Materi dan contoh analisa generic structure

KD. 3.23. ANALYSIS BIOGRAPHY TEXT

Pengertian Biography text
Dalam bahasa, biography tersusun dari dua kata yaitu Bios yang artinya Hidup dan Graphia yang
artinya tulisan.
Dalam bahasa inggris dan secara istilahnya, Biography text is a detailed description or account of a
person’s life and written by someone else, it is non fiction text. Atau dalam bahasa indonesia teks
Biografi adalah suatu teks yang menggambarkan detail dari riwayat hidup seseorang secara nyata
dan ditulis oleh orang lain.
Function of Biography
To know a person’s story about his/her life outside of any accomplishments this person may be
known for.
To give many information easily and educate the readers.
Characteristics of Biography
Biography Is not written by subject and always written in third person. Dengan kata lain teks biografi
tidak dibuat oleh orang yang sedang diceritakan riwayat hidupnya, tetapi diceritakan oleh oranglain
dalam sudut pandang orang ketiga.

Based on research. Teks tersebut dibuat berdasarkan fakta pengalaman hidup suatu tokoh berisi
mengenai kisah atau cerita suatu tokoh dalam mengarungi kehidupannya, entah itu berupa
kelebihan, masalah atau kekurangan yang ditulis oleh orang lain sehingga patut menjadi teladan.
describes the person's surroundings (where, when and how the person lived).
use vivid language to narrate events. Bahasa yang jelas harus benar-benar diaplikasikan dalam
sebuah teks biografi agar menghindari kesalahan dalam informasi yang disajikan.

Generic Structure
1. ORIENTATION (INTRODUCTION)

It is the opening paragraph, gives the readers the background information of the person. Biasanya
berisi tentang biodata yang dinarasikan seperti nama lengkap, tempat dan tanggal lahir.

2. EVENTS

In events, should be chronological order. Tahap ini adalah bagian kejadian atau peristiwa yang
dialami oleh tokoh. Berisi penjelasan suatu cerita baik itu berupa pemecahan masalah, proses
berkarir, dan berbagai peristiwa yang pernah dialami oleh tokoh hingga mengantarkannya pada
sebuah kesuksesan.

3. RE-ORIENTATION (CLOSING)

It consist of conclusion or a comment or the writer. Tell about the echievement or the contribution
of the person. Pada penutup, bagian ini berisi tentang pandangan penulis kepada tokoh yang
dikisahkan. Reorentasi ini bersifat opsional, jadi boleh ada maupun tidak.

Grammar and language features

 1. Use of simple past tense. Sebuah bentuk sederhana kejadian yang terjadi di masa
lampau. Menggunakan bentuk kata kerja kedua (verb 2).
e.g. : -The family then moved to his stepfather’s home country.
-He was born on August 4, 1961 in Honolulu, Hawaii.

2. Temporal sequence (urutan waktu) and temporal conjunction (konjungsi temporal).

Sebagai penghubung antara satu kalimat dengan kalimat lain dalam urutan waktu.
e.g. : His parents separated when he was two years old.

3. Focus on Specific participants. (SATU SUBJECT)

4. Use of Action verbs. kelompok kata yang menjelaskan sesuatu hal yang secara aktif
dilakukan oleh tokoh.
e.g. : the family then moved to his stepfather’s home country.
Types of biography

1. Short biography (focuses only on highlights of a person’s life)

2. Long biography (about life and times of someone in a lot more detail)

EXAMPLE

Abraham Lincoln
Abraham Lincoln was born in 1809 in Kentucky (USA). He worked on the farm of his father. He
attended school for less than a year, but taught himself to read and write. He did different types of
jobs before he settled as a highly successful lawyer. He was gradually drawn to politics.

The country was having problems regarding the practice of slavery. The white men owned large
farms in the southern states, Blacks were brought from Africa to work on these farms, They were
kept as slaves. The people of northern states were against this practice of slavery and wanted to
abolish it, The Constitution of America is based on the equality of man. Therefore, there was no
place for slavery in that country,
At this difficult time, Abraham Lincoln was elected President of the USA in 1860. He wanted to solve
the problem of slavery. The southern states were against the abolition of slavery. This brought the
unity of the country in danger. The southern states were prepared even to form a new country.
Abraham Lincoln wanted all the states to remain united.
He faced many problems. He wanted to preserve the unity of the country at any cost. Finally a civil
war broke out between the northern and southern states. He fought the war bravely and declared,
'A Nation cannot exist half free and half slave.' He won the war and kept the country united.

Lincoln was elected president for a second term. He was not against anybody and wanted everybody
to live in peace. He made sincere efforts to heal the people's wounds caused by the war. In 1862,
Lincoln declared that from then onwards all slaves would be free. This made him very popular
among the people. Lincoln was assassinated in 1865.
IDENTIFY GENERIC STRUCTURE

ORIENTATION Abraham Lincoln was born in 1809 in Kentucky (USA).

