO2

ΔHf Reaktan

Komponen n (Kmol) ΔHf (kJ/kmol) Qr (kJ)

KHCO3 22,7715 -959,3 -21.844,6611

Total 22,7715 -21.844,6611

ΔHf Produk
Komponen n (Kmol) ΔHf (kJ/kmol) Qr (kJ)

K2CO3 11,3857 -1.150,2 -13.095,8664

H2O 11,3857 -241,830 -2.753,2972

CO2 11,3857 -393,5 -4.480,2847

Total 34,1572 -20.329,4482

ΔHR 298,15 K = ΔHf produk - ΔHf reaktan

= -20.329,4482 kJ – (-21.844,6611 kJ)

= 1.515,2129 kJ

d. Perhitungan Panas Penguapan Air

T = 600℃ = 873 K
Tref = 25℃ = 298 K
HV H2O = 3693,93 kJ/kg
= 3693,93 kJ/kg x (873 – 298) K
QV 873 K = 2.124.009,75 kJ/kmol x 11,3853 kmol
= 24.183.401,04 kJ
 Panas Masuk (Q in)
Panas Keluar (Q out)
Panas Reaksi (Qr)
Panas Penguapan (Qv)
Panas yang dibutuhkan (Qt)
= 630,7863 kJ
= 441.635,0803 kJ
= 1.515,2129 kJ
= 24.183.401,04 kJ
= ( Qout + Qr + Qv) – Qin

Q26 = (441.635,0803 + 1.515,2129 + 24.183.401,04) kJ - 630,7863 kJ

= 24.625.920,54 kJ

e. Perhitungan Panas Udara Kering

 Panas yang dibutuhkan pada proses pengeringan
Q = Qout – Qin
= (Q27 + Q31) – Q23
= (423.866,1998 kJ + 17.768,8805 kJ) – 630,7863 kJ
= 441.004,2940 kJ
 Menghitung jumlah udara yang dibutuhkan Udara mengandung 79% N2 dan
21% O2
Entalpi udara masuk (Hin) pada temperatur 550oC
T = 550 ℃ = 823 K
Tref = 25℃ = 298 K
 N2
T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫(A + B. T2 + CT 3 + D T 4 ) dt
To

B C D D
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To )2 + (T – To ) 3 + (T – To ) 4 + (T – To ) 5
2 3 4 5
-0,003539 2 0,000010076 3 -4
= 29,342 ( 823 – 298 ) + ( 823 – 298 ) + ( 823 – 298 ) +
2 3 4
= 15.679,8367 kJ/kmol
H = fraksi mol x Cp . ∆T
= 0,79 x 15.679,8367 kJ/kmol
 = 12.387,0709 kJ
 O2
T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫(A + B. T + CT + D T ) dt
2 3 4

To

B 2 C 3 D 4 D 5
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To )
2 3 4 5
-0,0089 0,00003808 -3,26
= 29,526 ( 823 – 298 ) + ( 823 – 298 ) 2 + ( 823 – 298 )3 +
2 3 4
= 16.609,5924 kJ/kmol
H = fraksi mol x Cp . ∆T
= 0,21 x 16.609,5924 kJ/kmol
= 3.488,0144 kJ

Komponen Fraksi Mol Hkomponen (kJ/kmol) Hudara (kJ/kmol)

N2 (g) 0,79 15.679,8367 12.387,0709
O2 (g) 0,21 16.609,5924 3.488,0144
Total 1,00 15.875,0854
Entalpi udara keluar (Hout) pada temperatur 500oC
T = 500 ℃ = 773 K
Tref = 25℃ = 298 K
 N2
T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫(A + B. T + CT + D T ) dt
2 3 4

To

B 2 C 3 D 4 D 5
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To )
2 3 4 5
-0,003539 0,000010076 -4
= 29,342 ( 773 – 298 ) + ( 773 – 298 )2 + ( 773 – 298 )3 +
2 3 4
 = 14.137,4257 kJ/kmol
H = fraksi mol x Cp . ∆T
= 0,79 x 14.137,4257 kJ/kmol
= 11.168,5663 kJ
 O2
T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫(A + B. T + CT + D T ) dt
2 3 4

To

B 2 C 3 D 4 D 5
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To )
2 3 4 5
-0,0089 0,00003808 -3,26
= 29,526 ( 773 – 298 ) + ( 773 – 298 ) 2 + ( 773 – 298 ) 3 +
2 3 4
= 14.925,2864 kJ/kmol
H = fraksi mol x Cp . ∆T
= 0,21 x 14.925,2864 kJ/kmol
= 3.124,3101 kJ

Komponen Fraksi Mol Hkomponen (kJ/kmol) Hudara (kJ/kmol)

N2 (g) 0,79 14.137,4257 11.168,5663
O2 (g) 0,21 14.925,2864 3.124,3101
Total 1,00 14.302,8765
Q = n x Cp dT
Q = n x ΔH
Q
n=
ΔH
441.004,2940 kJ
n=
( 15.875,0854 – 14.302,8765 ) kJ/kmol
n = 280,4998 kmol

 Panas sensibel Qudara-in (Q) pada temperatur 550oC

T = 550 ℃ = 823 K
Tref = 25℃ = 298 K
 N2
T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫(A + B. T2 + CT 3 + D T 4 ) dt
To

B C D D
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To )2 + (T – To ) 3 + (T – To ) 4 + (T – To ) 5
2 3 4 5
-0,003539 2 0,000010076 3 -4
= 29,342 ( 823 – 298 ) + ( 823 – 298 ) + ( 823 – 298 ) +
2 3 4
= 15.679,8367 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 221,5948 kmol x 15.679,8367 kJ/kmol
= 3.475,571,021 kJ
 O2
T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫(A + B. T + CT + D T ) dt
2 3 4

To

B 2 C 3 D 4 D 5
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To )
2 3 4 5
-0,0089 2 0,00003808 3 -3,26
= 29,526 ( 823 – 298 ) + ( 823 – 298 ) + ( 823 – 298 ) +
2 3 4
= 16.609,5924 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 58,9049 kmol x 16.609,5924 kJ/kmol
= 978.387,3667 kJ

Komponen n (Kmol) ꭍ Cp.dT (kJ/kmol) Q (kJ)

N2 (g) 221,5948 15.679,8367 3.475,571,021
O2 (g) 58,9049 16.609,5924 978.387,3667
Total 280,4998 4.452.958,39
 Panas sensibel Qudara-out (Q) pada temperatur 500oC
T = 500 ℃ = 773 K
Tref = 25℃ = 298 K
 N2
T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫(A + B. T2 + CT 3 + D T 4 ) dt
To

B C D D
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To )2 + (T – To ) 3 + (T – To ) 4 + (T – To ) 5
2 3 4 5
-0,003539 2 0,000010076 3 -4
= 29,342 ( 773 – 298 ) + ( 773 – 298 ) + ( 773 – 298 ) +
2 3 4
= 14.137,4257 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 221,5948 kmol x 14.137,4257 kJ/kmol
= 3.132.780,7 kJ
 O2
T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫(A + B. T + CT + D T ) dt
2 3 4

To

B 2 C 3 D 4 D 5
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To )
2 3 4 5
-0,0089 2 0,00003808 3 -3,26
= 29,526 ( 773 – 298 ) + ( 773 – 298 ) + ( 773 – 298 ) +
2 3 4
= 14.925,2864 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 58,9049 kmol x 14.925,2864 kJ/kmol
= 879.173,39 kJ
 Komponen n (Kmol) ꭍ Cp.dT (kJ/kmol) Q (kJ)
N2 (g) 221,5948 14.137,4257 3.132.780,7
O2 (g) 58,9049 14.925,2864 879.173,39
Total 280,4998 4.011.954,09
Q loss = Qin udara – Qout udara