He worked on the farm of his father. He attended
school for less than a year, but taught himself to read
and write. He did different types of jobs before he
settled as a highly successful lawyer. He was gradually
drawn to politics.

EVENTS 1 The country was having problems regarding the

practice of slavery. The white men owned large farms
in the southern states, Blacks were brought from
Africa to work on these farms, They were kept as
slaves. The people of northern states were against
this practice of slavery and wanted to abolish it, The
Constitution of America is based on the equality of
man. Therefore, there was no place for slavery in that
EVENTS 2 country,

At this difficult time, Abraham Lincoln was elected

President of the USA in 1860. He wanted to solve
the problem of slavery. The southern states were
against the abolition of slavery. This brought the
unity of the country in danger. The southern states
were prepared even to form a new country.
EVENTS 3 Abraham Lincoln wanted all the states to remain
united.

He faced many problems. He wanted to preserve the

unity of the country at any cost. Finally a civil war
broke out between the northern and southern
states. He fought the war bravely and declared, 'A
Nation cannot exist half free and half slave.' He won
the war and kept the country united.

RE-ORIENTATION Lincoln was elected president for a second term. He

was not against anybody and wanted everybody to
live in peace. He made sincere efforts to heal the
people's wounds caused by the war. In 1862, Lincoln
declared that from then onwards all slaves would be
free. This made him very popular among the people.
Lincoln was assassinated in 1865.

Nah jadi begitulah penjelasan detail mengenai Biography Text, dari mulai pengertian, karakteristik
hingga mengidentifikasi struktur teks yang bisa dipelajari.
KD. 4.23. WRITING BIOGRAPHY TEXT.
PERTANYAAN UNTUK MEMPERMUDAH DALAM MEMBUAT BIOGRAPHY TEXT
Biography tidak hanya diperuntukkan bagi orang terkenal, namun kamu juga bisa membuat
biography siapapun yang menarik bagimu. Misalnya teman atau guru. Penting bagi kamu untuk
membuat pertanyaan bagus dalam menggarap kehidupan seseorang, kemudian kamu bisa
memasukkan informasi tersebut ke dalam biography text dengan struktur recount text untuk
menceritakan kehidupan orang tersebut. Berikut ini variasi pertanyaan dalam mewawancarai kisah
hidup seseorang.
Early Childhood (masa kecil)
1. When and where were you born?
2. Who was the most influential person to you as a child?
3. Did you have any pets as a child? What kind?
4. What was your favorite game?
5. Did you have any nicknames?
6. What were you most afraid of as a child?

High School (sekolah menengah)

1. Who was your best friend? Are you still in touch with them?
2. What was your favorite subject to study?
3. What was your favorite sport?
4. Is there a teacher that you remember having been particularly influential? 5.
How would you describe yourself as a student, both socially and academically?
6. What did you like most about school? Least?
7. What sort of extracurricular activities did you participate in as a teen?
8. Did you have a teen idol? If so, who was it and how did they spark your
interest? 9. What was your favorit music/band/dance in high school?
College (perkuliahan)
1. Did you attend college? If so, which on? If not, why?
2. What are your most memorable college moments?
3. Who was your most memorable roommate?
4. Why did you decide to attend college?
5. What subject(s) did you study and why?
6. Did you get a degree? In what?

Career (karir)
1. What was your first job?
2. What was your best job?
3. What was your worst job?
4. Who was the biggest influence in your career?

Family (keluarga)
1. Do you have children? If so, how many and what age and gender are
they? 2. What is your goal as a parent?
3. What does the word “family” mean to you?
4. How would your children describe you as a parent?
5. How do you describe yourself as a parent?
6. In what ways have your parents influenced you the most?
7. What is your relationship with your parents like today?
8. Do you have siblings? How many, are they older or younger?
9. Who are your closest to in your family?
10. Who do you admire most in your family and why?
11. Have you lost any family members to death?
Love (percintaan)
1. Who was your first love?
2. Have you had your hearth broken?
3. Have you broken any hearths?
4. Have you ever been married? To whom and for how long?
5. How did you and your spouse first meet?
6. Do you believe in love at the first sight?
7. What was the most special way you’ve shown someone that you loved them?
8. What was the most special way you’ve been shown you’re loved?
Politics/History (politik/sejarah)
1. What do you consider to be the most significant political event that has occured during your
life? 2. Which political figure do you most admire?
3. Other than the present, which historical era would you like to have lived in? 4. What do you
consider to be the most important war fought during your lifetime? In all of history?
General (umum)
1. What is your definition of “happiness”?
2. What is the funniest thing that’s ever happened to you?
3. What is your happiest memory?
4. Who is your biggest fan?
5. What do you like to do in your spare time?
6. What is your most embarrasing moment?
7. If you could possess one super-human power, what would it be?
8. What is your greatest fear?
9. What is your greatest hope?
LETS MAKE YOUR OWN TEXT!!! :> “OoOOooo”