= 4.452.958,39 kJ - 4.011.954,09 kJ
= 441.004,294 kJ

Neraca Panas Rotary Kiln – 01 (RK – 01)

Aliran Panas Masuk (kJ) Panas Keluar (kJ)
Q23 630,7863 0
Q27 0 423.866,1998
Q31 0 17.768,8805
Q26 24.625.920,54 0
Qr 0 1.515,2129
Qin udara 4.452.958,39 0
Qout udara 0 4.011.954,09
Qv 0 24.183.401,04
Qloss 0 441.004,294
Total 29.079.509,72 29.079.509,72

10. HEATER– 03 (H – 03)

Fungsi : Meningkatkan temperature aliran udara menuju RK-01

Keterangan:
Q25 = Aliran panas input Heater-03 dari BL-01
Q26 = Aliran panas output Heater-03 menuju RK-01
Qsteam = Aliran panas steam
 Kondisi Operasi
Tin = 30℃
Tout = 50℃
Tekanan = 1 atm

a. Panas Input H – 03
 Panas sensibel aliran Q25 pada temperature = 30℃
T = 30 ℃ = 303 K
Tref = 25℃ = 298 K
 N2
T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫(A + B. T + CT + D T ) dt
2 3 4

To

B 2 C 3 D 4 D 5
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To )
2 3 4 5
-0,003539 0,000010076 -4
= 29,342 ( 3 03 – 298 ) + (303 – 298 )2 + (303 – 298 ) 3 +
2 3 4
= 145,3669 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 221,5948 kmol x 145,3669 kJ/kmol
= 32.212,5531 kJ
 O2
T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫(A + B. T2 + CT 3 + D T 4 ) dt
To

B 2 C 3 D 4 D 5
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To )
2 3 4 5
-0,0089 2 0,00003808 3 -3,26
= 29,526 ( 3 03 – 298 ) + ( 3 03 – 298 ) + ( 3 03 – 298 ) +
2 3 4
 = 147,3868 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 58,9049 kmol x 147,3868 kJ/kmol
= 8.681,8160 kJ

Komponen n (kmol) ꭍ Cp.dT (kJ/kmol) Q25 (kJ)

b. N2 221,5948 145,3667 32.212,5531
O2 58,9049 147,3868 8.681,8160
Total 280,4998 40.894,3691

Panas Output H – 03
 Panas sensibel aliran Q26 pada temperature = 550℃
T = 550 ℃ = 823 K
Tref = 25℃ = 298 K
 N2
T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫(A + B. T2 + CT 3 + D T 4 ) dt
To

B 2 C 3 D 4 D 5
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To )
2 3 4 5
-0,003539 2 0,000010076 3 -4
= 29,342 ( 823 – 298 ) + ( 823 – 298 ) + ( 823 – 298 ) +
2 3 4
= 15.679,8367 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 221,5948 kmol x 15.679,8367 kJ/kmol
= 3.475,571,021 kJ
 O2
T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫(A + B. T + CT + D T ) dt
2 3 4

To
 B 2 C 3 D 4 D 5
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To )
2 3 4 5
-0,0089 2 0,00003808 3 -3,26
= 29,526 ( 823 – 298 ) + ( 823 – 298 ) + ( 823 – 298 ) +
2 3 4
= 16.609,5924 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 58,9049 kmol x 16.609,5924 kJ/kmol
= 978.387,3667 kJ

Komponen n (kmol) ꭍ Cp.dT (kJ/kmol) Q26 (kJ)

c. 221,5948 3.475,571,021
N2 15.679,8367
O2 58,9049 16.609,5924 978.387,3667

Total 280,4998 4.452.958,39

Perhitungan Panas Input dan Output Steam

Panas yang diberikan steam
Qsteam = Qout - Qin
= 4.452.958,39 kJ – 40.894,3691 kJ
= 4.412.064,018 kJ
Media pemanas yang digunakan adalah superheated steam. Dari data table
C.1 a (ME 201 Section 001, 2012), untuk superheated steam pada T = 600℃
dan P = 9,8629 atm.
 Enthalpy superated vapor (HV) = 3.693,93 kJ/kg
 Enthalpy superated liquid (HL) = 3.292,91 J/kg
Jumlah steam yang dibutuhkan:
Qs
ms =
( HV - HL )
4.412.064,018 kJ
ms =
( 3.693,93 kJ/kg - 3.292,91 kJ/kg)
= 11.002,1047 kg
 Panas steam masuk (Qs-in)
Qs-in = m x HV
 = 11.002,1047 kg x 3.693,93 kJ/kg
= 40.641.004,54 kJ
 Panas steam keluar (Qs-out)
Qs-out = m x HL
= 11.002,1047 kg x 3.292,91 kJ/kg
= 36.228.940,52 kJ

Neraca Panas H – 03 (H – 03)

Aliran Panas Masuk (kJ) Panas Keluar (kJ)
Q25 40.894,3691 0
Q26 0 4.452.958,39
Qsteam-in 40.641.004,54 0
Qsteam-out 0 36.228.940,52
Total 40.681.898,91 40.681.898,91

11. BLOWER – 01 (BL – 01)

Fungsi : Mengalirkan udara menuju Heater-03

Keterangan:
Q24 = aliran panas udara input Blower-01
Q25 = aliran panas udara output Blower-01

Kondisi Operasi:
Temperatur = 30oC
Tekanan = 1 atm

a. Panas Input BL – 01
 Panas sensibel aliran Q24 pada temperatur 30oC
T = 30 ℃ = 303 K
Tref = 25℃ = 298 K
 N2
 T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫(A + B. T + CT + D T ) dt
2 3 4

To

B 2 C 3 D 4 D 5
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To )
2 3 4 5
-0,003539 2 0,000010076 3 -4
= 29,342 ( 3 03 – 298 ) + (303 – 298 ) + (303 – 298 ) +
2 3 4
= 145,3669 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 221,5948 kmol x 145,3669 kJ/kmol
= 32.212,5531 kJ
 O2
T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫(A + B. T + CT + D T ) dt
2 3 4

To

B 2 C 3 D 4 D 5
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To )
2 3 4 5
-0,0089 0,00003808 -3,26
= 29,526 ( 3 03 – 298 ) + ( 3 03 – 298 ) 2 + ( 3 03 – 298 ) 3 +
2 3 4
= 147,3868 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 58,9049 kmol x 147,3868 kJ/kmol
= 8.681,8160 kJ

Komponen n (Kmol) ꭍ Cp.dT (kJ/kmol) Q24 (kJ)

N2 (g) 221,5948 145,3667 32.212,5531
O2 (g) 58,9049 147,3868 8.681,8160
Total 280,4998 40.894,3691
b. Panas Output BL – 01
 Panas sensibel aliran Q25 pada temperatur 30oC
Komponen n (Kmol) ꭍ Cp.dT (kJ/kmol) Q25 (kJ)
N2 (g) 221,5948 145,3667 32.212,5531
O2 (g) 58,9049 147,3868 8.681,8160
Total 280,4998 40.894,3691

Neraca Panas Blower – 01 (BL – 01)

Aliran Panas Masuk (kJ) Panas Keluar (kJ)
Q24 40.894,3691 0,0000
Q25 0,0000 40.894,3691
Total 40.894,3691 40.894,3691

12. ROTARY COOLER– 01 (RC – 01)

Fungsi : Tempat pendingian dry cake Potassium Carbonate dari RK-01
Jenis : Rotary Cooler

Keterangan:
Q31 = Aliran panas dry cake K2CO3 dari RK-01
Q32 = Aliran panas cake K2CO3 menuju Silo Tank-01

Kondisi Operasi
Temperatur = 50℃
Tekanan = 1 atm

a. Panas Input RC – 01
 Panas sensibel yang masuk dari RC-01 (Q31) pada T = 500oC
 T = 500 ℃ = 773 K
Tref = 25℃ = 298 K
 KOH
T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫( A + B. T + CT + D T ) dt
2 3 4

To

B 2 C 3 D 4 D 5
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To )
2 3 4 5
0,0422 2 -0,000048 3 0
= 71,429 ( 773 – 298 ) K + ( 773 – 298 ) + (773 – 298 ) +
2 3 4
= 39.197,4168 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 0,0039 kmol x 39.197,4168 kJ/kmol
= 155,2432 kJ
 Impurities KOH
Cp = Cp Impt. KOH x (T-Tref)
= 31,7755 kJ/kmol K x ( 773 K – 298 K)
= 15.093,3473 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 0,0143 kmol x 15.093,3473 kJ/kmol
= 216,1419 kJ
 H2O
T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫( A + B. T + CT + D T ) dt
2 3 4

To

B 2 C 3 D 4 D 5
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To )
2 3 4 5
-0,008419 -0,000029
= 33,933 ( 773 – 298 ) + ( 773 – 298 )2 + ( 773 – 298 ) 3 +
2 3
 = 16.963,6322 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 0,3652 kmol x 16.963,6322 kJ/kmol
= 6.194,5648 kJ
 CO2
T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫( A + B. T + CT + D T ) dt
2 3 4

To

B 2 C 3 D 4 D 5
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To )
2 3 4 5
0,042315 -0,00001956
= 27,437 ( 773 – 298 ) K + ( 773 – 298 )2 + ( 773 – 298 ) 3
2 3
= 21.306,5457 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 0,3637 kmol x 21.306,5457 kJ/kmol
= 7.748,3429 kJ
 K2CO3
Cp = Cp K2CO3 x (T-Tref)
= 0,7866 kJ/kmol K x ( 773 K – 298 K)
= 373,6415 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 11,8741 kmol x 373,6415 kJ/kmol
= 4.436,6542 kJ
 KHCO3
Cp = Cp KHCO3 x (T-Tref)
= 0,8740 kJ/kmol K x ( 773 K – 298 K)
= 415,1623 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 0,0225 kmol x 415,1623 kJ/kmol
= 9,3388 kJ
 Komponen n (Kmol) ꭍ Cp.dT (kJ/kmol) Q31 (kJ)
KOH 0,0039 39.197,4168 155,2432
Impurities 0,0143 15.093,3473 216,1419
H2O 0,3652 16.963,6322 6.194,5648
CO2 0,3637 21.306,5457 7.748,3429
K2CO3 11,8741 373,6415 4.436,6542
KHCO3 0,0225 415,1623 9,3388
Total 12,6437 18.760,2858

b. Panas Output RC – 01
 Panas sensibel aliran Q32 menuju Rotary Cooler pada T = 50oC
T = 50 ℃ = 323 K
Tref = 25℃ = 298 K
 KOH
T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫( A + B. T2 + CT 3 + D T 4 ) dt
To

B C D D
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To )2 + (T – To ) 3 + (T – To ) 4 + (T – To ) 5
2 3 4 5
0,0422 2 -0,000048 3 0
= 71,429 ( 323 – 298 ) K + ( 323 – 298 ) + (323 – 298 ) +
2 3 4
= 2.010,4408 kJ
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 0,0039 kmol x 2.010,4408 kJ/kmol
= 9,9624 kJ
 Impurities KOH
Cp = Cp Impt. KOH x (T-Tref)
= 31,7755 kJ/kmol K x ( 323 K – 298 K)
= 794,3867 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 0,0143 kmol x 794,3867 kJ/kmol
 = 11,3759 kJ
 H2O
T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫( A + B. T + CT + D T ) dt
2 3 4

To

B 2 C 3 D 4 D 5
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To )
2 3 4 5
-0,008419 -0,000029
= 33,933 ( 323 – 298 ) + ( 323 – 298 )2 + ( 323 – 298 ) 3 +
2 3
= 842,5951 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 0,3652 kmol x 842,5951 kJ/kmol
= 307,6882 kJ
 CO2
T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫( A + B. T2 + CT 3 + D T 4 ) dt
To

B 2 C 3 D 4 D 5
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To )
2 3 4 5
0,042315 2 -0,00001956 3
= 27,437 ( 323 – 298 ) K + ( 323 – 298 ) + ( 323 – 298 )
2 3
= 970,2332 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 0,3637 kmol x 970,2332 kJ/kmol
= 352,8352 kJ
 K2CO3
Cp = Cp K2CO3 x (T-Tref)
= 0,7866 kJ/kmol K x ( 323 K – 298 K)
= 19,6653 kJ/kmol
 Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 11,8741 kmol x 19,6653 kJ/kmol
= 233,5081 kJ
 KHCO3
Cp = Cp KHCO3 x (T-Tref)
= 0,8740 kJ/kmol K x ( 323 K – 298 K)
= 21,8506 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 0,0225 kmol x 21,8506 kJ/kmol
= 0,4915 kJ

Komponen n (Kmol) ꭍ Cp.dT (kJ/kmol) Q32 (kJ)

KOH 0,0038 2.010,44 7,9624
Impurities 0,0139 794,3867 11,3759
H2O 0,3652 842,5951 307,6882
CO2 0,3415 970,2332 352,8352
K2CO3 11,5186 19,6653 233.5081
KHCO3 0,0211 21,8506 0,4915
Total 12,6437 913,8614

c. Perhitungan Panas Udara Pendingin

 Panas yang dibutuhkan pada pendingian
= Qout – Qin
= 913,8614 kJ - 18.760,2858 kJ
= - 17.846,4244 kJ
Menghitung jumlah udara yang dibutuhkan Udara mengandung 79% N2 dan
21% O2
Entalpi udara masuk (Hin) pada temperatur -25oC
T = -25℃ = 248 K
Tref = 25℃ = 298 K
 N2
 T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫(A + B. T + CT + D T ) dt
2 3 4

To

B 2 C 3 D 4 D 5
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To )
2 3 4 5
-0,003539 2 0,000010076 3 -4
= 29,342 ( 248 – 298 ) + ( 248 – 298 ) + ( 248 – 298 ) +
2 3 4
= -1.159,0919 kJ/kmol
H = fraksi mol x Cp . ∆T
= 0,79 x -1.159,0919 kJ/kmol
= -1,467,2049 kJ
 O2
T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫(A + B. T + CT + D T ) dt
2 3 4

To

B 2 C 3 D 4 D 5
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To )
2 3 4 5
-0,0089 0,00003808 -3,26
= 29,526 ( 248 – 298 ) + ( 248 – 298 ) 2 + ( 248 – 298 ) 3 +
2 3 4
= -310,1063 kJ/kmol
H = fraksi mol x Cp . ∆T
= 0,21 x -310,1063 kJ/kmol
= -1.476,6967 kJ

Komponen Fraksi Mol Hkomponen (kJ/kmol) Hudara (kJ/kmol)

N2 (g) 0,79 -1.159,0919 -1,467,2049
O2 (g) 0,21 -310,1063 -1.476,6967
Total 1,00 -2.943,9016
 Entalpi udara keluar (Hout) pada temperatur 50oC
T = 50℃ = 323 K
Tref = 25℃ = 298 K

 N2
T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫(A + B. T2 + CT 3 + D T 4 ) dt
To

B C D D
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To )2 + (T – To ) 3 + (T – To ) 4 + (T – To ) 5
2 3 4 5
-0,003539 2 0,000010076 3 -4
= 29,342 ( 323 – 298 ) + (323 – 298 ) + (323 – 298 ) +
2 3 4
= 577,1683 kJ/kmol
H = fraksi mol x Cp . ∆T
= 0,79 x 577,1683 kJ/kmol
= 730,5928 kJ
 O2
T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫(A + B. T + CT + D T ) dt
2 3 4

To

B 2 C 3 D 4 D 5
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To )
2 3 4 5
-0,0089 2 0,00003808 3 -3,26
= 29,526 ( 323 – 298 ) + ( 323 – 298 ) + ( 323 – 298 ) +
2 3 4
= 153,5409 kJ/kmol
H = fraksi mol x Cp . ∆T
= 0,21 x 153,5409 kJ/kmol
= 731,1475 kJ
 Komponen Fraksi Mol Hkomponen (kJ/kmol) Hudara (kJ/kmol)
N2 (g) 0,79 577,1683 730,5928
O2 (g) 0,21 153,5409 731,1475
Total 1,00 1461.74
Q = n x Cp dT
Q = n x ΔH
Q
n =
ΔH
−17.846,4244 kJ
n =
(-1.469,1982 – 730.7093 ) kJ/kmol
n = 8,1124 kmol

 Panas sensibel Qudara-in (Q) pada temperatur -25oC

T = -25℃ = 248 K
Tref = 25℃ = 298 K
 N2
T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫(A + B. T2 + CT 3 + D T 4 ) dt
To

B C D D
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To )2 + (T – To ) 3 + (T – To ) 4 + (T – To ) 5
2 3 4 5
-0,003539 2 0,000010076 3 -4
= 29,342 ( 248 – 298 ) + ( 248 – 298 ) + ( 248 – 298 ) +
2 3 4
= -1.159,0919 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 6,4088 kmol x -1.159,0919 kJ/kmol
= - 9.402,9618 kJ
 O2
T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫(A + B. T + CT + D T ) dt
2 3 4

To
 B 2 C 3 D 4 D 5
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To )
2 3 4 5
-0,0089 2 0,00003808 3 -3,26
= 29,526 ( 248 – 298 ) + ( 248 – 298 ) + ( 248 – 298 ) +
2 3 4
= -310,1063 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 1,7036 kmol x -310,1063 kJ/kmol
= -2.515,6916 kJ

Komponen n (Kmol) ꭍ Cp.dT (kJ/kmol) Q (kJ)

N2 (g) 6,4088 -1.159,0919 - 9.402,9618
O2 (g) 1,7036 -310,1063 -2.515,6916
Total 8,1124 -11.918,6534

 Panas sensibel Qudara-out (Q) pada temperatur 50oC

T = 50℃ = 323 K
Tref = 25℃ = 298 K
 N2
T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫(A + B. T + CT + D T ) dt
2 3 4

To

B 2 C 3 D 4 D 5
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To )
2 3 4 5
-0,003539 2 0,000010076 3 -4
= 29,342 ( 323 – 298 ) + (323 – 298 ) + (323 – 298 ) +
2 3 4
= 577,1683 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
 = 6,4088 kmol x 577,1683 kJ/kmol
= 4.682,1924 kJ
 O2
T
Cp . ∆T = ∫ Cp dT
To

T
Cp . ∆T = ∫(A + B. T + CT + D T ) dt
2 3 4

To

B 2 C 3 D 4 D 5
= A ( T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To ) + (T – To )
2 3 4 5
-0,0089 2 0,00003808 3 -3,26
= 29,526 ( 323 – 298 ) + ( 323 – 298 ) + ( 323 – 298 ) +
2 3 4
= 153,5409 kJ/kmol
Q = n x Cp . ∆T
= 1,7036 kmol x 153,5409 kJ/kmol
= 1.245,5785 kJ

Komponen n (Kmol) ꭍ Cp.dT (kJ/kmol) Q (kJ)

N2 (g) 6,4088 577,1683 4.682,1924
O2 (g) 1,7036 153,5409 1.245,5785
Total 8,1124 5.927,7709

Neraca Panas Rotary Cooler – 01 (RC – 01)

Aliran Panas Masuk (kJ) Panas Keluar (kJ)
Q31 18.760,2858 0
Q32 0 913,8614
Qin udara -11.918,6534 0
Qout udara 0 5.927,7709
Total 6.841,6323 6.841,6323